US960254A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. BENNETT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 2a, 1908.

. 0 254 Patented June 7,1910.

. v y El, i h W|TNES SES: Y7 INVENTOR WHY AT RNEYS" U ED STATES rATnNrroFFIoE.

enemies A. BENNETT, or DOVER, new JERSEY.

To aZl whom'it.nioy-c01iccm:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A.'BENNn'rr,

a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Dover, 'in the county Of hlOIl'lS and State of New- Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declarethe followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will en-- able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeand use the Seine, refer-- ones being had to the accompanying drawings, and to fi ures of reference marked thereon, which orin apart'of this specification. I I

This invention relates to an internal conibustion engine'thatis designed to have a cylinder and a piston therein, a closed crank case, a means for compressing pure air in the crank-case on'the working stroke of the engine, the same stroke also acting to draw a. vapor of the fuel into a'vaporizing chamher on the .cylinder. Theend ofthisstroke opens the exhaust of the c linder and also opensports to admit air a ongside a plunger working in the vaporizing chamber and the'ey1iii(lcr, ai1(l this air insures the scavenging.or clarifying of the cylinder by drivingout the cxplo ed gas,'aiid if any of this inrushingair passes out with the ex- At the finish of the power stroke of the piston and its plunger, the engine operates to inject-the vapor in the vaporizing chamber to the air confined iii the cylinder, and

on its return movement. com )ressing'the airand vapor in anticipation o ignition of the mixture. The charge-istl'ien exploded in the usual way and the operation above described is repeated. T prefer to pass the rich vapor from the vaporizing chamber into a fuel chamber formed inside the plunger, and

auton'iatically injecting the vapor from .lhis fuel chamber intothe cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston.

The invention is illustrated in tlic accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of my iiiiproved engiiie-with'the piston at the liring position-J Fig. 2 is a viewat right angles to Fig. 1 with the piston in its transfer positio'n when the air from the crank-case sup plants the exploded gas in the cylinder.

' 1g. 31s a'sectionon line 3, 3, in Fig.

.10 surrounded by the customary water- In myconstruction I- provide a cylinder A INTERNAL-COMBUSTION Enema Specificatitii of Letters Yatent. Patented J lin 7, 1910. Application filed May 23, 1908. Serial No. 484,477;

' jacket 11 and having a piston 12 which has this class of engine and not illustrated here-- in. When the piston travels alongthe cyl-' 'lIKlCI on its working stroke, it compresses the free air in thecrank-case. The cylinder has-a series of passages 18 extending part way up its bore from. the'crank-case, and the piston has a series of ports 19 which arein a line with the passages 18, and when the'piston has compressed this free air and is near its limit of movement, the ports 19 come in communication with the" 'iassages 18 and the free air enters the annu ar passage 21 and is passed into the c linder in the form-of a ring, and being coo it serves to cool the plunger 22 which is to be hereinafter described.

The free air serves to eject all burned surrounds the plunger and insures the scavenging of the inner walls of the cylinder. It will be noted here that the air goin into the cylinder is free air and has not liccoine mixed, up to its time of entry into the cylinder, with any fuel or fuel vapor.

W hen the iston moves on its power stroke it carries with it the plunger 22, which; is

hollow. ,This plunger slides in a vaporizing chamber 25 on the end of the cylinder 10 and. opening directly therein, and on this stroke acts to draw an over-rich mixture or vapor into the vaporizingchamber 25 through a valve 26 which is usually a suction valve, but any kind of valve adapted for the purpose, such as a mechanically operated.

valvc,'can be used. When the plunger is forced by the piston 32 is opene d.by reason 0 the prcssurein the vaporizing chamber, since; the valve 26 is forced shut on this stroke of the ilunger. Tlie'chcck valve 32 regulates the a mission on its return stroke a pulppet or check valve 1 of fuel from thevaporizing chamber into the plunger and receives and holds vapor as the fuel chamber 33 which is formed inside fuel. It will-thus be seen that when ,the

plunger is on its return stroke, the fuel chamber 33 becomes filled with fuel, and on the power stroke the valve 32 is held shut,

but the yalve 26 is opened-by suction: and the vaporizing chamber receives another filling.

On or near the limit of the vpower stroke ports 34, in the periphery of the plunger 22, are opened, and the fuel from the fuel cham- .ber 33 is injected into the air of the cylinder and forms the explosive charge. Attention is called to the fact that free air, in which there is no fuel gas or vapor, is'admitted to the cylinder immediately after the discharge is .open, and while it cleans out all vestige of fuel cham ber therein. and means for causin the exploded gas it also has the advantage of having no regulation except a check valve of some sort, and the pressure of airfed to the cylinder will be constant, and any .varying of the gas in the charge 1s done through the pipe 31 which feeds the vaporizing cham-' prising a cylinder, api'ston, a closed crank-- case, the' crank ca-se havin an air inlet therein, ducts for communicating betweenthe crank-case and the cylinder whenthe piston finishes its power stroke, a va orizing chamber on the end of the cylin er, a plunger on the iston and working in the vaporizin cham er, the plunger having a communication to inject vapor from the fue chamber to the cylinder only when the piston finishes its power stroke. v

2. Aninternal combustion-engine comprising a'eylinder, a piston, a closed crankcase, the crank-case having an air inlet therein, ducts. for communicating between the crank-case and the cylinder when the piston finishes its power stroke, a vaporizing chamber on the end of the cylinder and opening directly therein, a plunger on the .55

iston and workin in the vaporizing chamer and-having a uel chamber therein, and

' means for causing communication to inject va or from the fuel chamber to the cylinderon y when, the piston finishes its power stroke. 7 u

3. An internal combustion englne comprising a cylinder a piston and a closed crank-case, the crank-case having an air inlet, a vaporizin chamber on the end of the cylinder oppose to the crank-case, a plunger on the piston and working in the vaporizing chamber, the piston havin ports for commuthe vaporizing chamber for the admission of fuel vapor to the vaporizing chamber, and

means for causing communication betweenthe vaporizing chamber and the cylinder. 4. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder a piston and a closed crank-easajthe crank-casehavin" an airinlet, the crank-case being adapte to receive .nieating between the cran -ca se and the cyl- 'mder when the piston finishes its ,stroke, an inwardly opening suction va ve on air devoid of fuel vapor, the piston having 4 ports for passing'the freev air when compressed from-the crank-case'to the cylinder, -a vaporizing chamber on the cylinder and opening directlytherein, a plunger adapted to-reciprocate in the vaporizing chamber, the plunger being-adapted to contact with the air from the ports-in the piston and be cooled thereby, and means'for causin communicaf tion-from the vaporizing cham er to the cylinder. I 5. An internal combustion engine comprising-a cylinder, a piston, a closed crankcase, the crank-case having an air inlet therein, the cylinder'having passages in its inner walls extending part way up from the crank-case, the iston having an annular passage concentric with its center, and havmg ports adapted to communicate with the I passages in the cylinder when the piston finishes lts-power stroke. '6. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a closed crank-. case having an air lnlet there n, the cylinder having exhaust ports and having-air passages extending'up from the crank-case toward the exhaust ports, a vaporizing chamber on the cylinder, and a lunger on the piston'being adapted to wor in the vaporizing chamber, the piston having an annular passage and having ports communicating with the passage and arranged to communicate with the cylinder air passages when the piston finishes its powerstroke.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a closed crankcase, the crank-case having an air inlet,

-means for opening communication between the crank-case and thecylinder when the piston is at the limit of its power stroke so as to conduct free air to the cylinder, a vaporizing chamber on the end of the cylinder opposed to the crank-case and opening directly therein, 'a valve on the vaporizing chamber to prevent the" escape of- .vapor, a

)lun 'er on't'he' iston and workin m thel b b vaporizing cham er, the plunger havin a fuel chamber therein a valve in the uel chamber adapted to be closed when the valve of the vaporizing chamber is open, andvice' versa, and means for opening eommunicat1on to admit vapor from the fuel chamber tothe cylinder when the cylinder'is filledinder to receive the plunger, the piston having an annularipassage surrounding the plunger and having ports"passingthrough and adapted to communicate with the air passages o'frthecy'linder.

9. Iii an internal combustion engine, a;

cylinder having air passages extending ,part

way from one end, andhaving exhaust ports near the ends of the air passages, a iston, a plunger on the piston, and a cham er on the cylinder to receive the plunger, the pis ton havingan annular passage adjoining the.

lu'nger and having ports to communicate mm the passage throughthe piston to the air passages of the cylinder when the piston uncovers the exhaust ports, the end of the cylinder opposite the exhaust having an annular groove substantially tangential to the.

plunger and the wall of the cylinder.

' 10. An internal combustion engine'com prising a cylinder, a piston, a closed crankcase, means forlntermittently admittingair to the cylinder, a vaporizing chamber on the cylinder, a hollow plunger on the piston to reciprocate in the vaporizing chamber and forming a fuel chamber, a valve onthe vaporizing chamber to regulate the admission of vapor thereto, a valve on the fuel chamber to regulate the passage of va or from the vaporizing chamber to ,the .uel'

chamber, and ports in the sides of the fuel chamberadapted to be uncovered by vthe walls of the chamber to admit the va or to the cylinder from the fuel'chambe'r, w ien the piston finishes its power stroke.

11. An internal combustionengine com- .1nising a cylinder, a piston, a closed crank vase with an air inlet thereto, ducts in thewall of the cylinder for colnmun catmn bc-.

tween the crank case and power cylinder as the piston finishes its power stroke, a chamber on the end of the piston adapted to rercive-and hold fuel from-a chamber with which it acts on its outward stroke, and nea ms for causing transfer of said fuel from the fuel chamber to the minbustion cylinder only after admission of air to the cylinder periphery o the piston so as to be placedin line with the ducts in the cylinder when the piston finishes its power stroke, the'outf'romthe sides ofthe having means for injcctlngpure air into the lets of. the ductsbeing arrangedin a line substantially parallel with the movement of the iston and arranged to inject the air passing thcreth'rough against the plunger to cool the same,-

13.'An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder a piston, a vaporizing stroke of the piston compressing'the air in the vaporizin chamber and causin it to pass into the uel chamber, and a va ve for closing the fuel chamber from the vaporizin'g chamber on the power stroke of the piston and causing communication between them on' the return stroke;v

114. An internal combustion engine comprising a c linder and a piston a va orizin chamber oil the \end of the cyli iider, plunger onthe, iston and worklng in the vaporizing cham er, the piston having orts extcndin from points on the end 0 the piston a jacent'to the plunger and emerging piston, the cylinder ports where they emerge from the sidespf the iston when the piston finishes its power str'o e, an lnwardly opening suction valve on the vaporizing chamber, the plunger on' the pistonha'ving a fuel chamber therein,

[means for closing the fuel chamber from the vaporizing chamber on the power stroke of the piston, and means for injecting compressed fuel from the fuelvchamber into the cylinder immediately after the cylinder is filled with air;

-15. An internal combustion engine comprising aeylinder, a piston, a vaporizing chamber on the end of the cylinder and opening-directly thereim'ahollow plunger on the piston formin a fuel chamber and adapted to operate 1n the vaporizing chamher, an inlet -valve on .the vaporizin r chamber, an inlet valve on the fuel cham er, and a series of erforations projectingthrough the walls 0 the fuel chamber and adapted to be uncovered when the piston finishes its power stroke and to be closed by the walls of the vaporizing ch'amber when the piston begins its return stroke.

16. An internal combustion engine com-' fuel chamber-from the vaporizing chamber, 1' In testimony, that I claim the foregoing, the fuel chamber havlng perforations I have hereunto set my hand this. 21st day 'through' its walls adapted to be uncovered of May 1908.

by passing into the cylinder when the piston 5 finishes lts flower stroke and adapted to be Witnesses:

. covered by e walls of the vaporizing cham-. ber when the piston begins its return stroke.

CHARISJES A. BENNETT.

E.'A. PELL, WM. H. CAMFIn n.

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