US966897A - Central-energy alarm system. - Google Patents

Description

J. G. FR'ANGIS- GENTRAL ENERGY ALARM SYSTEM.

APPLIUATION FILED NOV. 12, 1906.

Patented Aug. 9, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET WIITNESSES:

INVENTOR JOHN C FRANCIS.

ATTQRNEY J. 0. FRANCIS.

CENTRAL ENERGY ALARM SYSTEM. I APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1906. 966,897. 1 Patented Aug. 9, 1910.

2 SHEETS-$113111 2.

- side elevation of the transmitter.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN C. FRANCIS, OF WEST NEW YORK, NEW J'ERSEYgASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- JYIENTS, TO.'.UNITED ELECTRIC PROTECTION COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CENTRAL-ENERGY ALARM SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern. 1 Be it known that I, JOHN C. FRANoIs, a citizen of the United States of Alnerica,

and a resident of West New York, Hudson a given station, impulses transmitted from,

a distant station, or stations. Such systems as ordinarily constructed include a metallic line circuit, a transmitting device, and a tively distant stations. 'When an abnormal disturbance of electrical conditions occurs on the efl'ect of said disturbance upon the operation of the translating device by the transmittingdevice shall he neutralized.

lln the accompanying drawingsFigure 1 is an electrical diagram wherein the various parts of the apparatus are conventionally and symbolically represented. Fig. 2 is a 2. Fig. 4 shows the construction of a man ually operated circuit closer for connecting the wires a 1).

indicate like parts.

' The source of current which is grounded may be any source, and is here represented by the conventional symbol of a primary battery. For convenience in identifying the location of an abnormal disturbance on the circuit, the conductors are herein considered as in four sections, namely, wire aand wire 6 which include the line extending between the stations, and wire a and wire I) at the distant or local station. i

it will first describe the principal devices associated in the circuit.

Magnet B operates to open and close circuit through magnet C. As here shown, it is normally energized by the small current on the circuit, and when denergized it Fig. 31s.

Speeification'of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 9 1910,, Application filed November 12, 1906. Serial No. 342,961.

closes circuit through magnet C which in turn controls the opening and closing of the line or metallic circuit.

' Magnets D and E control the signal indicating mechanism at the central or home station. Under normal conditions both operate simultaneously. In case of an abnormal disturbance occurring on the circuit, one or the other operates in accordance With the location of said disturbance. Magnets D, E and F are normally denergized and of sufiiciently low resistance not to be operated by e the normal current decreased by the high resistance of magnet 1.

translating device usually for indicating sig- I nals, which devices may be located at rela- Magnet F is a neutral Wound relay. When both of its coils are energized it does not act, but becomes operative only when one coil is energized. ltts chief function is to bring an additional resistance into the line upon the occurrence of a ground, in order to avoid such a loss of current from bat- .tery to ground, as would not leave sufficient current to energize magnets D or F when signals are transmitted from the distant station.

Magnet G is a pole-changer, and operates to keep the wire a at-the local. station always connected to the non-grounded pole of the battery.

Magnets H and H operate through two successive steps to release the mechanism of I Wheel M to permit said Wheel to be rotated by its spring, and so to act as a transmitter of current impulses.

Mtagnet I has a coil of high resistance and is normally energized. When deenergized it operates to close certain circuits at the local Similarnumbers and letters of reference station which, when the thermostat or hand actuated devices operate, convey currents to magnets H H to release the transmitter wheel M.

The means for automatically setting the transmitter wheel M in operation may be any suitably operated signal initiating instruments. In Fig. 4, I show a manually operated device for the purpose, and in Fig. 5, I have indicated thermostats located between the local Wires 0:, b. i

The indicating mechanism at the home or central station is here embodied in the glow lamps E B, F, BQU. Lamp 0 is the normal signal lamp. which receives signals from transmitter Wheel M. Lamp B indicates a break or a ground' on the line. Lamp F indicates a ground on either wire a or b. Lamp D indicates a ound on wire a. Lamp E indicates a ground on wire I).

Magnet J is a relay and repeats the signals given by lamp to a third station.

Magnet K is in relay circuit with magnet J and normally energized. When this circuit is broken by magnet J, another local circuit is closed at L to sound an alarm bell and make a record on a tape at said third station.

' I will now trace the metallic line circuit.

The metallic. line circuit proceeds as follows: from battery, to magnet D, one coil of magnet F, contact 18, switch lever of magnet F, wire a, contact 21, to armature of magnet G, wire a, one pair of the brushes controlled by cam N, magnet H around the loop of a, magnet I, contact 15, loop of b,

the other pair of brushes controlled by cam N, contact 19, magnet Gr, wire I), contact 17 switch lever of magnet 'F, the other coil of magnet F, magnet E, contact 9, and magnet B to battery. The normally open brushes controlled by transmitter wheel M extend respectively from wire a and wire bf, and when closed by wheel M bridge the circuit.

There are also the following connections:

A normally open conneetion'anol controlling switch at the home station-This connection extends from point Z on wire a near battery to point 10. The magnet C controls a pivoted switch lever' to establish contact at either point 9 or point 10. p

A normally open ground connection anal means for closing same at the local or distant station-This connection proceeds from the pivot of switch lever controlled by magnet C, to magnet E,-one coil of magnet E,

wire I), and to one of the two contact brushes vcontrolled by wheel M. Said wheel is grounded through its journal bearingsat G From the other of said brushes the connection proceeds to wire a, contact 21, wire a, contact 18, the other coil of magnet F, magnet D and battery. This ground connection when the transmitter wheel is at rest is normally open. When the wheel'is set in rotation by a wound spring or in any other suitable way, it causes the brushes to make and break contact the usual manner to intermittently open and close circuit to ground G By suitably constructing the wheel to make certain definite makes and breaks in the circuit, the device becomes a transmitter of signals from the distant to the central station.

{in indicating apparatus for the transmatted signala-This may be of any suitable construction capable of giving audible or visible slgnals when impulses are transmitted. In the present embodiment of my invention it includes the magnets D, E, and

the glow lamps controlled thereby through connections which will be explained in detail hereafter.

' For signaling under normal conditions the operator at the local or distant station may release the transmitter Wheel M by means of a manually controlled device, or the same may be released by the agency of a thermostat.

For the purpose of overcoming the effect of an abnormal disturbance on the circuit, such as is due to a break, a crossing or a ground, the following connections are also provided:

Means actuated ,by abnormal disturbance on the circuit for operating magnet U. Upon theoccurrence of the disturbance, such as a break, the magnet B becomes deenergized, and the pivoted switch lever controlled by said tnagnet beingletracted closes contact at 2. This closes the following path. From battery to Y, magnet C to switch lever controlled by magnet F, point 6', contact 8, switch lever controlled by net E, contact 2, switch lever controlled by magnet B, which lever is connected, at 1, back to battery. By reason of the deenergizing of magnet B and the energizin of magnet C, two leads both proceeding rom the non-grounded. pole of the battery be-' come established, through one of which, de-

pending upon the location of the disturbance in the line, circuit may be closed by' the transmitter M to operate the associated si nal indicating device. Thus assume the a%- normal disturbance to be due to a break occurring in wire'a or wire a (as, for example, in the wire a). Two leads are then established from the non-grounded pole of the battery: one of them dead, because end-- contact 17, wire I), magnet Gr, contact 19,

ing at the break, the other live, because a current may be closed through it to ground G by the transmitter M. The dead lead terminating at the break will roceed from battery by wire a, to magnet to one coil of magnet F to contact 18. and to break. The live lead will proceed from battery to Z, to contact 10 to wire I) to magnet E, to one coil of magnet F to contact 17, wire b, magnet G, point 19, wire I), brush of wheel M and to ground G3 when said wheel in rotating closes circuit to ground. Hence, by reason of the break in wire a, conditions are established whereby the magnets E and F both become responsive to signals from transmitter M and correspondingly-control the signal indicating means at the home or central station. If, on the other hand, the

break occurs in wire I) or wire I) (as, for

example, in wire b), then the dead lead will proceed from battery to Z, to contact 10, to wire 6 to magnet E to one coil of ma et F to contact 17 and to break. The live cad will proceed from battery to wire a to magnet D to one coil of magnet F to contact 18, wire a, point 21 to brush of wheel-M and to ground G when said wheel in rotating, closes circuit to ground. Hence, by reason of the break 111' wire 6 the magnet D responds to the signals from transmitter M and correspondingly controls the signal indicating means. If instead of being due to a break th abnormal disturbance is caused by a ground,

ma'gnet G, point 19, Wire b brush of wheel M and to ground G when said wheel in rotating closes circuit to ground; It is to be noted that this live lead is the same as that I established when a similarly situated break occurs, with these differences. The relay magnet F is no longer neutral, and as it attracts its switch lever, circuit is broken at the contacts-18, 17 and 6, and closed at 11. The current path is then from battery to magnet C, connection 7, contact 11, contact 12, switch lever of magnet D to connection 4: to contact 2, switch lever of magnet 13, connection 1 and so to battery. The resistances R R are no longer shunted. The resistance R in the impaired lead cuts down the loss of current on that lead, so that suffioient current is caused to. flow in the live lead to operate the mechanism. The resist ance R in the live lead now performs no function, but as it is Very small compared to the wholeresistance on that lead, it does no harm.

Assume the ground to occur in wire 6.

The impaired lead is then from battery to Z,.contact- 10, wire I), magnet E to one coil of magnetF ,to resistance R to ground, and

, so back to grounded pole of battery. The

live lead is from battery to wire a, magnet D, to one coil of magnet F, resistance lit, wire a, point 21, to brush of wheel M and to ground G when said wheel in rotating closes circuit to ground. The resistance conditions are the converse of those already Z), magnets D and E are energized so that stated. It is evident also that one of these' leads, as before, includes the magnet D, and the other, the magnet E, and that current beingestablished through one of saidleads actuates either the magnet 'D or E, and hence the indicating means associated with, said magnet. I

In the case of a cross between wire a and they cannot respond to impulses from wheel M. The magnet T at the local station being denergized, closes contacts 15., 16, thus grounding wire I) at G As a consequence of the ground at the battery and at G ,"'magnets E and B will fail. The failing of B, as before, closes-circuit through (L-opening contact 9 and closing contact 10, thus forming two parallel leads, both impaired to the between a and b. Une lead is from battery to Z, to magnet D, one coil of magnet F,. contact 18, wire a, over the cross to wire' b magnet G, contact 20, wire a, to brush 0%, transmitter wheel M. The other lead pro-. ceeds from battery to Z, contact 10, magnet E, one coil of magnet F, contact 17, wire I), magnet G, contact 20, wire a and the same brush of wheel M. \Vhen the transmitter wheel is actuated the relays D, E and F all respond in unison.

The circuit at the distant station includes the wire a and b and may be considered as beginning at the switch lever of magnet G and ending at contact 19.. In this circuit,

the non-grounded' pole of the battery.

The high resistance coil on magnet I re- 'extent of being tied together by the cross duces the current on the whole circuit sutfimuch as to prevent the efiicient energizing of magnet B. I

I will assume that there are to be several points at the local station from which the system may be set in operation, either by hand or automatically. To this end, in Fig. 1 I show the wires a and b in the form of elliptical loops, the loop of a surrounding the loop of b. Across these loops I show, diagrammatically a number of circuit'closing thermostats, or I may use a device such as shown in Fig. 1 and described hereafter in detail. When a crossing is effected between the loops of a and b either by a thermostat or by the hand device, magnet T is deenergized, thereby opening'contact 15 and closmgcontacts 16 and 14. Current then-proceeds from switch lever of magnet G to point X,'to magnet H, loop of a, and to the circuit closer at the crossing; and also 'is now operated to break the circuit on wire a at the point of connectionon said line.

- That deenergizes magnets H .and H and as a result the transmitter wheel is released, so that it can be rotated by its spriiig to send current impulses over the line.

The above-described operation ofthe art of the circuit at the local station, inclu ing wires c and 6', applies to all conditions transmitted by wheel M.

The lamp This is controlled by magnets D, E and F. The system being in normal condition the first closing of circuit to ground by wheel M, denergizes magnet B, which closes circuit through magnet O to produce the parallel leads already described. Magnets D, E and F are then energized.

The switch levers of D, E, F are thus operated to close contact 26 at D, 25 at E, and 24 at F. The local circuit here shown as including an additional battery proceeds as follows: from battery to switch lever of magnet E, to contact 25, to lamp 0 and back to local battery. Also from local battery tov switch lever of magnet'D, to contact 26, to lamp 0 and back to local battery. Also from local battery, to switch lever of magnet F, to contact 24, to lamp 0 and back to local battery. Hence the current impulses from wheel M vary the condition of the light of lamp 0, conformably to said matic device,

impulses, and so produce a predetermined visual signal.

' The lamp B is controlled as follows: Upon a break or ground occurring, magnet B fails, as already described. Its switch lever closes contact 28. The circuit then proceeds from local battery to switch lever of magnet B, to contact 28, to lamp B and back to local battery.

The lamp F is controlled as follows: Upon the occurrence of a ground on the line, the magnet F becomes energized, as already described, thus closing circuit at 23. The circuit then proceeds from local battery to switch lever of magnet F, to contact 23, to lamp F and back to local battery.

The lamp D is controlled as follows: A ground on line a energizes magnet D and closes contactat 27. The circuit then proceeds fromlocal battery to switch lever of magnetD to contact 27, to lamp D and back to local battery.

The lamp E is controlled as follows: A. ground on wire I) energizes magnet E and closes contact '29. The circuit roceeds from local battery to switch lever o magnet E to contact 29, to lamp E and back-to local battery.

The magnet J being bridged'across lamp O, repeats the impulses tomagnet K at another station with which it is in local circuit includin another battery. At said third stationt e signalsare audibly produced by a bell, and recorded byany suitable autoas indicated in the drawing, Flg. 1.

I have-shown a duplicate set of lamps and magnet J, to indicate that another main line circuit may be connected to the magnet K so that both systems will send in signals which will be rendered audible and recorded at one final station.

To prevent the respective switch levers of magnets D, E, F from closing their final stop contacts when energized by quick 1mpulses produced by wheel M, the movement of said levers may be retarded by fans D, E or F on said levers.

I will now describe the transmitter at the local station H: I

H and H are the actuating magnets having armatures a and a which are pivoted at b and Z)*. The levers 0 and 0 which are attached to the armaturcs a and a carry the pawls cl cl and d at. These pawls engage in the ratchet wheels 0 and 0. The wheels 0 and c, and the lever 71. are fastened rigidly to the shaft The train of wheels 9 g and 9 have an escapement i which is normally locked by the lever It, and j is a stop which looks the movement when g has made one revolution. The normally open spring contactsic and k are connected respectively to each member of the circuit, and when the transmitter wheel M revolved, are alternately closed and opened. The normally closed spring contacts Z and Z and m m are operated by cam N to automatically open both members of the circuit between the transmitter and the house circuit while the transmitter is running, so thatany local circuit troubles cannot affect the transmission of fire signals. The knob and pointer p are for the purpose of resetting the lever it. When either of the magnets H or H or both together, receive an impulse of current, the ratchet wheel 0 will be moved one tooth, thus placing the lever 71. in the position shown by dotted lines it, and when either H or H, or both, become deenergized, the ratchet wheel 0 will be moved another tooth,which places the lever 71 in the position shown by dotted line 7L thus unlocking the escapement 2', and allowing the movement to trans mit the alarm by wheel M and springs and 70, connectedto wires a and 6 respectively.

Fig. 4 shows an actuating device for manually closing circuit across wires a, b, in which the terminals of wire (1 connect to springs f and a through lever B. The wire I) is attached to the spring g and continues on without opening the circuit. The operation of pulling down the hook of lever R first establishes the cross between f e and g and when the lever is pulled all the way down to meet stop 8, the cross is broken and a break in. wire a is opened between f and 6,

I claim: y 1. The combma'tion of a normally grounded current'source, a normally closed line cirsaid ground connection: said disturbance op teaser connection, a ground connection from line located between said switch and said nongrounded pole, means for controlling circuit to said ground connection, means actuated by an abnormal disturbance of electrical conditions on the circuit for operating said switch and signal indicating devices in circuit respectively located on opposite sides of erating said switch to close said first named normally open connection and break said line circuit, and thereby establishing .a current path around said disturbance to said ground connection, so that thereafter the subsequent controlling of circuit to said ground connection by said controlling means shall operate the indicating device in saidcurrent path.

grounded at one pole, a metallic circuit normally energized by said source,xa ground connect-ion for said circuit, a circuit closer in said ground connection, a translating de vice controlled by said circuit closer, and means operated by an abnormal disturbance of electrical conditions on the circuit for automatically neutralizing the effect of said disturbance upon the operation of said translating device by said circuit closer.

3. The combination of a grounded source of current, a linecircuit, signal indicating means, means actuated upon the occurrence of a ground on the line and by said ground for establishing current leads from the nongrounded pole of the source of current, one of said leads being connected through ground back to battery, and a transmitter operating through the other of saidleads to actuate said indicating means.

4. The combination of a grounded source of current, a line circuit, signal indicating means, means actuated upon the occurrence of a ground on the line and by said ground for establishing current leads from the nongrounded pole of the source of current, both of said leads being connected through ground back to battery, and a transmitter operating through one of said leads to actuat'esaid indicating means.

5. The combinatlon of a grounded source of current, a line circuit, signal indicating through said leads to actuate said indicating means. v

6. The combination of a grounded source of current, a line circuit, signal indicating means, means actuated upon the occurrence 2. The combination of a source of current of a crossing in the line and by said crossing for establishing current leads from the nongrounded pole of the source of current, and a transmitter for sending current impulses through said leads to actuate said indicating means. v

7. The combination of a source of current, a line circuit, signal indicating means, signal transmitting means located at a distant station, means operated by an abnormal disturbance of electrical conditions on the circuit for automatically restoring the electrical relations bet-ween said transmitting and receiving meanschanged by said disturbance, and, at said distant station, a polechanger for keeping the live leads of said current connected with the non-grounded pole of said current source.

8. The combination of a source of current grounded at one pole, a normally closed metallic circuit including said source, a translating device in said circuit, a ground connectionfrom said circuit, atransmitter in said ground connection, and means operated by an abnormal disturbance in the electrical conditions on said circuit .for establishing a new current lead around the disturbance point and from the non-groundedpole of said source to said transmitter.

9. The combination of a source of current grounded at one pole, a normally closed me tallic circuit including said source, a transthe non-grounded pole ofcsaid source to said transmitter.

10. The combination of a source of our rent grounded at one pole, a normally closed metallic circuit including said source, a trans' lating device in said circuit, a ground connection from said circuit, a transmitter in said ground connection, a normally open shunt across said metallic circuit, and means operated by an abnormal disturbance in the electrical conditions on said metallic circuit for opening said metallic circuit and closing circuit through said shunt from the non grounded pole of said source to said transmitter. a

11. The combination of a source of current, a metallic circuit normally energized thereby, a plurality of translating devices, and means operated by an abnormal d sturbance of electrical conditions on the c1rcuit for. establishing current leads including '1 combination of a same 61? curling said indicating devices Selectively t6 rent, a metallic circuit normally energized lndicate the character bf the disturbance; 10 thereby, atransmitter, a translating device Signed by me at New York city this tenth controlled by said transmitter, a plurality day of November, 1906;

of abnormal disturbance indicating devices, JOHN C. FRANCIS. and means operated by an abnormal dis- Witnesses: turbance of electrical conditions on the cir- SAMUEL W. BALCH,

cuit for establishing current leads control- HUGH H. SENIOR.

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