US970017A

US970017A - Gas-producer.

Info

Publication number: US970017A
Application number: US54186910A
Authority: US
Inventors: William B Chapman
Original assignee: WALTER B HOPPING
Current assignee: WALTER B HOPPING
Priority date: 1910-02-03
Filing date: 1910-02-03
Publication date: 1910-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 1927-09-13

Description

W. B. CHAPMAN. v

@As rnonnonn. APPLIOATIOF FILED AUG. 1| 1900. BBNEWED FEB. 8, 1010.

` Patentd Sept. 13, 1910. l a annua-aum 1.

o 55 f 5f 4a w/TNESSES /NvENron W C Myy l 70 -M'zzlbmaaapian W www W. B. CHAPMAN.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1908. BENEWBD FEB. 3, 1910.

Patented :sepfv13,191o.l

8 EERSTE-SHEET 2.

W/TNESSES W. C. Wax/ ATTO/MEWl W. B. CHAPMAN.

l GAS PRODUCER. APPLICATION 111.1111 uw. 1, 190g. nnnnwnn rma. s, 1910.

970,017. Patented sep1.13,191o.

, a 511211184112111 a. 1Q 6. 9 Z

4Winnaar B. CHAPMAN,

0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 WALTER B. HOPPING, i

TRUSTEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

. GAS-PRODUCER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

Appication flied August 1, 1906, Serial No. 328,806. Renewed February 3, 1910. Serial No. 541,869.

To all whom tk may concer/n: v

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. CHAP- MAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in Gas-Producers,l of which t e following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same.

Primarily the object of my invention is to construct an automatically agitated Water cooled gas producer adapted to both power and heating purposes and which may be of either the up-draft or down-draft type.

It is further an object of my invention to provide in such a producer for the thorough agitation of the fuel and ashes, and this end l attain by constructing the producer of a number of circular super-imposed sections which are rotated diversely or oppositely to each other, and which carry peculiarly constructed water cooled agitating beams, causing the material in the producer to be thoroughly and continuously agitated, and insuring uniform combustion within the producer and uniform production of gas.

A further object of the invention is to improve the cooling system, and I effect this by constructing the sides of the body of the producer with inner and outer walls furnishing the water circulation space between them, arrange to receive the Water and permit it to overflow from one section to the other. The water thus circulating .through the various sections of the producer keeps the same at proper temperature, and prevents burning the iron Work. At the same time vapor isvformed from the cooling watei and this may be collected in an apron or hood which overhangs the upper part of the producer, from which hood the vapor is drawn with the air into the producer to supply tlie fuel with steam or moisture as will be understood.

tions and which are riveted or otherwise fastened to the inner walls of the producer.

These inner walls are braced against the correspondin outer walls by suitable webs or collars, which render the structure extremely firm and which may be cheaply and readily constructed and placed in position.

Other objects are involved looking to the improvement of the producer in various ways, and all features of my invention will be fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is now had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate as an example the preferred embodiment of my invention, and iii which diawings Figure lis a vertical section of a downdraft suction gas producer, constructed according to my invention; Fig. 2 is an irregular sectional plan view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 Fig. 3 is a cross section of the lower agitating beam; Fig. 4 is a cross section of one of the upper agitating beams; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken through an up-draft gas producer, constructed accordin to my invention; Fig. 6 is a cross section 0% the upper agitating beam on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a cross section of the intermediate agitating beam 'on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5; and Fig. 8 is a cross section of the lower or main agitating beam, on the line 8 8 of Fig. 5.

, Referring first to Figs. 1 to 4 illustratino the down-draft producer, it will be observed that the producer is constructed on a suitable foundation 10, in which is arranged a gas outlet duct 11.

12 indicates a manhole and closure by `which access may be gained to the interior of the duct 11 for the purpose of cleaning the same.

Erected on the foundation 10 is a water sealed ash pan 14, through the center of which the down-draft gas outlet flue 15 passes. This flue is constructed of lire brick or other refractory material, and is covered by a metallic colla-r 16, which extends from the upper part of the flue down to the bottom of the pan 14 to prevent the water from percolating through the fire brick, of which the flue 15 is formed. Erected on the bottom of the pan 14 are a number, preferably four, of pedestals 17. These' support an annular track orball race 18, on which the lower rotating section of the producer bears and by which the producer sections are supported'. The legs 17 are braced. against the walls of the pan by means of brackets 19, as. shown,

rlhe lower producer section is circular in form and is constructed of an inner metallic wall 20 andan outer metallic wall 21. These walls are held rigidly together, and' spaced from each other by annular ball races 22 and 23 of which the former is in the lower` part of the section and the latter in the ulpper part. The ball race 22 coacts with t annular track or race 18, and the inner wall 20 of the section extends downwardly inside ofthe race 18 and considerably below its upperedge, for the purpose of forming a water seal at the lower edge of the said lower section. Corres ondingly the upper ed e of the inner wal 2O is extended upwar ly to insure the maintenanceof a water seal at the upper edge of the section, and to preventl this seal from bein broken by the suction exerted through tle producer, all of which will fully appear hereinafter.

Extendin diametrically across the interior of the lower section of the producer is the lower or main agitating beam 24. This is shown in cross section in Fig. 3 andhas a wide fiat bottom, as shown, and inclining top walls. The width of this agitating beaml 24is suiiicient to cover the mouth of the iue 15, and serves not4 only to agitate the ash in the producer but to prevent the ash from entermg the gas outlet lflue. The agitating beam 24 in rotating with the lower producer section runs through the ash which is contained within this section, and

the inclined upper wall of the beam serves to produce an undulating'eifect on the ashes. The incline at the rear or following side of the agitating beam enables the ash to drop' gradually fromV the top of the beam and `revents the formation of a cavity or ocket ehind the beam, which cavity or poc et, if formed, would offer a free flow for the gases nd prevent uniform combustion of the uel.

25 indicates an ash plowrwhich operates over the bottom of thepan, and which, as

shown in Fig. 2, is disposed tangentially to the outlet flue 15, so that upon movement .of the plow through the pan the ashes are forced outward to and over the periphery thereof. This plow 25 is supported by two arms 26 and27 fastened respectively to the lower portion of the inner wall 20 of the lower producer` section and to the underside of the agitating beam 24. The ends of the beam 24 are ianged and riveted, or other- -wise fastened, to the inner wall 20 of the producer section. p

ySecured within the lower producer section respectively at the ends of the agitatv ing beam 24 are cast iron or otherwise constructed thimbles 28. These serve the double purpose of strengthening the producer ,section at the oint of its eolineition'- with the agit-ating eam, and also of formin continuations of they hollow beam, sai thimbles being provided with openintherein, .as shown inFig. 1, permitting t free circulationof water intoand through y the beam. g

4The intermediate producer section is located directly above the lower section, and is `formed of an inner wall 29 and an outer wall 30 similar to the

walls

20 and 21, 'excepting that the intermediate section is less in height and diameter than the lower section and the outer wall of the intermediate section lies in a plane intermediate the plane of the

walls

20 and 21, while the inner wall lies inside of the plane of the wall 20. The lower edge of the outer wall 30 of the intermediate section is provided with an annular .ball race 31 projecting downwardly therefrom and entering the space between the upper portions yof thewalls 20 and 21 in position to coact with the upper ball race 23 of the .lower section, thus rotatably mounting the intermediate section on the rotatable lower section. The upper ball race 23 of the lower section is formed with an orifice to provide the free circulation of water, and the lower section being full of water as indicatedv in Fig. 1 a water seal is formed lbetween the two sections. The up wardly extendededge of the inner wall 20 insures the 'maintenance of this seal, and

prevents the water being sucked up over `the vedge of the inner wall by the suction The inter-f mediate section is made water-tight at its exerted within the producer.

' thereof are bracedI firmly against each other by means of a ball race 33, and this, the

same as the race 23, is oriiced to permit the free circulation of water. l l The agitating beam 34 of the intermediate section is shown in Fig. 4 and is round in `cross section. Said beam, unlike the beam 24, is arranged on an incline so as more effectively to agitate the material within the producer.` At the point of this intermediate section the material is the incandescent coal, and the inclined beam 34 turning continuously through the same eifectually agitates the same, insurin thorough combustion and compact disposition of the fuel. The ends of the beam 34 are flanged, as shown, and riveted to the inner wall 29 of the intermediate section, vand within the intermediate section adjacentvrto the ends of said beam cast iron thimbles or collars 35 are arranged, which are similar in construction and pur pose to the collars 28. l

The upper section of the producer is shown as bein of greater height than the two lower sections, and is composed of an inner wall 36 and an outer wall 37. At their ,lower edges these walls are fastened to ether and a water-tight connection formed y an annular channel iron connection 38, and at the top the walls are fastened together by a similar section 39, but this section is oriliced at various points, as shown in Fig. 1, to enable the cooling water to circulate freely between the two

walls

36 and 37. The upper section of the producer is smaller in diameter than the intermediate section, the outer wall 37 occupyinga position intermediate the plane of the two

walls

29 and 30, while the inner wall 36 occupies a position inward of the plane of the wall 29. Said outer Wall 37 carries at its lower edge below the channel 38 an annular ball race`40, which projects into the lspace between the outer edges of the walls 29and 30 of the intermediate section, and coacts with the ball race 33 rotatably to mount the upper section of the producer.

41 indicates the agitating beam of the .upper section which is similar in cross section to the beam 34, and flanged at its ends to be fastened to the inner wall 36 as previously described. At the ends of the beam 41 in the space between the

walls

36 and 37 thimbles or collars 42 are arranged, and these are similar in form and construction to the

collars

28 and 35 previously described. The beam 41, like the beam 34, is arranged on an incline, and sweeps through the green coal which occupies the upper section of the pro ducer, thorouglly agitating the same and causing it to fed compactly toward the incandescent zone of fuel which is immediately below it.

43 indicates a charging floor which is constructed above the producer and supported independently thereof. Forming part of the supporting frame of this floor are two I-beams 44, and vthese support the top 45 of the roducer. Said top is constructed of cast iron and has a water pan on its top, the

same being formed by flanges 46 rising from the edge of the top. The under side of the top 45 is covered with fire brick, as indicated at 47, and preferably this is` secured to the top when the same is east in the mold. This is effected by placing the fire brick sections 47 in the bottom of the mold spaced apart before 'the metal is run into the same, and the metal when run into the mold is caused to fill and set between the fire brick sections thus permanently fastening them to the top. Said to is provided with barringdown openings w lich are covered by frustoconical shields 48, indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1, and over these shields are arranged cups 49 which with lthe water in the pan on the top of the producer form water seals preventing the escape ofgas through the openings. Said cups, however, may be readily" removed exposing the barring-down openings, so that a po er or other tool may be introduced into the producer to agitata the contents thereof, to remove clinkers, and

for like purposes. The'fuel is charged into the producer through an opening 50 in the top 45, and this opening is surrounded by a hopper 51' and commanded by a gate 52, which slides across the bottom of the opening and which is fitted with a level` 53 faciliinclination of the agitating beam 41. The

heated water overflows from the u per edo'e of the upper producer section own t e outer side of the wall 37 thereof, and into the space ,between the walls of the intermediate section. In thissection the water circulates as in the upper section and again overflows, entering the space between the walls of the lower section. From this section the water overflows into the pan 14,'and from this pan the waste water passes out through the outlet- 56 into a reservoir 57. The flow of water from this reservoir is controlled by a valve 58, and a screen 59 is arranged in the reservoir preventing foreign matter from collecting and clogging the outlet through the valve.

60 indicates a float of water borne in the reservoir 57, and to which is connected a rod 61 `which extends up to and is connected with an arm 62 on the stem of a butterfly or other form of valve 63. By means of this device 'the -position of the valve 63 may be varied to control the flow of water through the supply pipe 54. By adjustinvl the valve 58 so that a certain predeterminec At the same time a better effect in the generation of vapor is secured, and as this vapor rises from the sides of the producer it is collected in a flexible hood or apron 64 which depends from the charging floor 43 and envelops the upper' portion of the f. the producer, with its appurtenant parts, 1s

Asupported independently of the threev rtating producer sections. Y

The motion for rotating the producer sections is derived from a prime mover shaft 65, shown in cross section in Fig. l. To this shaft a worm 66 is secured, and said worm meshes with a worm wheel 67 fasytened to a vertical shaft 68 rotatably carried in bearing 69. At its top the shaft 68 is providedwith a collar 70 fastened thereto, and under this collar a pluralit of antifriction rings 71 are arranged. hese rings bear a ainst the' bottom of an oil reservolr 72 which is supported by the bearings 69, and in this manner axial movement of the shaft 68' is revented. Fastened to the shaft 68 are three

spur gear wheels

73, 74 and 75. The upper gear 73 meshes with an annular rack or spur gear 76 secured to the upperproducer section. The intermediate gear 74 meshes, as shown in Fig. 2, with an intermediate gear 77, which in turn meshes with an annular spur or rack 78 fastened to the intermediate producer section, in this manner imparting to said intermediate pro ducer section rotation in a direction opposite to that in which the upper section of the producer rotates. The lower gear meshes directly with an annular rack vor spur 79 fastenedv to the lower section of the producer, and hence drives the same in the same direction that the4 upper section is driven. It will thus be seen that rotary motion is imparted continuously to the three independentl revoluble producer sections, the to and ottom sections rotating in one directlon and the intermediate section rotating oppositely, thus causing the three agitating eams to turn continuously through the ash bed, the incandescent zone and the green fuel zone, thoroughly agitating the -contents 0f the producer and causing the same to burn uniformly and to lie compactly, so that blow-holes or chimneys will not be formed in the fuel to the detriment of the gas producing process, as will be fully understood by persons skilled in the art. l

In the operation of the producer, the fuel is charged into the same through the hopper and charging opening, and fire started in the usual way, suction being exerted through the conduit 11 and flue 15, drawing air and steam vapor into the top of the producer through the open space under theA top wall 45 thereof. The air and steam vapors top 45. Reference to Fig.

y the the result is uniform production of a high grade of producer gas such as may be advantageously employed for power. purposes. The water circulating through the producer keeps the temperature of the same suiiiciently low to prevent injury to the metallic parts, and lalso results in the generation of steam or vapor which is collected in-the hood 64 and drawn intothe producer with beneficial results, as will be understood from rior art. i

T e hoodl 64 is preferably made of flexible metal, such as a fabric, so that it may be lifted out of the way when desired, although it may be made of metal or other rigid material.

The outer walls of the three producer sections are vprovided with handholes to permit access to the interior for the purpose of cleaning the agitating beams 24, 34l and 41, and these manholes, in the case of the -lower section, are closed by cover plates 80,

and in the' case of the two upper sections f The up-draft producer shown in Figs. 5 to 8 Ihas three rotating

producer sections

82, 83 and 84, similar in general form and operation to the rotating sections; ofthe down-draft producer. The agtating beams 85, 86 and 87 of-'the up-.draft producer are shown in cross section in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The lower agita-ting beam is of a width sufficient to cover the ai'r and vapor supply nozzle 88 which enters the bottom of the producer through the ash`pan 89, and the upper 'walls of the beam 85 are inclined essentially the same as the beam 24 before described 4and for essentially the same purpose. The beam 86, 'as shown in Fig. 7, is of the same cross sectional form, but said beam is relatively small, and the beam 87 is lozenge shape in cross section, the purpose of this cross sectional formation being to bring aboutthorough undulatory'agit-ation of the material within the producer, insuring at the same time that this material closes together immediately after the beam passes, preventing the formation of the pockets before referred to. The three sections of this roducer are rotating the same as the sections of the down-draft produr, and the gearingv for eii'ecting this result is omitted from Fig. 5. A hood 90similar to the hood 64 is employed, this hood lsurrounding the upper part of the producer to collect the vapor' from the cooling water, and from this hood a conduit 91 runs communicatin with a supply conduit 92 at the bottom o the roducer which leads to the nozzle 88, an in this manner the necessary air and vapor are drawn into the lower part of the producer. 93 indicates the ash plow which sweeps over the bottom of the pan 89 for the purpose of throwing the ash outward, and which has a collar 94 loosely surrounding the nozzle 88. The outer end of the plow is held by an arm 95 which is fastened to the lower producer section 82, as shown in Fig. 5. The three rot-ary producer sect-

ions

82, 83 and 84, unlike the rotary sections of the down-draft producer, gradually increase in diameter upward from the bottom section, and the inner and outer walls of these sections are connected together by channel iron sections 96, which not only fasten the Walls together but carry cast iron ball races 97. lVith this construction should the ball races fracture connection between the walls of the producer sections will not be. disturbed, nor will leakage of the cooling water follow. The water is collected in the producer sections as it overflows from the section above by means of outwardly projecting ledges 98, and coal, ashes, etc., are prevented from falling into the water space of the producer sections by means of the outwardly bulged portions 99 of the inner walls of the producer sections, which outwardly bulged portions are water cooled, as shown, and overhang theedges of the upper and intermediate producer sections covering the same, so that coal and ashes cannot enter. These portions 99 extend continuously around the producer sections, and having sloping sides, as shown, avoid the formation of arches in the producer. and also avoid interfering with the operation of barring down or raking the producer. 100 indicates the charging Hoor which is sustained above the producer independently of the rotating sections. This floor carries a top 101 which is provided with charging means, and barring down holes similar to those shown in Fig. 1, and

' which for the purpose of simplicity of illustrat-ion have been omitted from Fig. 5. Sustained below they top 101 is a masonry cap 102, which extends downward to the upper edge of the upper section 84 and wehich has a channel iron 103' at its lower edge into which projects the upper edge of the inner wall of the section 84. The channel iron 103 carries a downwardly project-- `producer section havin walls, the inner Wall pro]ecting downwardly 28, 35 and 42 before described, and said

sections

82, 83 and 84 are provided with handholes and covers 106 also similar to the corresponding parts shown in Fig. 1.

The operation of the producer shown in Figs. 5 to 8 is similar to that of the downdraft producer shown in Figs. 1 to 4, and will, it is thou ht, be fully understood from the foregoing description.

Having thus described the preferred form walls, a hollow agitator beam extending across the producersection and fastened to the inner wall thereof, said beam communicating with the space between the walls of the section, and a hollow orifced bracing member fastened between the walls of the roducer section adjacent to the end of the earn.

3. A gas producer having a rotatable producer section with spaced inner and outer walls, a hollow agitator beam extending across the producer' section and fastened to the inner wall thereof, said beam communicating with the space between the walls of the section, a hollow orificed bracing member secured between the walls `of the producer section and communicating with the interior of the agitator beam,'the outer wall of the section having a manhole opposite the bracing member, and a cover for the manhole.

4. A gas producery having an annular track, a rotatable producer section having inner and outer walls, and a membcr.fas tened to and between said walls at the lower ortion thereof to seal the same and bearing on the track.

5. A gas producer having an ash pan, an annular track located therein, a rotatable inner and outer inside of the track below the upper edge of the pan, and a member fastened to and between the walls of said sectionlto seal the same and bearing on the track or race.

6. A gas producer having three super-imposed independentl rotatable sections,

lmeans for non-uni ormly rotating them,

and an agitator beam extending across each section.

7. A gas producer having a plurality of super-imposed independent y rotatable sections, means for non-uniformly rotating -to said projected walls and coacting with similar members on the adjacent sections.

9. A gas producer havinga plurality 'of super-imposed rotatable sections increasin in diameter, and each having inner and outer walls, the lower edges of the outer walls of the up er sections being rejected between the wa l-s of the lsections ielow to form a water seal and such lower edges being provided with supports for the-sections vto which they are attached.

4 10. A gas producer having a plurality of super-imposed rotatable sections increasing in diameter, each having inner and outer walls, the lower ed es of the outer walls of the up er sections eing projected' between the wa ls of the sections below to form a water seal, and bearing members fastened to said lower edges of the outer walls and coacting with similar members on the sections below.

I1. A gas producerhaving a an, a r0-` tatable producer section mounte over the same, an agitating beam carried by and 'extending across the said section, and a tangential plow moving over the bottom of the pan and attached to the side of the producer section and to the agitator beam.-

12. A gas producer section with spaced inner .and outer walls, a hollow agitator beam extending across; the producer section and-fastened to the -inner wall thereof, said beam communicating with the space between the walls of the section and a hollow bracing `member fastened between the walls of the producer section directly opposite the beam and communicating therewith.

13. A gas producer having a rotatable producer section with spaced inner ,and outer walls, a hollow agitator beam extending across the producer section and fastened to the inner wall thereof, said beam communicating with they space between the walls of the' sectionand a hollow bracing member' fastened between the walls of the producer section directly opposite the beam and communicating therewith, the outerv wall ofthe producer section having a manhole'opposite the hollow bracing member and a cover for l said manhole.

14. A gas producer havingan ash an, al

track sustained therein, superimpose rotatable producer sections, the lowermost of which is mounted on said track each proi reducer having a rotatable,

ducer section constructed ofl inner and outer walls spaced to form a water chamberand the sections having certain of their walls projected past or overlapping each other to orm waterseals between the sections, means for rotatably sustainin the sections one on.

f projected past or overlapping each other to orm waterseals between the sections, means for rotatably sustainlng `the sectlons one on the other, meansfor rotating the sections,

and hollow agitating beams extending across said sections Aand communicating with the water chambers thereof.

16. A gas roducer having a plurality or rotatable l bo y sections superimposed and directly contiguous to eachother and means for sustaining said sections the one by the l other.

16. A gas reducer having a plurality of rotatable b y sections directly contiguous to each other, means for sustaining the lower section and meansfor sustaining the upper section or sections directly on the section or sections below them.

18. A gas roducer having a plurality of rotatable bo y sections superimposed and directly contiguous toleach other, saidl Sections -each having inner Vand outer walls forming water chambers and means between such wallsof one section to be engaged by a projecting wall of a contiguous sect1on wherebyl to sustain said sections on each other. l

l19. A gas producer having a vertical water jacketed section of its wall revoluble around the central axis of the producer and a hollow agitator carried by said section and extending across the same from side to side and communicating `at its 4ends with the water jacket.

20. A as producer having a rotatable water coo ed section and a hollow agitating arm attached thereto and extending across the same from vside to side, said arm communicating at both ends with a water cooled section, for the purpose specified. 1

' 21. A gas producer having a plurality of superimposed rotary sections, means for causing a down draft in the producer, an

outlet flue at the bottom of the producer, means for rotatino` .the producer'sections non-uniformly, and an agitator carried by and extending across the bottom section and ,capping the outlet flue.

22. A gas producer having a plurality of superimposed rotary sections, Imeans for causing a down draft in the reducer, an outlet iue at the bottom of t e producer, means for rotating the producer sections non-uniformly and a horizontally disposed agitator carried by each section.

23. A gas producer having a plurality of superimposed rotary sections,l means for causing a down draft in the producer, an outlet flue at the bottom of the producer, means for rotating .the producer sections non-uniformly and a horizontally disposed agitator carried by each section, one of said agitators capping the outlet flue.

24. A gas (producer having a plurality of superimpose rotary sections, means causing a down draft in the producer, an outlet flue at the bottom of the producer, means for rotating the producer sections non-uniformly and a horizontall disposed a itator carried by each-section, t e agitator o the bottom section extending across the same from side to side and capping the outlet flue.

25. A gas producer having a plurality of superimposed independently rotatable sections, a gas outlet flue at .the bottom of the producer, an agitator carried by the upper producer section and a water cooled agitator carried by the bottom producer section, the latter agitator capping the outlet 'lue.

26. A gas producer having three superimposed relatively rotatable producer sections,

agitators carried by the two upper sections,

a Hue in the bottom of the producer and an agitator beam carried by the bottom producer.l section and capping the flue.

27. A gas producer having superimposed rotary sections and means for sustaming the upper section on the lower section.

28. A gas producer having superimposed rotary sections, means for sustaining the lower section on the base and means for sustaining the upper section on the lower section;

29. A gas producer having a rotatable producer section, with spaced -inner and outer walls, and a hollow agitator beam extending across the producer section from side to side and fastened at its ends to the inner wall thereof, said beam communicating at each end with the space between the walls of the section.

for l 30. A gas producer having a rotatable producer section, with spaced inner and outer walls, a hollow agitator beam extending across the producer section and fastened to the inner wall thereof, said beam communicating with the space between the walls of the section, the outer wall of 'the producer section having a manhole therein opposite the end of the beam, and a closure for the manhole.

31. A gas producer having a plurality of l rotary superimposed cylindric or non-tapering sections, said sections decreasing in di' ameter from one end to the other of the producer.

32. A gas producer having a plurality of rotary superimposed cylindrlc or non-tapering sections gradually decreasing in diameter from the lbase upward.

33. A gas producer having a series of superirnposed independent rotatable cylindric sections. decreasing in diameter from the base upward, means for creating a down 'draft in the producer and a water seal between said sections.

34. A gas producer having a plurality of rotary superimposed'sections radually decreasmg in diameter from the ase upward, each section being formed of outer and inner walls and a wall of one section being projected between the walls of the adjacent sections to form a seal.

35. A gas producer having a plurality of rotary superimposed sections of varying diameter each section being formed of inner and outer walls, a wall of one section being projected between the walls of the adjacent section to form a seal and means for rotatably mounting one section on the other.

36. A gas producer having a plurality of rotary superimposed sections radually decreaslng in diameter from the ase upward, each section being formed of outer and inner walls, a wall of one section being projected lbetween the walls of the adjacent sections toform a seal, and means for rotatably mountlng one section on the other.

WILLIAM B. CHAPMAN.

Witnesses:

ISAAC B. OwaNs, E. I. MCLAUGHLIN.