US971489A - Hydrocarbon-burner. - Google Patents

Description

W. W. CASE, s3. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

Patented Sept. 27, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

V 0 I 1 iw w/E 1 APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1910.

W. W. CASE, SR. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

- APPLICATION FILED APR. 21. 1910. 971,489, Patented Sept. 27, 1910.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. J 20 l zgj 15 flaw/ WILLIS W. CASE, 8B,, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE- DENVER FIRE CLAY COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VILLIS W. Case, S12, a citizen oit the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon burners, more especially adapted for use in connection with assay furnaces, although it is not restricted to this use, as it is of general application.

The object of my invention is to make a burner of simple and economical construction, which, after being heated up, will generate gas or vapor under great pressure, so that the gas generated will issue from the delivery orih'ce with great force, entraining with it the air, and deliver a mixture of air and gas inside the burner, the pressure being great enough so that the flame will not fire back to the valve itself, but will be wholly within the furnace. This firing back is the great objection to burners of this character, and after a long course of experimentation I have discovered that the construction shown in the drawing completely accomplishes the desired obj eet of preventing back firing.

A further object to make the generator and retort all of a single piece of metal, into which the valves are fitted. This results in chea 1)ening the structure and in greatly strengthening it, and enabling the parts to be much more easily fitted.

With these objects in view, my invention consists in the construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawingFigure 1 is a plan view of my invention, partly in section. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 41, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 41 is a longitudinal section of my invention. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and Figs. 6, 7 S, and 9 illustrate different forms of valves.

This generator is intended to be used with gasolene or some similar light hydrocarbon which can be readily vaporized, and, as is usual, the vaporization is eiiected by heating Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 21, 1910.

Patented Sept. 2'7, 1910.

Serial No. 556,876.

up the burner itself and generating gas therein.

1. represents the retort or main portion of the burner, preferably composed of bronze or similar material. It is provided with a circular central opening 2, through which the mixed gas and air are delivered into the furnace. It is also provided with a conical opening 3, the larger end being directed outward and the smaller end delivering into the opening 2, forming a sharp corner 4.

5 represents an annular chamber in the body of the burner, made when the burner is cast.

6 represents a passage for the gasolene, or other fuel, while the burner is being heated up, and through which, later on, the gas passes to the burner tip.

7 represents the inlet pipe for the gasolene or other hydrocarbon fluid, connected by an elbow joint 8 to a pipe 9, the end of which screws into an opening in the part 1, the open end of the pipe communicating with a part of the anruilar space 5, said pipe be ing filled with gravel or other non-combustible material 10 to prevent surging. The gravel is held in place by screens 11 and 12 at either end, this construction permitting ready removal and cleaning.

On one side of the passage 6 is located the Bunsen burner or starting generator. This consists of a casing on one side of the burner, forming a. passage 13, and provided with inletair holes 141 and exit holes 15 for the Bunsen flame to play against the annular retort 1.

16 represents the lmrner tip, projecting toward the center oil the generator, so that the opening therein is approxin'iately opposite the center of the opening A passage 17 is provided, communicating with the passage G, for conducting the gas down to the burner tip. This passage is elongated and communicates wit-h the auxiliary valve for the starting gene 'ator.

Screwed into a projection 18, located opposite to the passage 13, is a valve rod 19, provided with a hand wheel 20 and prefer ably passing through a stuffing box 21. The valve is integral with and formed on the end of valve rod 19 and consists of the larger part, as shown at 22, and in the form shown in the upper part of Fig. 4;, the rounded end of which in conjunction with the seat 37 forms the shut off valve proper. A smaller cylindrical extension which is tight fitting in valve casing 36 provided with a groove 24 forms the regulating part of the valve. This is the cheaper form to manufacture, but I have illustrated several other forms of valves, the preferred form being shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The exit of gas from the passage 17 through the tip is governed by a similar valve, consisting of a rod 31, having a screw-threaded portion 25, engaging a screw-threaded portion 26 of the burner tip, said rod being provided with a hand wheel 27, and preferably passing through a stufilng box 28. This valve is also provided with a cylindrical seating por tion 29 and a smaller cylindrical grooved portion 30.

On the outside of the retort, in proximity to the exit holes 15, I preferably arrange inclined ba'liles 32, one on each side. These battles have a double function; that is to say, of catching any surplus unvaporized gasolene when the burner is first started, and also the more important function of acting as a stop against which the Bunsen flame, escaping through the openings 15, may strike, thereby preventing this flame from blowing itself out, which is a most serious objection.

The operation is as follows :The fuel being admitted through the pipe 7, and the valve 23 being opened, the gasolene or other fuel passes through the annular chamber 5, the passage 6, through the passage 13, and out through the holes 15, where it is ignited. The fuel burns so readily that it quickly heats up the retort and very soon vaporizes the gasolene therein, whereupon the gas, passing through the passage 13, draws along with it air through the openings 1%, and delivers a Bunsen flame through the openings against the retort. This heats up the whole burner very quickly and generates gas under pressure. The valve 30 is then opened, without closing the valve 23, and a stream of gas passes through the openings 3 and 2, carrying with it air, and the mixture is ignited inside the furnace, thereby preliminarily heating the adjacent parts of the interior of the furnace, which then heat the retort 1. Shortly after this, the valve 23 may be closed and the burner will work continuously.

The valve 23 is suitable for the generating valve or may be used on the cheaper form of burners, but I prefer the valve illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9, and more especially that shown in Figs. 6 and 7. All of these valves, however, have some features in common.

In the form shown in Fig. 8, the valve stem is screw-threaded as shown at 33, then the part adjoining the screw-tlu'eaded portion is reduced in size, as shown at 34:, and the valve itself is still further reduced, tightly fitting in the valve casing 36.

37 represents the valve seat, against which the part 3st is adapted to seat. A cylindrical slot is formed in the valve seat for the reception of the regulating valve, terminating in a conical portion 38, having an outlet hole 39. A portion next to the part 34, approxi mately a thirty-second of an inch in length, is cylindrical and smooth in shape, forming a neck In the form shown in Fig. 8, there is a hole drilled in the side, which communicates with a hole 41 drilled in the end thereof, which delivers into the conical opening 38.

In the form shown in Fig. 9, theparts 33 3%, 36, 37 38*, and 39 are similar to the parts shown in Fig. 8, but in the cylindrical part 12 a number of inclined grooves 4L3 are provided, all of which deliver into the passage 38*.

I11 Figs. 6 and 7, the preferred form of valve is shown. The parts 33 34 36 37 38 and 39 are just the same as already described. The valve itself, however, consists of a cylindrical portion 44, forming a neck, as above described, and the end thereof is recessed out, forming a rear extension of the passage 38. Communicating with the recessed portion is a slot 46, so that the gas may escape into the chamber formed by 45 and 38 and be delivered in a straight line through the orifice 39*. In this type of burner, it is of great importance to obtain the greatest possible velocity of the gas as it passes into the opening 3, in order that the required quantity of air to produce complete combustion be entrained along with the stream of gas, and this is effected by the forms of valves shown by me, especially the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7. In the ordinary form of valve provided with a square seat and needle point, the gas is wire drawn over the edge of the valve, and its velocity is thereby considerably reduced. This objection is totally absent from my construction. One especially valuable feature of the valve used in this construction is that, as shown in the drawing, the regulating portion of the valve is made in the form of a slotted cylinder which tightly fits in its seat, and the part 34, Fig. 8, is provided with a rounded end, leaving a cylindrical neck 35. The result of this construction is that the valve must be withdrawn from its seat some distance before the gas can escape at all, and by having the end of the parts 34, 34 or 34 rounded, a comparatively large opening is made, so that the wire drawing of the stream of gas is prevented. I have found in actual practice that this is of very great importance.

lVhile I have thus described my invention, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact details shown and described, as these could be varied considerably without departing from the spirit of my invention.

One especial feature of the invention is the valve, which includes a slotted portion and a solid, smooth cylindrical portion adjacent thereto, adjoining an enlarged portion, which fits against the valve seat, so that when the valve is tightly screwed home, which would tend to displace the metal on the seat, this tendency is overcome by the cylindrical, tight fitting neck of the valve itself.

From the standpoint of economy, one especial feature of this invention is the casting of the burner proper, including the retort and starting generator, in one piece. This reduces the number of joints, where leakage often occurs, to onehalf the usual number, and is much cheaper and easier to make, and more satisfactory and lasting in use.

I claim 1. A hydrocarbon burner having a retort portion with a central opening therethrough, said retort portion being cut away so as to leave a continuous annular space therein, means for admitting fuel into said annular space on one side, a generator burner of the Bunsen type on the opposite side, a burner tip, said hydrocarbon burner being provided with a T-shaped passage connecting said annular space With the burner ti and with the generator burner, and valves for governing the passage into the burner tip and the generator burner, each of said valves having a slotted cylindrical portion, substantially as described.

2. A hydrocarbon burner provided With passages for the fuel and gas, and a discharge nozzle, valves governing said passages, said burner being provided with a seat and a perforation through the wall of said burner, said perforation being cylindrical on the inside and tapering outwardly to the discharge nozzle, each of said valves having a screw-threaded portion, a reduced cylindrical portion adapted to fit against the valve seat, and a valve tip smaller than said reduced portion, said valve tip comprising a smooth, cylindrical portion next to said first named cylindrical portion, a hollowed out end, and a slot passing through the side and end of said tip, leaving an unobstructed cylindrical neck on said tip next to said first named cylindrical portion, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIS V. CASE, Sn. \Vitnesses:

R. M. PARKER, Gno. A. BYRNE.

Images