US963681A - Coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

' that i lle distillations -fromfthecoal during the -eoking ,recess are recovered and utilizedl in the iiorm .o-fta'r, ammonia, gas, ete Wheref heiteren@ they.; available .coal contains only .small percentages oli-byproducts, or where market conditions are' adverse, 'the recovery obyprodnctsironi the-coal during the coking process may 'notbe profitable. I n such. :t1-'case it maybe 'desirable to utilize the whole, 'or a portion of vthe gas resulting fitornthe coki'ng recess, for urnislnn -heat to the retorts wit out treatingit for t e byproducts, thereby simplifying the operation, .It is 4the object of my invention to provide means whereby the gases reduced from the cokingpogt such coals shalbe utilized' with the greatest economy and' eiicieney to furthe required heatfor the' coking process, and ati the same time to maintain a suitable pressure in the retorts.

My invention also comprises means for the even distribution of the gas' at required pressure in the ilues, irrespective of the I' so 40' pressure in the retorts, so that the retorts, I,

y the combustion of the gas in the combastion fines, shall bemantained at an even and properly distributed temperature.

My invention also comprises means in con neetlon with a plurality of retorts, for collooting and mixlng the gas from the several retorts, and distributin it to the combustion fines approximate sait retorts, and at the same time controlling the pressure in the -retorts and also at the burners. It is to be .understood that these retort coke ovens are .buil-t iii-blocks usually of about thirty or Afifty-'lzetorts These retorts being all open v connection -nvth -retort coke ovens means are usually 1 provided 'whereby the ansie] j etedftogethert.-.follows that `the differentl NV-'inn retorts 'are ain-:relatively dierent "stages of ffthe'Uriite-d States-resida i inedito '5, 1910.

'cokingr process, and "consequently glving foil' 'j gases-respectively fvarying in quantity and"` the' earlier stages of the coking proeessagreater 'amount of gas is distilled 2 a1 1dthe gas'is richer -in quality, while toward Y the latter. stagesof' the 'cking of a charge :of `'o oalthjegas givenuo' is poor in quality y "ancl'le'ss -`in quantity. Itis also to be noted that-1in.thefseveral .stages of the coking recess itis desirble et one time that more lea-tand atjanother time less heat should be communicated' to a retort. My invention comprises means for accumulating all thesev gases, mingling the same to maintain a substantielly constant standard of quantity and quality,1naintaning the same at a requiredor constant pressure with respect to the retorts, and delivering gas from this common supply t-o such points or as burner vents in the combustion fines of t e various retorts and at such pressure, independent of the pressure of the retorts, as may be necessary to secure the best results in the coking process.

My invention is equally adapted to retort ovens of the horizontal line type or to vertical flue ovens.

The following description explains the applicationof my invention, for example, toretort ovens having horizontal heating fines.

Referring to the drnWingS:-Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on line l-l of Fig. 2', with portions broken away to show the lines. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection on line 2-2. .o-f Fig. l.

Similar mlmerals refer t0 similar parts throughout the severa] views.

The retort-s '4' are usually built in blocks or groups of thirt to fifty, or more or less. They are provider with a sel-ics of laterally disposed horizontal lines connecting at a-ltornate. ends so that a zigzag draft is maiutaned throngl'i thc flues from the top of the retort to the bottom thereof, the products of combustion being carried through channels 9 and 10 to the stuck. The gas mains 1l'- :uul 12 are provided at either end oi the retol-ts and extend across the entire battery of said rctorl's, Each retort opens through f1`o to be noted that mams 11 4and 12 are divided partit-ion 'f main and dipping into u water-seul i meausywhich may be provi the 'elnlnn'el `1 3 aft-lone *en chair,

conductors 15 'and 16 is d jl l enerating es'avillgfbeifaisehatgn Femains 11 and 11eY v.

into two the bottom. the gas discharges so as to 'maintain the de; sired 'pressure Aof gas in collectmgcompart nient A19, and consequently thedesired pres- 4sure ot'4 gas in the retorts.

- To 'the distributing compartment 18 is connected a bleeder or pipe 39 leadmgany surplus gas otl to boilers or other points of consumption. This bleeder is controlled by the valve device as shown at 41., actnate valve 40 so as to automatically con trol at all times, the pressure in the distribatingr main. Adjustment or regulation, as to the pressure to be maintained in com partaient 1S, may be secured, for example, by moving the weight on the end o arm connected with valve 40, as shown in Fig. 2.

Compartment 18 of main 11 is adapted to discharge through pipe 2-'1 and dlscharge at burner openings 25 and 26, in fines 8 at the end of the retort. Pipe 27 will in a similar manner lead the gas from the chamber 18 of main 1'2 to burner vents 28 and 29 in flues S at the other end of the retort. By this means is secured a dischar e of gas from reservoirs 11 and 12 at the eginnmg of several of the horizontal flue sections following the direction of the arrows in Fig'. l. The burner vents or openings 25, 26, 28 and `29 are controlled by any suitable form of valve or gate to requlate the amount of gas permitted to flow therethrough.

Through the channel or conduit 30 air is conducted to the channels 31 extending horizontally beneath the retorts. From channels 31 extend leads 3G and 37 in the masonry or brick work of the oven structure to vents 32, 33, 34 and 35, approximate and slightly below the gas vents 25, 26, 28 and 29 respectively, to sustain the combus- 40.- The automatic pressure Fig. 2, 1s adapted to GdI- with means, automatic or otherwise, fof .varying or regu-4 latng- .its speed,

d and'. lieu heat in the adjacent fines.

The air a83- l31 and lea s 3 6 heated of .the gases therefrom. lng through chamwls 30, and 37 obviously becomes thoroughl 1g. harflngintotheflue. l Th n ,3.5 .are 'similarly controlled 'lves tor varying the amount ply tog tl 1e nues. 'The passage of gas from com artment :1B of maine 11 and 'is control ed by valve 38 similar to valve 1 7.

The o ration of my device is as follows or an eicient o ration of the oven it is necessary to contro the pressure in the retorts so as to maintain same at approxi mately atmospheric pressure. Since these retorts are brult ot' fire brick, any ressure substantially above atmosphere wou d cause a leak of the gases through the walls of the retort, resulting not only in waste of the gas but also in irregular and uncontrollable It is necessary, in order Sto" maintain an approximately atmospheric ressurein the retorts, that the conductors eading from the retorts, .or the receiver connected therewith, should be maintained at a negative or below atmospheric pressure to overcome friction conditions which would tend to obstruct or impede the ow of gas from the retorts, and thereby create a positive or above atmospheric pressure in the retorts. On the other hand it is necessary that the rassure of gas at the burners be maintaine at a. positive or above atmos heric pressure, for example a pressure equa to four inches of water, in order to secure an eicient burning of the gas in the flues. It is obvious that the pres sure of the gas at the burners must therefore be greater than the pressure of gas in the retorts. For this reason some means must be provided, as for example the blower 21, and the valve 40 and pressure regulator 41 to control the pressure m the retorts and also the pressure at the burners, and so as to secure a positive pressure of gas at the burn ers, independent of the pressure of the retorts.

1. In a nonrecovery retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, combustion fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a collect-in chamber connected with the retorts, a distri uting chamber connected with the burners, means for transmit ting gas from the collectin chamber directly to the distributing camber, means for controlling the pressure in the collect-ing chamber and thereby the pressure in the retorts, and means for controlling the pressure in the distributing chamber independent of the pressure in the collecting chainber, whereby the s, some rich and abundant from some o the retorts and some poor and scanty from other retorts is permitted to mix and become of uniform quality when l delivered to the burners, and whereby the pressure at the burners is controlled'to cure effective control of the heats in the combustion tlues.

2. In a non-recovery retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, combustion fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a gas receiving chamber oo nnected directly with the retorts, a gas d lstributing chamber connected direct y with the burners, means connecting the receiving chamber direct-1y with the distributing chamber, pressure controlling means connected with the receiving chamber, and pressure controlling means connected with the distributing chamber, whereby the gases from the retorts varyin in richness and quantity are mixed and delivered at required pressure to the burners, and whereby7 the required pressure is maintained in the retort..

3. In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, amain 1- vided into a. receiving compartment and a discharging compartment, means for connecting the receiving compartment with the several retorts, means for connecting the discharging com artment with the burners, and

ing compartment, means for connecting the receiving compartment. with thc several retorts, moans for connecting thc. discharging muulmrtnnmt with the burners, and a couductor and blower connector! therewith as n'leans for delivering gas troni the receiving compartment to the discharging coml'iartment at a required pressure.

7. In a retort colte oven', the combination of a plurality of retorts, fines adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a main divided charging compartment, means for connecting the receiving compartment with the several rctorts, means for connecting the discharging compartment with the burners, means for delivering gas from the receiving compartment to the discharging compartment at a required pressure, and an automatically sure in the discharging compartl'nent.

8. In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, titles adjacent the-reto provided with gas burners, a main di vided into a receiving compartment and a discharging compartment means for connecting the receiving compartment with the sev eral retorts, means for connecting the discharging compartment with the burners,

means for dehvering gas from the receiving means -for delivering gas from the receiving compartment to the dischargmg compaltcompartment. to the dlschargino compart ment at a required pressure. mentat a. required pressure, anc an escape 4. In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, fines adjacent .thereto provided with gas burners, a mam dir vided into n receiving compartment and a discharging compartment, means connecting the receiving compartment with the several retorts, means for connecting the discharging compartment with the burners, and means for delivering gas from the receiving compartment to the discharging compart-l ment, said receiving compartment being ot such capacity relatively to the retorts as to secure an etiicient mixing of the gases received from the said several retorts.

In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, (lues adjacent thereto provided with gas burners, a main divided into a receiving compzu'tlnent and a discharging compartment. means for connect ing tie receiving compartment with the soreral retorts, means for connecting the disv i charging compartment with the lnnucrs.:\ 1nl moans or dellveriug gas from the rcrelvlng valve and a pressure regulator for contro1- ling the same connected with the discharging con'ipartment.

S). In a retort coke oven, the combination of a plurality of retorts, a gas main extending across the series of retorts and above the same, said main divided into two longitudiually extending compartments, conductors leading from the several rctorts to one of said compartments, means for delivering the gas from thc said receiving compartment into the other compartment. at a required mes-sure, and conductors leading from the latter or discharge compartment to the rctort tlues, whereby the gas, sonic rich and abundant from some of the retorts and some poor and scant-y from other retorts` is pernittcd to mix and become of uniforn't quality and then discharged. at the required pressure. to the retortlines.

l0. ln a retort colic oven. the ctnnhiinllion ot' a plurality oi relorts. u gas main extending across the rctorts. said main divided into two longitlulinally extending conqulrilucnts h v a partition having a longitudinal vel-tival extension 'from thc top ol the main toward the bottom thereof. and a liquid seal coopcratiiug therewith. tannini-tors leading from tho .several rctorts to oml ot' said comparllneuts for carrying the gas. as it is discharged from the .several retorts iu var ving quantities and qualities. to thc common com` compartment to the discharging compartment at a required l'u'cssurc. said compari- :na-nts being ot' such relative. capacity as to seem-1 an otiicicnt. mixing of the gas received i from the several retorts. i

(i. in a retort colte oven. the cmnbination l ot' a plurality of rctorts. tlues adjacent. tht-rw to provided with gas burners. a main divided l into a receiving compartmentand a dischargi controlled valve for relieving excessive pres-- into a receiving compartment and a dispaltrnent or receptacle, means for delivering mitted to mix and become of uniform uality, the gw; from the said receiving compartment, und then discharged, at the require prcs- 10 into the othczlar colpurtmelnt aait afl'equirad sure, to the retort flues.

rassure, an con actors ca'mg rom tw 5 atter or discharge compartment to the re WILLIAM H' BLAUVELI tort Haes, whereby the gas, some rich and Witnesses: abundant from some of the retorts and some MAE HOFMANN, poor and scanty from other retorts, is perY EUGENE. SIEGLER.

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