US96304A - Improved centrifugal machinb - Google Patents

Description

3 SheetsSheet 1.

' J. F. BRINJES. ,GENTRIPUGAL MACHINE.

Patented Nov. 2, 1869,.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. F. BRINJES. GENTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

Patented N0v.2, 1869.

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Letters Patent No. 96,304, dated li o umber 2, 1869.

mnovsn csnrmruesn MACHINE. I

The Schedule referred to 'in these Letters Patent lnd'n'iaking part of the same known as centrifugal macl1ines,'employed in sugar and other'manufactories for separating fluid. from other matters, and for drying-purposes, and; has for its object the enabling such machines to be worked continuously, or without stoppages for the introdnction'of the substances; toibe operated upon, and for the sub- -sequentdischarge thereof. By this means, considerable economy in time is effected, and the great wear and tear hitherto attendant upon the frequent stoppage of the machine is prevented.

Another great advantage afforded by these improv ments is the continuous self-cleansing, by centrifugal,

action, of the wire gauze, or perforated metal,or other suitable material, forming the straining-medium of the drum or vessel, without the necessity for usingwater or steam-jets, brushes, or other appliances.

In carrying out this invention, I niake'the wire gauze or straining-medium in the form of a number of endless bands or cylinders, disposed around the drum in. such anianner as to enable such endless bands or cylinders to receive a travelling-movement of their own upon suitable cairier-rollers, or, in the case of wire-gauze cylinders, upon the axis of such cylinders, mounted upon the drum.

The several endless wire-gauze bands or cylinder may be arranged so as to travel or revolve either in a horizontal or vertical direction, and motion may. be transmitted to them from the drum-shaft itself, by various mechanical coutrivances, as will beohvious to the practical mechanic. v

I have found, however, that a'siinple and effective mode of transmitting such independent travelling-Inotion to the endless bands or cylinders of wire gauze, is to mount a vertical shaft in' suitable bearings'outside the main frame, and to impart motion to such secondmotionshafj't by a strapfrom a cone-pulley on the main drum-shaft, ,a corresponding cone-pulley' being mounted on the second-motionshaft; V

A strap-pulley is secured tothe lower end of the shaft last referred to, and a-strap from it imparts motion, by means of a pulley, to a collar or tubular shaft, which revolves loosely on the lower portion of the main drum-shaft. This tubular shaft revolves slower than the drum, and has a worm formed thereon, and

into the said worm gear worm-wheels, fast on hori- I zontal shafts, which are carried in bearings secured to the under side of the main drum, and, consequently, revolving with the drum. 7

On the outer extremities of these-shafts, are provided other worms, which gear into corresponding worm-wheels mounted on the end of the axis of each cylinder of wire gauze, or other suitable straining-me dinm, or on-the end of the axis of one of each pairof rollers which support the endless travelling-bandsof .wire gauze, (when bands are used,) and thus, on the rotation of the main drum, a comparatively slow r0- tatory motion will be imparted to the rollers, and their endless bands will be caused to travel slowly over them, so long as the-revolutions of the main drum are maintained. A space is left between the carrier-roll- .ers of each adjoining. pair. of bands,;through which the sugar or other matter discharges itself, so'soon as it is brought opposite thereto. I a

The substances which are fed into the drum are directed, through radial spouts, against one end of each of the t-ravelling'bands of wire gauze, but by the time the fluid matter has been expelled, the substance has been carried bythe movement ofthe endless wire gauze to one of the discharge-openings, and is instantly ejected, fresh sugar or other substance being fed inst the same time, thus rendering the process continuous.

The speed of the bands should, of course, be so regulated that the'niatters under treatment are snfiiciently operated upon before being expelld.

As each endless baud, dnn'ng its. return course, moves in an outer circle, and ma reversed position to that occupied by it when on the inner circle, it follows that any substances adhering to and clogging the gauze will be easily expelled by the action of the'centrifugal force alone, such force operating on that'part of the gauze whichis, for the time being, out of action, in precisely the reverse direction" to that in which it operatednpon the same gauzeavhen-in action; consequently, the adhering substances are expelled from the same side of the; gauze as that from whiclrthey first entered, but should the substance be of a gummy nature, a jet of steam, or hot water, or heated air, may be introduced, to assist in cleaning the gauze.

\Vhen the machine is used for 'snganand is is-necessary to liquor it, a pipo or pipes can be'introdncedi for the supply of liquor, through a rose, between the point of supply and discharge of the supar operated upon; and

In order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed more part-icnlarlyto describe thesanie, and, for that purpose, shall refer'to' the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the :liguresg V l I v I Figure 1, on sheet I, of my drawings, represents a sectional plan of one form of my improved centrifugal machine, as adapted for use in the manufacture of sugar, the section being taken along the line A B, in fig. 2.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the chine, taken along the line E F, in fig. 3.-

Figure 3 is a half-sectional plan of the machine, the section part being taken along the line 0 D, in fig.2.

Figure 4 is a side elevation.

Figure =5 is a sectional elevation, showing a portion of the machine, taken along the line, G H, in fig. 3.

A is the main framing, which may be of any suitable form or material, resting upon the circular casing B, which is bolted down uponthe bed or foundationplate 0.

D is the main vertical shaft, working, at its lower same 1113.-

end, in the footstep-bearing E,.in the base-plate, and

at its upper end, in a collar-bearing, F, in the main framing A. This shaft carries the revolving drum G, which is secured thereto by the cast-iron boss H, bolted to the bottom plate I, of the drum, a sheet-metal cone, K, being fitted around such boss, for the purpose of deflecting outward the sugar or other substances, as they are fedinto the centre of the drum.

Near the circumference of the plate I, which forms the lower portion of the drum, there is fitted an. even number of upright spindles, L L, carrying rollers or pulleys M M, over which are stretched the endless wire cloths, or other suitable straining-material N N, which constitute the perforated walls or sides of the drum..

In my drawing, I have represented the drum as being provided with four of such endless wire cloths, but thisnumbcr may obviously be varied if desired.

One of thetolleis marked M, in each pair, serves as the actuating or driving-roller of the endless cloth, which passes partly round it, while the other roller (marked M) actssimply as a carrying-roller, and may revolve loose on its spindle. V

Each driving-roller M is fast on its spindle L, which is driven or caused to rotate on its own axis during the revolutions of the drum, in the manner hereinafter more particularly described.

The upper ends of the several spindles L L pass through the top annular plate 0, of the drum, which plate is bolted down onto upright standards or brackets, P, figs. 3 and 5, of the desired height, such brackets being secured by bolts, or otherwise, to the lower plate I, of the drum.

-shaft S, provided with fast and loose driving-pulleys T T, and working in the bearings UU, cas'ton the main framing A.

Just below the collar-bearing of the upright shaft, or in any other convenient part thereof, there is keyed the cone driving-pulley V, from which a strap, W, transmits a slower motion to the vertical shaft X,

through the reversed cone-pulley Y, fast on'the upper end thereof.

This shaft X works in the collar and footstcp-bearings Z Z, respectively, and carries, at or near its lower extremity, the driving-pulley a, which, by means of the strap orbelt b, and pulley c, imparts rotatory motion to the short tubular shaft or collar d, which turns freely round, and upon the lower end of the main vertical shaft .1), but at a slower rate than the main shaft.

This collar (1 has a worm or endless screw, e, formed thereon, which gears into the worm-wheels ff fast on the inner ends of the horizontal spindles g g, for driving or actuating the spindles L L of the rollers or pulleys M M, which actuate the endless wire cloths.

For this purpose an endless screw or worm h is fitted to or formed on the outer end of each of the horizontal spindles g,-these worms gearing into wormwheels-i i, keyed on to the lower extremities of the spindles L L of the driving-rollers M M, and thereby imparting a slow rotatory motion thereto, and causing the endless wire cloths, or other straining-material, to travel slowly round: their respective rollers dur ing the revolutions of the drum G.

It k are bracket-bearings for carrying the horizontal spind les g g, such bearings being secured to the under side of the bottom plate I of the drum, and revolving therewith.

Z Z are a series of radial guiding-channels or. spouts, (one for each endless travelling wire cloth,) the sides of such spouts being secured to the bottom plate of the drum, and so disposed and contracted at their outer ends, as to guide or direct the sugar or other substance to be operated upon against the rear endof each of the travelling wire cloths, which, when the drum is revolving, travel in the direction shown by the arrows in the drawing, and carry slowly along with them the sugar or other substance until it arrives at the openings Q Q, through which it is discharged.

During the time occupied by the sugar or other substance in travelling from one roller M to the other roller M of the endless wire cloth, the sirup or other liquid is being expelled therefrom, through the wire work, by the centrifugal action of the drum.

By varying the speed of the travelling motion of the wire cloths, it is obvious that the sugar may be submitted to the centrifugal action of the drum for a greater or less period, according to requirement.

This adjustment or regulation of 'the speed of travel of the endless wire cloths is eii'ected simply by changing the driving-strap or belt .W from one-sized pulley to another, by which means the speed of the main.

driving-worm e is varied, and a corresponding varia tion is obtained in the speed of the travelling motion of the endless wire cloths.

The sirup or other liquid, which is expelled through the inner half 1 of the endless wire cloths, is directed against asliglitly. inclined plate, m, which is fixed between the rollers M M of each pair of rollers, and between the inner. half 1 and outer half 2 of the endless wire-gauze cloth N.

While the inner portion 1 of the wire gauze is operating asa straining-medium, in the manner above described, the outer portion 2, which is travelling, of course, in the opposite direction to the inner portion 1, is being cleansed by the action of the centrifugal force alone," which-readily expels or removes any solid sub-.

stancewhich may be adhering to: the gauze, This operation is greatly assisted by the fact that the position of this part of the gauze is reversed, that surface which was previouslynext to the interior of the drum, being now on the exterior, and consequently the adherin g matter, in lieu of requiring to be forced through the gauze, is removed from the same side of the gauze as.

that by which it entered.

If desired or found necessary, the usual mode of cleansing by means of jets of warm water, steam, or heated air, may be employed. a n are vertial spouts connected with suitable apertures o 0, made in the bottom plate I of the drum, for the purpose of directing the separated liquid into any convenient receptacle.

I prefer, however, to collect such liquid in an annular trough, p, the bottom of which is inclined, and'has a dischagesopening, q, made therein at its lowest part,

which allows the liquid to-flow'out into an inclined trough or gutter, T. which conveys it away to any desired locality.

I The sugar or other solid substance, on being discharged through the openings Q Q, may be received on a revolving annular table, S, supported upon grooved anti-friction rollers t, carried by studs bolted to the side of the base-plate O, as shown in figs. l and 2.

w is an annular guard-plate attached to the inner circnmferenceof the revolving table S, for the purpose of preventing the sugar or other substance ii'om gaining access to the driving-gear underneath the bottom of the drum.

A rotatory motion is impartedto the annular table S by means of the strap 2, pulleys 3 y, and vertical shaft 2, which latter works in the bearings 3 3, and car- Ties a spur-pinion, 4, gearing into corresponding teeth, 5, formed on the outer periphery of the annular table.

A discharge-opening, b, is made partly in the casing B and partly in the base 0, through which the sugar, or other solid substance carried round on the table S, is directed, by means of the fixed inclined guiding-plate 7.

A pipe and stop-cock, 8, fig. 5, serve to supply liquor or water, as may be required. They communicate with an annular reservoir, 9, from which radiate pipes 10, provided perforated roses or iets 11, situated close to the straining-medium.

When hot air or steam is to be employed for dry- -ing or other purposes, it may be applied in a similar manner to liquor or water, but in lieu of the reservoir Q'being open, as shown, it should in such case be closed at the top.

. Figures 6 and 7 represent, respectively, a plan and sectional elevation of a portion of a centrifugal machine, wherein the endless travelling bands of straining-material N are caused to travel in a vertical direction,in lieu of horizontally, as illustrated by the figures hereinbefore referred to.

In this arrangement the special discharge-openings Q, before described, may be dispensed with, as the sugar, or other substance operated upon, will discharge itself over the top of the upper or driving-mller M of each-vertical endless travelling band ofstraining-materia-l N.

The sugar, or other substance to be operated upon, is directed by radial spouts somewhat similar to those shown at I in the figures previously referred to, but

which it is discharged in a horizontal direction through the horizontal spouts n.

The driving-roller M of each endless band is driven from the worm e, on the central shaft D, as befbre de' scribed; but in lieu of the worms Ir gearing directly to the worm-wheels i, fast on the axis ofthe rollers M, they gear into intermediate worm-wheels 1', carried on two short upright spindles i, from which motiou'is transmit-ted directly to the worm-wheels i on the axis of each roller M, by worms on the upper ends of the upright spindles 'i' spond to the same parts in the figures previously described, and need not, therefore, be iintherrcferred to.

01a 2' ms.

1. The general construction and arrangement of what are known as centrifugal machines, whereby admit of the continuous introduction and discharge of the substances to be operated upon, substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated by my drawings.

2. The mode of driving or actuating the wire gauze, or other suitable straining-medium of centrifugal mation during the revolution of the drum, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

3. The application of the wire gauze, or other suitable straining-medium of centrifugal machines, in the form of cylinders, composed of wire gauze, perforated metal, or other equivalent material, such cylinders being caused to rotate on their own axis during the revoluthe purpose hereiubefore described.

4. The combination, in centrifugal machines, of endless travelling bands, of wire gauze or other equivalent material, or of rotatory cylindeis 'composed of the same material, with suitable discharge-openings disand for the purpose hereinbefore described.

5,. The application and use of the radial spouts or channels, for directing the substances which are fed into the drum against one end or portion of the endless travelling bands or rotating cylinders of wire gauze, or other suitable straining-medium, substantially as hereinhefore described;

In testimony. whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN FREDERICK BRINJ'ES.

Witnesses:

CHAS. MILLS, Clerk to Mr, J. H. Johnson, 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, London, W C. WALTER GARRAWAY,

. 10 Bi-rchi'n' Lane, London, E. C.

The rest of the letters in these tw'd iigures corre- I they may he worked without stoppages, and so as to chines, wheuapplied in the form of endless travelling bands, moving either in a horizontal or vertical direction of the drum, substantially in the manner and for posed at intervals round the drum, substantially as,

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