US971885A - Milling-machine. - Google Patents

Description

C. L. G-RU'HMANN.

M'LLING MACHINE.

AE'PLIGTION HLBD JAN. 21, 1909.

Patented 0011.4, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C'. L. GRUHM'ANN.

MILTLL'MGv MACHINE.

JAN. 21,1909.

APPLICATION FILED Patented @c di, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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CARL L. GROHMANN, F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO PRATT & XVI-IITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

MILLING-MACHINE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 4., i910.

Application filed January 21.1909. Serial No. 473,518.

' a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Millingl Machines, of which the following is a; specification.

*This invention relates to milling machines one of the primary objects of the invention being to provide a machine of this type wherein the tendency to bend is greatly reduced as compared with ,certain existing forms of such machines with which I am familiar. l

The machine possesses other advantageous features which with t-lie foregoing will be set fort-h at length in the following descrip- .tion wherein is outlined in detail that form of embodiment `ofthe invention whichI have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specication..

Referring to said drawings, Figure l is aA side elevation ofva milling machine involving my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical secti0ii on the line 2--2 of'Fi 3. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional plan view of the head and column, and, Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line 4 4. of Fi 3.

The figures are on di lerent scales and My improvements .although susceptibleof lgeneral application are of prime utility whenembodied in a vertical spindle milling machine as represented in full in Fig. 1.'

Such a machine comprises a bed as 2 and a column as 3 rising from said bed the former being equipped .with a work-support or tains the cutter spindle may take various forms the one illustrated being denoted iii a general way by 5, the column 3 being provided with ways as 6 to supportaiid guide said head 5 during the several vertical adjustments thereof. Said ways 6 it will be observed practically extend to the bed 2 by virtue of which when the head 3 is in its lowest adjustment' it will be substantially supported; in other words at such time there is no overhang of said head.

The cutter spindle may be of various forms; that represented is denoted by 7 and as the saine in itself forms no specific part -spindle is similarly adjusted.

of the present invention it is unnecessary to describe the same. in detail, any more than to state that it is rotatively supported by and is 'bodily movable with the head 5 so` that when the head -is adjusted the cutter Associated with said cutter spindle 7 is a driving elepnient therefor; that illustrated being denoted in a general way by- 8 and being preferably although not essentially of compound form in that it comprises two sub elements,

whereby variations in speed of said spindle can be secured. In the present case there is no relative movement between the cutter 4spindle 7 and the driving element 8 by reason of which I can reduce the flexing tendency of said cutter spindle tol its least possible eXtent. Milling machines usually have a cutter spindle anda driver therefor the spindle having a driving slidable connect-ion with the driver for purposes of adjustment, the consequence being the greater the adjustment of said old spindle the greater the fiexing tendency therein. The spindle 7 is providedwith the usual tool-holder 9 with which the' customary tool or cutter is conneeted and in the present case it will be clear that the relation between my cutter, spindle and spindle driver never varies so that I am enabled to secure the advantage stated. Therefore to adjust the tool toward oi from the work it is necessary that the head 5 be adjusted the spindle partaking always of the adjust-ments of said head.

While I havev termed the part S a driving element it is in turn driven by other mechanism as will hereinafter appear, and it is shown as consisting of a gear 9 and pinion 10, the latter having a hub as ll pinned or otherwise suitably connected to said spindle for rotation therewith. To said hub ll is fitted the gear 9, said gear and pinion con. stituting part of a. suitable speed -varying mechanism. The'cutter spindle 7 may be held longitudinally immovable in any desii-able manner; for example by several eollars all denoted b v l2 bearing against the head interiorly and exteriorliv thereof.

I have shown as within' the head 5 and in proximity to vthe spindle 'i' a shaft 13 endwise movablein bearings as 14C and l5 of tubular .formfand illustrated as forming parts of the bottom and top respectively of said head. The said shaft 13 is shown as having pinned to its upper end a collar 16 Vwhich has a sliding' movement in theupper bearing l5 from which it will be evident that said shaft has an endwise or longitudinal mo\vement and this action l utilize in the present case for alternately putting into mesh gears on said shaft 13 with the gear 9 and pinion "lhere is shown as iitted to saidshaft 13 an elongated sleeve 1'? which may be and is shown as loose on said shaft although it is slidable thereonl for a purpose that will hereinafter appear. Said sleeve 1T is shown as equipped with a rigid pinion 18 and a ffearll). The upper end of said sleeve 17 is shown as bearing against the coll-ar 16 while the lower end thereof rests upon ar ycollar as 20 suitably fastened to said shaft 13. lt therefore follows that when said shaft 13 is adjusted the pinion 1S and gear 1) will be corresponuingly adjusted. ln Fig. 2 the 'oinion 18 is shown as 1oifing in mesh with the O'ear 9. To increase the speed of the spindle T the Vgear 1S) will be vput into mesh with the lpinion 10 it being` of course evident that the gear 19 is greater in diameter than the pinionv 18. The adjustment of said pinion 18 and gear 19 accomplished through the endwise movement of the shaft 13 and l will now describe the means shmvn for thus op- 30V i' i as having rack teeth or a rack portion 21 @rating said shaft Said shaft 13 is shown with which` meshes pinion as rigid on a roch-shaft as @El supported for oscillation by the head l have shown as rigidly connected with one end ofsaid rock-shaft 23, a lfandle or 'crank arm' 2st provided near its 'free'cnd with the' familiar spring plunger 25 to alternately enter the perforations or seats '2G and qin said head 5 to maintain the resa/)estive adjustments of said shaft 13. The spring plunger is shown in Fig. 2 as being in the upper seat 26 the consequence being that the pinion 1S is held positively in mesh with the gear 9. To increase the speed fthe spindle 7 the plunger will be removed irom said upper opening and the handle 24 swung to the limit of its adjust, ment or until said plunger can enter the lower seat 27 at 'which time said plunger is sprung into said lower seat to positively' hold the r ir i9 in mesh with the pinion 10 which' relation was securedby the upward movement of the sleeve 17 by manipulatior of Ysaid handle Q4 acting through the inter mediate described partsu lt will be perceived that the collar 1G is somewhat closely litte'd and slidable within the upper tubular bearing 15 and owing to the factthat thiscollar is in proximity to the pinion '18 the latter when inA action is- Aefl'hctually supported against vlateral motion this bearing l'being aided in steadying the shaft 17 by the suitably-supported inember 13 which it will be remembered has a the shaft 17 is elevated to put the spur gear' 15) into mesh with the pinion S) the pinion 155 is received within the said tubular bear ing 15.

The vertically movable head 5 is represented vsupporting a second shaft as being provided with suitable bearingsfor the purpose. Loose on said shaft 281s barrel or elongated pinion as 29 and with which the gear 19 is always in mesh, this result being secured by making said barrel pinion of a. length lequffiling the range adjustment of said gear 19 which is aclvantageous owing to the fact that there is all times a driving relation between the said pinion 29 and the gear 19. This barrel pinion although freely rotative is longitudinally immovable such condition being maintained. in the present case by position ing it bi' Yeen two of the relatively lined bearings lor saidshaft 2S. The `barrel pinion 29 is shown kas being in meshwith a. pinion as 3o which preferably has a splined connection with a shaft as 31 illustrated as vertically disposed and as approxin'iately coextensive with the column 3. The pinion 30 is represented as furnished with an elongated hub 3 2 supported for rotation in a bracket or bearing as 33 rigidly connected as by screws or bolts SLL with the head 5 said hub being preferably provided with a collar as bearing against the underside of said bracket 553, a bushing 3G being usually interposed between said hub 52 .and bracket The pinion 30 has a sliding movement on the shaft 31 from near one end thereof to near the other end thereof by reason of which a great range of adjustment of said head is secured thereby adapting the machine to widely dili'erentsizes of work. The shaft 31 is continuously rotative; that is it is in motion while the inachine is in action but 1 do not 'deem it necessary to describe the means'for operating said shaft although one of the elements,

namel" the bevel Gear'' is illustrated.'4

work` of' al milling machine is done while the head thereof is in the neighborhood of the Awork support of whatever nature these 'members may be. In Fig. 1 l have shown the head 5 as being practically at its lowest limit of adjustment and it will beevident substantial bearing in the tube 14. lVhen that when the head is in such' position the machine while the stock may Vvary in depth the head is at no time so close to the work- Sutport as to make the fiexing tendency of sai shaft an undesirable factor. O-f course there is more flexing tendency in said shaft when the head is moved upward vthe saine increasing to its maximum when said head .is at the limit of itsl upward adjustment.

Vhile therefore I reduce t-he tiexing tendency of said shaft 31 to a negligible amount during the major period of operation of the machine I'provide for a great range of ad'- justment of the head 5.

I provide means as will now appear for turning the gear members 9 and 10 with respect to the coperating gear members 18 and 19 whereby I can insure when necessary a proper mesh between the respective cooperative gear members. Ihe head 5 is shown as supporting for endwise rotary movements a manually-operable spindle 38 provided at its lower end with a. knob or equivalent operating device as 39. I have shown as fastened to the upper end of this spindle a pinion 40' which is represented as located within the hollow head 5 and as cooperative with the spur gear 9. Said pinion 40 is normally out of mesh with said 4,spur gear 9, this relationbeing preferably secured by a spring as-41 of coiled type'surrounding .said spindle 38. The lower end of the spring bears against the 'hub or body of the knob 39 while the upper end thereof bears against the head 5 said spring being normally under tension to npositively hold the gear or pinion 40 in its normally inoperative'po'sition or that shown in Fig. 4. The spring 41' is shown as' being inclosed by the sleeve 42 flanged at its upper end and rigidly connected at said end with said head; the spindle as will be obvio-us extends through said sleeve 42. Should it beneces sary to have recourse to the pinion 40 it is elevated to put itI into mesh with the spur gear 9; should there be any din'ieulty in getting said pinion into mesh with said spur gear the di'lliculty can be easily remedied by turning said pinion, it being understood that the shaft or spindle 38 to which the pinion is connected is capable of rotation. After the pinion 40 is in mesh with said spur gear 9 the latter and hence the pinion 10 can be turned by .the operator to put the said two last mentioned parts accurately into mesh with the coperative power driven gear members 18 and 19.

I have described in detail that form of embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings so that as stated those skilled in the art can successfully practice my invention. I do not restrictV myself to the disclosure thus made for many variations may be adopted within the spirit of my invention as expressed by my claims.

It will be perceived that the spindle 7 is non-endwise movable with respect both to the head and the driving element 8. It is customary in milling machines to have a double adjustment, one a rough or primary adjustment to carry the tool nearly to the work or vice versa necessary and the other the line or finished adjustment. By the pcculiar mounting of the spindle I can obtain both of these adjusti'nents from the head. The several back gears are also inclosed in the head by reason of which they will be -elfectually protected while the shaft 31 and its coperating parts are inclosed in the col# umn The latter it will be observed is vertical and the head 5 travels vertically or up and down said column and in a path par allel to the spindle. 7 and shaft 31er lotherwise stated in a direction'parallel to the axes of motion of said spindle .7 and shaft 31. In securing an adjust-ment or adjustments there is therefore no movement whatsoever of the spindle 7 longitudinally with respect either to the head 5 or the dri-ving i element for said' spindle.

1. In `a milling machine, a head, aeutter spindle rotatively supported by said head, a pair of rigidly connected gears rotative with said spindle, an endwise movable shaft provided with a collar, the head having a tubular bearing to slidably receive said collar, and two rigidly connected gears fastened to said shaft and of different diameters the endwise movement of the shaft being adapted to vary the meshed relations of the two sets of gears and to also carry one of the gears thereon into said tubular bearing.

2. In a milling machine, ay head, a cutter spindle rotatively supported by said head, two rigidly connected gears of different diameters fastened to said spindle, an endwise movable sha-ft, a pair of rigidly connected gears fastened to said shaft for shifting movement therewith the movement of the shaft serving to vary the meshed .relation between the two sets of'gears, and alcollar at one endK of the shaft, the head having a tubular bearing to receive said collar and also having a bearing for the other end of Asaid shaft the latter 'on the endwise movement thereof in one direction being adapted to mcve one cf the gears thereon into said tubular bearing. 4

3. A milling machine comprising a head, a cutter spindle rotatively supported by said head, a pair of rigidly connected gears of different diameters connected with said spindle for' rotation therewith, an en'dwise movable shaft, il pair of rgidv e nneced gears also el diereut diameters shai on its movement serving to vary the mashed relation between the Wo sets ef geals, a collar fastened to Sai@ Shaftj and adjacent to the smaller gem the'ecm said collar being located near one end of the shaft, a ubuim bearing for sngyreeevng seid eolle and for also receiving he smalef gear en I l l i testmenjjf whereof my sgnaue in presence of wo Witnesses.

CARE; L; GRQHM* M. W. ANDERSQN.

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