US969940A

US969940A - Apparatus for actuating liquids.

Info

Publication number: US969940A
Application number: US54116010A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rudolph Conrader
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-01-31
Filing date: 1910-01-31
Publication date: 1910-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 1927-09-13

Description

R. CONRADER. APPARATUS FOR AGTUATING LIQUIDS. APPLIoATloN FILED 00T. 2, 190s. RENEWBD 11111.31, 1910.

969,940. Patented Sept. 13,1910.

8 SH ETS-SHEET 1.

ge. MM

B.. GONRADER. APPARATUS POR GTUATING LIQUIDS. APPLIUATION FILED 001.2, 1903. RBNBWBD 11111.31, 1910.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@f hel Ru CUNRADER. APPARATUS FOR AGTUTING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED 0012, 1903. RENBWBD mmm, 1910.

Patfanted Septi 13, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.fllnlll D R. CONRADER. APPARATUS PoR AGTUATING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2, 1903. RENEWED JAB. 31, 1910. 969,940, atented Sept. l3, 1910.

R. UONRADER. APPARATUS FOR AGTUTING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2, 1903. RENEWED 11111.31, 1910.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

R. GONRADER. APPARATUS PoR AeTuAzANe LIQUIDS. APILIOATION FILED 00T. 2, 1903. I RENEWED JAN.31, 1910. 969,94()l v l Patented Sept. 13, 1910..

8 SHEETS-SHBET 6.

v )f @Kmme 314mm Oz l. fa/ff- @Him/mm3 R. CONRADBR. APPARATUS POR AGTUATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2, 1903. RENEWED JAN. 31, 1910.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

o] n vc v1. fof, I I (Zu'rudr /fZ ffm( R. CONRADER. APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING LIQUIDVS. APPLIOATION FILED 00T. z, 1903. BENEWED JAN. 31, 1910.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

Witwe/.mao

RUDLPH CQNRADER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVAIA.

APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

Application filed October 2, 1903, Serial No; 175,429. Renewed January 31, 1910. Serial No. 541,160;

A will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

The invention isparticularly adapted for raising liquids from wells, especially deep wells. In these wells itis often desirable to maintain a certain level in the well, that is, to have the liquid raised from it as it A accumulates automatically. I have shown an apparatus for doing this in my prior application filed Dec. 17, 1902, #136,431, but in that apparatus the valve mechanism controlling the actuating fluid is located in the well. It is for some reasons `desirableto locate the valve controlling mechanism without the well and in the present application the valve controlling mechanisms are arranged without the well, but are automatically controlled by the liquid in the well so as to effect a pumping action with a certain level of liquid. It is also desirable, es`

pecially where there are groups of wells to be ableto control them from some one central station. The present application also has mechanism whereby the pump may be thrown into action from a central station,

remote from the pump, and thus operated arbitrarily at the will of the operator. The present apparatus also has means for sounding or indicating when a charge of fluid is being raised and also for registering the number of charges raised.

In the pumping of oil wells it is desirable to maintain a fixed pressure upon the well so that thelevel 'of liquid may be somewhat reduced over that admitted to the pump, and also to get a more uniform flow of liquid from the surrounding strata. TheA present a plication has means for accomplishing these purposes.

The apparatus ]ust hereinbefore enumen ated comprise some of the features of my invention, and also 'contain numerous structural improvements as will appear more 'ranged the pump chamber B. It is tfuillly from the specification, claims and de- The invention is illustrated in the-accompanying drawings as follows Figure 1 is a sectional view of a well with my apparatus installed therein. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 in Figs. 3, and

f 10, it being a central, longitudinal section through the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2. Fig. 4, a-section on the line 4 4 in said Fig. 2. Fig. 5, a section on the line 5 5 in sald Fig. 2. Fig. 6, a section on the line 6 6 in said Fig. 2. Fig. 7, a section on the line 7 7 in said Fig. 2. Fig. 8 shows a section on the line 8 8 .in Fig. 10, it being a section of the air or actuating iuid mechanism. Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 2. Fig.

8. Fig. 11 shows a section on the line 1 1 11 in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 'is a sectional view of an air by-pass, the 'operating valve kl0 shows a section on the line`10-10 in Fig.

being in the eduction tube. Fig. 13 shows a sectional view of the casing head and adjacent mechanism. 'Fig. 14, a section on` the line 11-14 in Fig. 13. 15 shows a sectional view of the air controlling valve. Fig. 16, a sectional lview illustrating the mechanism for cutting oft' the air at the completion of an operation. Fig. 17 is a plan view of vsome of the mechamsm shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a plan view' of the indicating and manual operating mechanism. Fig. 19 shows a section on the line 19-19 in Fig. 18. Fig. 20, a section on the line 20 2O in' F ig. 18.

As before stated the invention is particularly adapted for raising liquids from deep Wells, and is so illustrated and described. In some of the features the application is limited to this adaptation, but in many others it isnot so limited or so intended to be. The invention as shown is applied to an apparatus wherein the liquid is forced through a lift by a following action of an actuating iuid. In this respect also the invention isin some respects limited to. such an apparatus, but in many others it is not so limited nor intended to be. y i

A marks the well and in this well is arprovided with the usual perforated tube B through which the oilenters. The ypump .chamber -is preferably formed of an ordi.-

nary piece of tubing or pipe. Arranged in the bo'ttom of the pump chamber are the check valves b b. These operate in the usual manner and preventa back flow of liquid from pump chamber. The apparatus here shown is adapted to use air as actuating fluid, and in describing the apparatus I refer to air as the actuating Huid although other gases may be used. The air enters the pump chamber through the pipe C and the liquid is forced through the pipeD (see Figs. 1,2, 8 and ll). The eduction tube Dextends to near the bottom of the chamber so that as liquid is forced from the chamber by air the chamber will be pract-ically emptied. The end of the air tube is provided with a check valve c. This check valve is provided with a stem 0 which is operated upon by the spring c2. This check valve is important in that i't prevents the liquid from the well entering the air tube, and in this way increasing the charge which must be lifted. In the apparatus as here shown the liquid is raised by a following action of the air which is driven through the entire length of the eduction tube to the surface, the air following itin direct contac't, and forcing this action. It it manifest that the air of given pressure will only lift a given column of liquid. As it is desirable to operate these apparatuses with as low air pressure as possible a column of liquid which must be raised by the air pressure is equal to the amount of liquid in the chamber and eduction tube, and if the air tube were left open there would be a column of liquid in the air tube. This would require pressure so much above what is necessary to operate the device normally as to be objectionable.

The valve mechanism for turning on the air is at the top of the well. It has electric connection with the pump chamber so that when the liquid in the pump chamber reaches a certain level the electric circuit is grounded or closed and the pump valveV mechanism actuated to turn on a charge of air. This electrical connection is formed through the wire E (see Fig. 1'). It is connected with a spring contact finger'e, the other member of the connector e being directly connected with the pump chamber so as to ground the circuit. The wire E passes through an insulating material e3 and this is incased in a lead tube e4. The lower end of the lead tube is flanged and a washer e5 of insulating material is arranged around the end of the insulating material e?. These are placed inthe gland e9 and the follower e6 is screwed into' the gland against the backing formed by the packing eand` flanges on the tubes e4 thus not only completely insulating'the wire, but also forming an air tight joint for preventing the escape of air from the chamber. The upper end of the follower es is beveled at e7 and a beveled nut es is secured from the chamber.

on the follower against this beveled surface,

thus forcing it, against the lead tube, so contacting the insulating material and sc curing it as to prevent a rupture of said material.

A float B2 is arranged in the case b. Perforations b2 at the top and bottom of the Icase permit the ingress and egress of liquid The upper end of the ioat is provided with a valve b3, which is arranged to operate upon the seat b5 to close a passage b extendingv from the upper end of the case to the eduction tube D. The upper end of the float is also provided with a contact post b4, which is adapted to enter between the spring lingers e-e 0f the ,switch so that when'the liquid in the pump chamber reaches a given level the float actuates the valve b3 and post b4 so as to close the passage b as well as the electrical circuit. The passage bf and the valve b3 fulfil two purposes. The opening through the passage be permits the free inflow of liquid and avoids trapping air in the chamber; and secondly if there is too great a height of liquid in the tube D to permit lifting the charge with a normal pressure in the combined tube and chamber, the passage b will, under these circumstances, form a by-pass so that the air may force the liquid out of the tube D leaving the chamber full and then in a second operation empty the chamber. The operation of this part for accomplishing this is as follows: When the valve b3 is seated and the electric circuit closed air is turned on in the chamber, and the frictional resist-ance of liquid on the tube D from the bottom of the tube D to the passage be is suiiicient to make the pressure on thel upper part -of the valve b3 materially less than the direct pressure on the lower part of the valve b3, so that the valve b3, in a normal operation of the device, that is so long as there is a continuous movement of the liquid through the tube D, remains on its seat until the liquid in the tube D passes the passage 1) when the pressure on both sides of the valve b3 immediately becomes practically balanced, so that the valve with the float drops and air passes not only through the bottom of the tube D but by way of the passagev be. When however the column of liquid in the tube D is so great that it balances the air pressure or substantially bal'- ances the air pressure before the chamber B is emptied, the liquid in the tube D will come 'to a standstill. As soon as this happens the frictional resistance will disappear, and the pressure will be balancedl on both sides of the valve b3, so that air will pass through the passage 66, and lift that part of the column above the passage 66. The second operation will take what remains in the chamber so that by this device the blocking of the mechanism by an excessive column in the tube D is to this extent prevented. It becomes desirable to have additional means for taking care of the rise of liquid in the eduction tube, and I have provided such means. In Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9 I illustrate one of said devices as follows: A valve casing F forms one of the couplings for the tubes C and D. The eduction tube simply passes through this casing. The air tube C enters the chamber f2 from which there is a passage f leading to a by-pass f. The bypass j' extends into the eduction tube. The chamber f2 entirely surrounds this by-pass f. The body of the chamber is deflected in order to get it nearer the center of the apparatus as clearly shown in Figs. .2 and 3. This is important in view of the fact that this apparatus in practice-must be installed in a very limited spaceas itis desirable to have the chamber f2 sufficiently large to permit the free movement of air by the by-pass f. A valve f4 is arranged to control the passage f. It is mounted in a guide f3 arranged in the chamber f2. A stem f5 extends from the valve to the top ofthe well. The upper end of the stem is provided with a spool f A(see Figs. 1 and 13), the stem passing through a stuffing box F. The

. lever F2 is fulcrumed on the arm F3 extending. from the stung box. If it is found that the column of liquid is so high as to requirethe utilization of the by-pass f the lever F2 is operated thus raising the valve f4. This permits the air to pass through the by-pass f and. lifts only the liquid above the by-pass f, the liquid below this remaining in the well. After the liquid has been raised from the entire eduction tube the 4apparatus will operate automatically to prevent anything more than the filling of the chamber, so long as the air and current remain turned on. One of the features of this apparatus is that practicallyall the operating mechanism is arranged without the well, so that it may readily be repaired if it should get out of order. The valve f4 is made of such size as to pass through the tube C..v Should itz get out of` order', it with its stem may be raised through the tube C to the top of the well. In order that a second cutting volf or by-pass may beoperated I arrange a valve for controlling the passage of air into the eduction tube in the line of the eduction tube (see Fig. 12). In this there is a casing G which is similar to the casing F. The air tube C passes through this casing. The eduction tube D passes into the chamber g2. A passage g extends from the chamber g2 into the by-pass g, and the-by-pass g extends into the air chamber. A valve Ag4 controls the passage g. It' is arranged in a guide g3 in the chamber g2. A rod g5 extends to the top of the well where it is arranged with the spool go. It asses through a stuiing box G. A lever (g2 is fulcrumed on the arm G3 and is arranged to operate the rod and consequently the valve. This valve g4 is smaller than the eduction tube so that it may be removed through the eduction tube. With these three points of cut oill the one at the top of the pump chamber through the passage b; the second through the casing F;

and a third through the casing Gr any ordii nary level of liquid may be taken care of.

. The pump is often two or three thousand feet from the surface. The strain on the pipe is of great importance as Well as the convenient method of handling. I have therefore arranged an apparatus in which the eduction tube and air tube may be of the same size pipe. This materially facilitates the installation and so equalizes the strains as to assure a proper suspension in the well. vThis arrangement also gives much better results than any apparatuses where the eduction tube is around the air tube, in that there is much less friction than where there is no frictional surface atn the center. The pipes are suspended from the head Q which is provided with plate The pipes havethe collars (see Fig. 13) C5 and D5 which rest on the packing C6 and DG securely sealing the well. The size of the air tube also insures a sufficient speed of the column to prevent any material A supported'and protected so that there is little danger of lthe insulation being injured in the installation.

The valve mechanisms which are arranged as above stated at the top of the well are illustrated in Figs. 15 and v16..

The wire E, lwhich is connected with the switch e e', passes through a coil L2 so that when the circuit is closed themagnet formed by the coils attracts the armature L. The armature is held away from the magnet by the spring L. A valve K, having the stem K' is controlled by the armature L. The valve K is arranged in a valve casing I. This valve casing has a passage 2, which is connected by a pipe H, with Vthe air pipes C. The valve K controls a small by-pass Air passes from the passagei through the passage and j* into a cylinder J. Here it operates a piston J the piston beingnormally forced to its upper position by a springJz. ,The valve y' is controlled by this piston through the stem j. The stem is provided with a web j?, so as to afford a passage around the stem into the cylinder. The valve j is considerablylarger than the valve kK and controls the larger passage 2.

As soon as the air enters through the passage 2 it passes upwardly through the passage 3 into a cylinder H2 in which there is a piston H. This piston operates upon the plunger 7L, and this plunger forces open the main air valve c5. lThis air valve is arranged in a body C and has a cylindrical stem c4 which is arranged in a cylinder or casing c3, and is normally held to its seat by the spring c6. From this mechanism it will be seen that as soon as the electric connection is formed through the action of the switch e e the air is turned on through the main air pipe C and remains on until closed by the followin mechanism. The air might be turned o by the reduction in pressure incident to the complete expulsion of the column of liquid. It is desirable however that the air be eut oif as soon as the front of the column reaches the surface. The air will not reduce in pressure as fast as the colu`mn will reduce in length due to its expulsion. The liquid passes into a receiver (see Fig. 16) and operates against a diaphragm al, the diaphragm being preferably provided with a delector d. A stem D2 extends from the diaphragm, and operates against the lever M. The lever M is fulcrumed on a post m attached to the receiver. A yoke M extends across t-he end of the lever, and 4is mounted on a screw M2. The screw has the opening M3 and is mounted on a pin M2 which extends into the'end of the lever. By this mechanism the screw may be readily turned or remain stationary on the lever. At the end of the yoke are arranged the springs M5 which are secured to the post M". The spring tension may be adjusted by the screw M2. A pipe N2 connects a pipe N2 with the air pipe throu h the pipe H. The pipe N2 is connecte with the upper end of the cylinder N2. A valve N controls the passage from the pipe to the cylinder. The stem n extends from said valve to the lever M. It is normally held to its seat by said lever, but when the lever M is raised through the action of the column of liquid on the diaphragm d the valve opens, thus connecting the cylinder N4 with the air supply. The lower end of the cylinder is connected with the atmosphere by a passage n2.' It has a valve passage n2 connecting itwith a by-pass N". This by-pass is connected by a pipev N8 with a pipe N9 (see Fig. 15), the pipe N9 passing to the lower end of the cylinder J, and the upper end of the cylinder H2. As soon as the a1r passes in the cylinder N2 it operates upon a piston N5 forcing saidpiston downwardly. The piston carries with 1t a valve n4 which closes the passage n2. At the same time it forces open the valve n.5 thus opening a passage n, the passage n being `between the 'lower end of the cylinder and the by-pass N7. The pipe N2 enters this part of the cylinder so that when the valve n is open there is a direct connection between the air supply by the passage n', pipe N2 and pipe N2 with the ends of the cylinder J and H2. This effects a balancing of pressure on the pistons J and H, and the springs J2 and c6 effect. a closure of the valves j and c5 so that the air is immediately cut olf. A vent i* allows the exhaust of air from the cylinders H2 and J and their connecting passages. As soon as the liquid and air cease passing through the receiver D the springs M5 draw the lever to its normal position thus closing the valve N. Air escapes through the vent n.6 and the spring n.7 forces the valve n2 to its seat and opens the valve n2. The air then exhausts from the lower end of the cylinder J and upper end of the cylinder H2 by way of the passage n2 and passage n3. This brings the parts to the normal position or position which they were before the operation just described and they remain in this position until liquid has entered the chamber, raising the float and closing the circuit through the switch, when this operation is repeate It will be noted that unless some other means is provided for exhausing the air than' the eduction tube all the air from the tube C must expand through the pump chamber and out the eduction tube. This makes quite an interval between the time the column has been discharged and the time that liquid begins to enter the pump chamber, the pressure in the chamber preventing the inflow of liquid. In order to facilitate the exhaust and thus get a greater capacity for the pump I have provided an auxiliary relief for the air tube. 1

The valve casing T has the diaphragm t with the usual valve passage. vThe valve T controls the passage. It has a stem t which operates in the socket in thevca t2. Below the valve is the stem t2 which extends through the casing and engages'the yoke t4.

The springs t5 extend from this yoke to a yoke t6. An adjusting screw t2 is arranged in this yoke. The screw is journaled on the pin t2. This pin isseeured to the cap. As the'air pressure goes in the valve T is closed against the spring. As soon as the air pres# sure is somewhat reduced the spring opens the valve andv thus affords an additional exhaust. The spring may be adjusted by the screw to operate at any pressure desired.

Inasmuch as the apparatus when operating normally discharges the same amount with each charge, the'amount of liquid expelled may be accurately gagedby determining the number of charges. It is. desirable therefore to record the number of discharges and to lindicate a discharge preferably at some point remote from the well. This is particularly true where there is a group of wells operating from a central station, some each time the circuit is closed through the` of them beingsome miles away. In a switch box O9 (see Figs. 1, 18, 19 and 20) 1 arrange a switch which is in the circuit formed by the wire E. The wire E is connected through a post 0I with one post O of the switch O. The opposite post O of the switch is connected through a wire o8 with the coil O4. The wire from the opposite end of the coil passes to the post 07, and from the post 07 to a battery or source of electrical power E (see Fig. l) from which it passes to the ground, this being preferably one .of the pipes as shown.v The armature O5 0perated by the coils is carried by a lever O, and this lever operates a counter O7, so' that action of the switch e e the counter is operated and thus registers the number of discharges. The lever O6 also closes the connection through a bell' so that each dis-` charge is indicated by the bell. This is accomplished as follows :*A contact post o extends in the path of the lever OG. The end of the lever O6 is connected by a wire o with one post of the bell (see Figs. 18 and 19). The post o is connected by the wire 0 with a post orand the post o3 of the valve is connected with the local battery 05 as shown in F ig. 1.

It becomes sometimes desirable to actuate the pumping apparatus arbitrarily from the pumping station. This is particularly true when anything happens to the operating mechanism inthe well. 1n such an event it may be desirable to continue the pumping action without pulling the pump. rThis may be accomplished by simply grounding the wire running into the well. rlhen by simply actuating the switch 0 through the action of the switch button 03 and rod G2, and the rod carrying the switch pin 0. Each time the current is turned on there will be one complete operation, and in order to get a Second operation properly it will be necessary to immediately turn ed the current, so that there may bev suilicient interval between the time the air goes od and the next charge tor the pump chamber to-ll.

1t is desirable to aord means oit appris' ing the operator when the well is pumped out. l have arranged such a device as clearly shown in Figs. 16 and 17. Aswitch post S is arranged on a clamp S on the air tube. Normally this clamp is swung around on-the air tube suciently to' hold the switch post S out or contact with the lever M. rlFhe main circuit of the wire E runs through this post S, the adjusting screw S2 being arranged to give the desired contact. its the current is turned on the lever M being in its normal osition, the circuit is closed so that the b l rings and so continues until the column strikes the diaphragm CZ the circuit then being opened through the action of the lever M and :remains cpan until the end of the column is passed o and the lever M returns to normal. lf the bell does not cease ringing in a reasonable time it will indicate the absence of a charge. As soon as the bell ceases to ring the current should y be turned od.

It is desirable that both operation of the well and pumping that the gas in the Well may be maintained at a uniform pressure. Some gas pressure forces a level of liquid in the pump chamber above that in the well, so that a lower level of liquid may be maintained if desired. It also gives a more uniform flow of oil through the strata. l accomplish this by sealing the casing head Q and casing Q. rEhe casing head is provided with the plate for supporting the pipes, and extending lrom the casing head thus sealed is a pipe g', which usually passes to a gas main, as shown. The pipe g passes into a valve g2. The valve disk g3 being of the plunger type has a hollow cylindrical stem g4 which extends into `a cylindrical casing g5. A spring g 'Y is arranged in the hollow stem, and is tensioned by a nut Q7. By the adjustment of the plunger nut the spring tension may be changed so as to make the normal pressure in the well anything desired to get the best results. The construction-ot the valve eliminates the pressure on the line and is the distinguishing feature in the operation or7 the valve in that it is practically balanced. As soon as the pressure in the well is sufficient to overcome the spring g the valve opens and remains open so long asv this pressure exceeds that desired. By this device the level o'liquid in the well may be kept uniform in as much as there will be a uinform elevation of liquid in the well..

'lhe valve mechanism is inclosed in a chamber P and the burner p connected by a pipe p with the well. 1n this way the valve mechanism can be kept Jfree from the ei'ect or cold.

. What 1 claim as new is 1. ln an apparatus tor actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating fluid for eiecting the more eiiiciency 1n through the litt; a connection with said chamber for actuating iiuid; mechanism ycontrolling said actuating tuid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; and devices actuated by the liquid in the well for controlling said mechanism so located. v

2. 1n an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber bya following action of thef actuating duid but may pass to the atmosphere through the lift; a connection with said' chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism cont-rolling said actuating fluid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; and electrical devices controlled by the liquid in the well for actuating said mechanism so located.

3. In an apparat-us for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating liquid through the lift; a connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating duid adapted to be located at a. distance remote from said chamber; and devices actuated by the liquid in thepump chamber for controlling said mechanism so located. Y

4. In an .apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a Well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating fluid through, the lift; a connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating fluid adapted to be located at a. distance remote from said chamber; and electric devices for controlling said mechanism arranged to be controlled by the liquid in said pump chamber.

In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid `from said chamber by a following laction of the actuating fluid through the lift; a check valve mechanism to prevent a back flow of fluid from the pump chamber; ya connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating Huid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; and electrical devices controlled bythe liquid in the well for actuating said mechanism so located.

6. In an apparatus foractuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveyingy liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating fluid through the lift; a check valve mechanism to prevent a back flow of fluid from the pump chamber; a connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating fluid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; and electrica-l devices controlled by the liquid in the well for actuating said mechanism so located.

7. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating Huid through the lift in contact with the liquid;

eeaece a connection wthi-said chamber for aetuatg ing fluid; mechanism controlling said actu, ating fluid in said connection adapted 4to be located at la distance remote from said chamber; electric devices comprising a switch arranged at a point remote from said mechanism forA controlling said mechanism and comprising an electric connection in the well arranged to be actuated by the liquid in the well.

8. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid; a connection with said chamber for actuating uid; mechanism controlling said actuating iuid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from Vsaid chamber; electric devices comprising a switch arranged at a point remote from said mechanism for controlling said mechanism vand comprising a connection in the well arranged to be actuated by liquid in the pump chamber.

9. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action Vof the actuating iiuid through the liftin contact with the liquid; a connection with said chamber for actuat\ ing fluid; mechanism controlling said actu-r ating fluid in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; electric devices for actuating said mechanism comprising a switch arranged at a point remote from said mechanism7 and also comprising a connection and switch in the pump chamber; and a float arranged in the pump chamber and arranged to actuate said switch.

l0. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be laced in a well; means for conveying liquld from said chamber by a following action #of t-he actuating fluid through the lift; a connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating fluid in said oonnection adapted to be located at a distance remote from' said chamber; devices actuated by the liquid in the well for controlling said mechanism to open said connection; and means actuated by the liquid lifted for closing said connection.

l11. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action of the actuating fluid through ti'ie lift; a connection with said chamber for actuating liuid; mechanism controlling said actuating fluid in said connection adapted-to 'be located at la distance remote from said chamber; electric devices controlled by the liquid in the well for actuating the mechanism so located to open the connection; and means actuated by the liquid lifted for closing said connection.

12. In an apparatus for actuating liquid by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquid, the combinat-ion of a pump chamber; means for conveying liquid from said pump chamber with a following action of the actuating fluid in contact with the liquid; a connection leading to said pump chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism for controlling thel actuating fluid in said connection; devices adapted to be operated from .points remote from said mechanism for coned to be operated from points remote from said mechanism for controlling said mechanism to open said connection; and mea-ns actuated by the liquid lifted for closing said connection.

14. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber adapted to be placed in a well; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection with said chamber for actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said actuating fluid-,in said connection adapted to be located at a distance remote from said chamber; devices adapted to be operated from a pointremote from said mechanism for controlling said mechanism to open said connection; means actuated by the liquid lifted for closing said connection; and means aci tuated by the liquid in the well for automatically effecting an opening of .said connection after said 4controlling devices have been operated.

15. In an apparatus for' actuating liquids in charges by a following action of an actuatin fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid; of a signaling device for signaling each charge; and a registering device for registering each charge; and means for actuating said signaling device and registering device with each charge.

16. In an apparatus for actuating liquids in charges by a following action of an actuating iuid through the Iift in contact with the liquid; of asignaling device for signaling each charge; a registering device for registering'each charge Aand electrically op erated means for actuating said signaling device and registering device with each charge. v

17. In an apparatus for actuating liquids in charges by a following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid; a connection for supplying actuating fluid; mechanism for controlling said connection; a signaling device; a registering device; and means actuated by the liquid in the well for actuating said mechanism, signaling device and registering device.

18. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with said liquid, the combination of a connection fpr supplying actuating fluid; means for controlling said connection; a signaling device and a registering device arranged remote from said mechanism; and means for controlling said mechanism at said point remote vfrom said mechanism said registering and signaling devices being arranged to register and signal each charge.

19. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by direct contact of an actuating fluid with said liquid; the combination of a connection for supplying actuating fluid; mechanism for controlling said connection; means remote from said connection for coiitrollin said connection; devices actuated by the liquid in the well for controlling said inechanism after it is actuated by said means; and registering and signaling devices for registering andJ signaling each charge.

20. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift the combination with the pump chamber; the eduction tube extending to near the bottom thereof, said tube having a passage leading to the chamber near the top of the chamber; a valve controlling the passage; a float controlling the valve; and an electric switch actuated by said float.

21. In an apparatus for actuating liquids'E by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with t-he liquid through the lift; the combination of a pump chamber; means for supplying actuating fluid to said chamber and for conveying actuated fluid fromA said chamber; and a by-pass arranged in the chamber 'for lifting liquid through the eduction tube independently of the liquid y chamber when the charge in the chamber and tube is excessive; means for automatically controlling said by-pass to effect the cutting o of the charge in the tube from that in the chamber when the charge is excessive.

23. In an apparatus for actuating liquid by a following action of an actuating liquid through the lift in contact with the liquid the combination with the eduction tube; and

means for automaticallyr cutting olf a portionof the charge when the tota-l charge is excessive.

24. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with a liquid through the lift, the combination of an eduction tube; a tube for supplying an actuating fluid arranged independently of the eduction tube; a by-pass between said tubes; a valve controlling said by-pass arranged in the tube for supplying actuating fluid said valve being of a size to permit of its introduction :fand removal through the tube in which it is arranged.

25. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of the actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combi tion of the eduction'tube; the actuating; uid tube; a by-pass between said tubes; and a 'check valve arranged in the eduction tube for controlling said by-pass.

26. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by' a following action of the actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination .of the eduction tube; the actuating fluid tube; a by-pass between said tubes; a check valve arranged in the eduction tube for controlling said by-pass; said valve being of a size to permit of its introduction and removal through the tube in which it is arranged.

27. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination of an eduction tube for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the fluid the combination of the eduction tube and a supply tube for' conveying actuating fluid; by-passes between said tube; a valve controlling one by-pass arranged in the supply tubes; and a valve for controlling another by-pass arranged in the eduction tube.

28. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination of an educt-ion tube for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the fluid the combination of the educt-ion tube and a supply tube; bypasses between said tubes; a valve arranged in the supply tube for controlling one bypass and a valve for controlling another by-pass arranged in the eduction tube, each valve being arranged to be introduced through the device in which itis arranged.

29. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination of an eduction tube for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the fluid the combination of the eduction tube and a supply tube forconveying actuating fluids; by-passes between said tubes; a valve controlling one by-pass arranged in the supply tube; and avalve for controlling another by-pass arranged in the eduction tube; a pump chamber; the eduction tube leading to near the .bottom of said chamber; said eduction tube having a bypass to near the top thereof of the chamber; and a valve controlling said by-pass at the chamber.

30. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination of an eduction tube for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating liuid through the lift in contact with the Huid the combination of the eduction tube and a supply tube for. conveying actuating fluid; by-passes between said tubes; a valve controlling one by-pass arranged in the supply tube; a valve for controlling another by-pass arranged in they eduction tube; a pump chamber, the eduction tube leading to near the bottom of said chamber, said eduction tube having a bypass to near the top of said chamber; and means for automatically controlling said bypass to the chamber to open said by-pass when there is an excessive charge in the tube and chamber. i

31. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the. lift the combination of an eduction tube D; a supply tube C; of a by-pass connection F having the by-pass f therein; the chamber f2, and a vvalve fruide f3 therein; the. passage f connecting the pass f and chamber f2; the valve f arranged to act in said valve guide to close the passage f, said valve being of a size to permit of its removal through the'supply pipe C.

32. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following .action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, ythe combination of the eduction tube D, supply tube C, by-pass connection G having the by-pass g, passage g', chamber g2 and valve guide therein; the valve g4 arranged to control the passage g', said valve being of a size to permit of its removal through the tube D. i

33. In an apparatus .for actuating liquids by a following action ofan actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination of an eduction tube and a tube for supplying actuating fluid, 4said tubes being of equal size and arranged side by side alonO the lift and suspended, the lower part of the tubes being sustained by Qthe upper part thereof.

34. In anapparatus for actuating liquids by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquid, the combination with the casing head; an eduction tube; a tube for actuating fluid, said tubes being suspended from the 4casing head; and a seal on the casing head on which said tubes are suspended for closing the openings for the tubes through the head.

35. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquid, the combination with the casing head; an eduction tube; a tube for actuating fluid, said tubes being suspended from the casin head, said tubesbeing equally tensione 36. In an apparatus for actuatin liquids by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquid, the combination with the casing head; an eduction tube; a tube for actuating fluid, said tubes being suspended from the casing head, said tubes being of equal size and equally tensioned.

37.A In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquidand with a following action of the actuating fluid through the lift the combination with the casing head; an eduction tube; a tube for actuating fluid said tubes being suspended from the casing head, said tubes being equally tensioned.

38. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid, the combination of an eduction tube; a tube for supplying actuating duid; and clamps for securing said tubes side by side along the lift.

39. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the following action of an actuating fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid, the combination of an eduction tube;

a tube for supplying actuating fluid; clamps for securing said tubes side by side along the lift; and a controlling wire secured by said clamps.

40. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by the following action of an actuatingV fluid through the lift in contact with the liquid, the combination of an eduction tube; a tube for supplying actuating fluid; clamps for securing said tubes side by side along the lift; and a controlling wire secured by said clampsv between the tubes.

41. In' an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combinationwith a `connection for supplying `actuating fluid; an eduction tube; mechanism controlling actuating fluid; a receiver arranged on the eduction tube, said receiver being' rovided with a diaphragm on which the liquid acts; and means actuated by 4the diaphragm for actuating said mechanism to cut o the actuating fluid.

l42. In" an apparatus for actuating liquids in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination with the eduction tube; of a connection for supplying actuating Huid; the valve c5 controlling the said connection; a motor controlling the said Valve; the valve j for controlling a supply of actuating fluid to said motor; a motor controlling said valve; an electrically actuated valve Koontrolling the valve J and a valve mechanism for supplying air to the opposite sides of the motors.

43. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination with the eduction tube; of a connection for supplying'actuating fluid; the valve c5 controlling the said connection; a motor controlling the said valye; the valve y' for controlling a supply to said motor; a motor controlling said valve; an electrically actuated valve K controlling the Valve j; and a valve mechanism for supplying air to .the opposite sides of the motors; said valve mechanism being controlled by liquids from the lift.

laln an apparatus for actuatin liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination with the eduction tube; or a connection for supplying actuating Huid; the valve c5 controlling the said connection; a valve controlling said connection; a motor. controlling said valve; a balancing connection with said motor, said connection eX- tending normally to the atmosphere; a Valve n4 controlling the said connection; and a valve a5 controlling a connection with the air supply; the motor actuating said valves; valve N controlling said motor; and means actuated by the liquid from the lift for coi'itrolling said valve.

45. ln an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination with the eduction tube; of a connection for su plying actuating Huid; the Valve c5 control ing the said connection; a motor controlling the said valve; the valve j for controlling a supply to said motor; a motor controlling said Valve; an electrically actuated Valve K controlling the Avalvej; a connection N8 extending to the opposite side of said motor, said connection extending normally to the atmosphere; the valve a4 controlling said connection; the valve' a5 controlling a connection to the air su ply; the motor N5 controlling said valjves; the Valve N controlling said motor;

and means actuated by liquid from the liftl for actuating -said Valye.

46. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuatin fluid in contact with the liquid through t e lift the combination of anleduction tube; a connection for supplying actuating uid; mechanism controlling said connection; a receiver on the eduction tube; a .diaphragm in said receiver; mechanism actuated by said diaphragm for closing ofl said connection; a spring opposing the action of the diaphragm; and means for adjusting said spring. y

47. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action o f an actuating fluid in contact Wit-h the liquid through the lift, the combination of an eduction tube; a connection for supplying actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said connection; means arranged at a point remote from said mechanism for controlling said mechanism; `a signaling device arranged at said point; and means actuated by liquid as it reaches the discharge end of the lift for actuating said signal.

48. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by direct contact of an actuating fluid with the liquid, the combination With a valve mechanism for controlling the actuating fluid; an inclosure forsaid Valve mechanism; a gas connection between the well and said inclosure; and a burner on said connection arranged at said inelosure for the purpose described.

49. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, by a following action of an actuatmg fluid in contact with the liquid through the lit't, the combination with a .connection for supplying actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said connection and a relief Valve arranged on said connection, said relief valve being arranged to exhaust said connection at a predetermined pressure.

50. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating fluid in contact with the liquid through the lift, the combination With a pump chamber and connection for supplying actuating lluid; mechanism controlling said connection; a relief valve arranged on said connection, said relief valve heilig arranged to exhaust said connection at a predetermined pressure; and a check Valve on said supply connection to prevent a back flow from the chamber to the supply connection.

5l. In an apparatus for actuating liquids by a. following action of an actuating tluid- 1n contact with the liquid from the litt.; thc combination with a connection for supplying actuating fluid; mechanism controlling said connection; and a relief valve arranged on said connection, said relief valve being4 normally open to the atmosphere and adjusted to close at the pressureof actuating fluid and to open when the pressure in the connection has reached a predetermined lower pressure.

52. ln an apparatus for actuating liquids by a following action of an actuating tluid in contact with the liquid from the litt. the. combination with a connection for supplying actuating liuid; mechanism controlling said connection; and a relief Valve arranged on said connection, said relief valve being normally open to the atmosphere and adjusted to close at the pressure of actuating tluid and to open when the pressure in the connection has reached a predetermined lower pressure; and means for adjusting said valve to open at different pressures.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RUDOLPH CON BADER.

vWitnesses H. C. LORD, M. C. SULLivAN.