US959202A - Shale-breaker. - Google Patents

Description

W. R CUNNINGHAM.

SHALE BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1909.

Patented May 24-, 1910.

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SHALE BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1909.

w 7 m mm mw m MMW VJT mm w Ma m 1 u m C m 2 wmm m a WW W 9 wag WILLIAM R. CUNNINGHAM,

OF BUCYRUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN CLAY MACHINERY COMPANY, OF BUCYRUS, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

SHALE-BREAKER.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM R. CUN- NINGHAM, a citizen of the United States residing at Bucyrus, in the county of Crawford and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shale-Breakers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in machines designed, especially, for the crushing of clods of clay in the manufacture of brick and tiles and other clay products; and the invention consists of the parts and the construction, arrangements and combinations of parts which I will hereinafter describe and claim.

In the manufacture of what is termed shale brick in a great many of the modernequipped yards, steam shovels are used for taking the clay from the claybank. Often the clay is delivered in large pieces, and it is expensive and quite a diflicult task to break these large pieces and to reduce them sufficiently small for the operation of the usual grinding-pans, without causing the pans to be over-taxed, and in a great many instances producing breakages and entailing large repair bills.

To overcome the above objections and obviate the expense and trouble which is common in clay plants due to the handling of clay in the form above mentioned, is the essential object of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which similar reference characters indicate like parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a plan view of a shale breaker embodying the salient features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on the line X-X of Fig. 1, of the breaker roll, showing certain of the breaker bars omitted. Fig. 3 is a part elevation and part sectional view of the breaker roll detached. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on a reduced scale, on a line corresponding to the line 0c-w of Fig. 1, and showing a hopper in place.

In carrying out my invention, I employ a suitable low frame 1, which is provided on its upper surface with appropriate journal- bearings 2 and 3, for the opposite ends of a horizontal shaft, 4, said shaft being a driving shaft having fixed to one end a fly wheel, 5, and to the other end a pinion, 7, these parts being secured to the shaft by Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 10, 1909.

through holes,

Patented May 24, 1910. Serial No. 495,095.

any of the usual and well known methods, and said pinion adapted to mesh with and drive a large master gear wheel 8 which is appropriately fixed to the end of the breaker-head shaft, S, said shaft being sup ported in journal bearings, 9 and 10, formed in the main frame, 1.

The central portion of the frame is shown as being open and within this portion is located the breaker-head or roll, said head or roll being, in practice, securely fixed to the shaft by means of a key, not shown, engaging a key seat, shown at 20, in Fig. 2.

The breaker-head or roll is shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3; it consists of a heavy central hub-portion 12, and irregular shaped end flanges, 13 and 14, of greater diameter than the intermediate or hub portion of the head, said flanges being herein shown as notched or recessed at four equi-distant points, 15, 16, 17 and 18, these recesses being designed to receive and form secure seats for appropriate heavy breaker bars, 19. I have shown four of these bars and which bars are, preferably, made square in cross section and of steel and hardened, but a greater or less number of said bars may be used to suit existing conditions. The breaker bars 19, may be secured to the flanges, 13 and 14, by any suitable method, but I prefer to secure them in the following manner: Passing through the steel bars, 19, are countersunk bolts, 21 and 22, these bolts passing 23 and 24, made in the flanges, 13 and 14, of the breaker roll as shown in Fig. 3. Suitable recesses, 25, are formed in the outer faces of the flanges, 13 and 14, and these recesses are adapted to receive the nuts, 26, which hold the bolts, 21 and 22, securely in place and thus firmly unite the breaker bars to the breaker roll, and yet afford means by which the bolts and bars may be removed without difliculty, should the occasion require the same.

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that I pass through the end portions of the main frame 1, suitable steel rods, 27 and 28, said rods being provided with collars, 29 and 30, which seat against portions of the frame as shown at 31 and 32. On the opposite end from the collars 29 and 30, the rods are provided with lock-nuts, 33 and 34, adapted to hold said rods firmly in position. The ends of the rods opposite to that portion carrying the nuts 33 and 34 are provided with screw threads 35 and 36, these threaded portions of the rods passing through suitable openings in the end portions of a stationary breaker bar 4L1, and said bar being held to the rods by means of opposed sets of lock-nuts, 37 and 38, and 39 and 4:0. he stationary breaker bar is mounted on top of the frame, 1, and is a heavy steel bar preferably square in cross section although other types of bars may be used without departing from the scope of my invention. It will also be observed, in Fig. 1, that I pass through the end portion of the stationary breaker bar, 41, suitable bolts, 4A and 4-5, these bolts passing also through the slots or holes, 46 and 47, formed in the main frame, 1, whereby I am permitted to adjust the breaker bar toward or away from the circular path described by the breaker bars of the revoluble breaker head.

In practice, the material delivered from the steam shovel or from other suitable source, will be delivered into a hopper, Fig. 4, and which hopper is of considerable capacity and is arranged above the frame with its lower end substantially close to the top of said frame and with the opening through the hopper in line with the opening in the frame, said hopper being designed to feed the rough shale directly to the revolving breaker head, and which head is so arranged that it revolves through the lower open end of the hopper and also through the opening in the frame, as shown in Fig. 4E and at one side of which opening in the frame is securely fixed the stationary breaker bar the inner surface of which forms substantially a wall of the opening in the frame. As the breaker head revolves, the large lumps or pieces are acted on bv the fixed and movable breaker bars and reduced by a shearing action due to the coaction of said bars, thus breaking the tough clay into pieces sulfieiently small to adapt them for further reduction in the ordinary grinding pan.

Experience has shown that oftentimes shale is of a very tough, rubber-like nature which makes it very diflicult to crush with the ordinary machines designed for crushing such material, but this material I have discovered, may easily be broken or reduced by subjecting it to a shearing action in the presence of stationary and movable shearing bars of the character before described. I am thus permitted to reduce this more or less tenacious material into pieces small enough for the grinding pans, thus overcoming the tendency of the pans being overtaxed, and reducing thecommon cause of breakages and large repair bills.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A shale breaker for reducing lump material for grinding pans, said breaker having in combination a horizontal frame with a vertical opening therethrough, a hopper having its lower end substantially in line with said opening, a stationary breaker bar fixed to the frame at one side of said opening, and a revoluble breaker head mounted on the frame so as to revolve in the lower open end of the hopper and also in the opening in the frame, said head having breaker bars fixed to it and adapted to reduce material positioned between said bars and the stationary bar;

'2. A shale breaker for reducing lump material for grinding pans, said breaker having in combination a horizontal frame with a vertical opening therethrough, a hopper having its lower end substantially in line with and proximate to the opening in said frame, a breaker bar secured to the upper side of the frame proximate to the lower end of the hopper, and a revoluble breaker head centrally positioned in the opening and adapted to revolve through the lower end of the hopper and the opening in the frame, said head having breaker bars fixed to it and extending from end to end and adapted to co-act with the stationary breaker bar to reduce material positioned between said bars.

3. In a shale breaker, the combination with a supporting frame, and a hopper, said frame having an open center which is substantially in line with the lower end of the hopper, the upper side of the frame and lower end of the hopper being adjacent, a breaker bar fixed to the frame at one side of the opening and close to the lower end of the hopper, and upon which the lump material is received, a breaker head revoluble through the lower end of the hopper and through the opening in said frame, and breaker bars fixed to the head and co-acting with the stationary bar to shear material positioned between said bars.

at. A shale breaker comprising a horizontal frame having a vertical opening, a breaker bar fixed at one side of said open ing adjacent a wall thereof, and a breaker head journaled centrally in said opening and revoluble therethrough, said head comprising a hub portion and end flanges, said hub portion being of less diameter than the flanges so as to provide an opening between the flanges, and breaker bars fixed to the flanges and extending across the opening therebetween and adapted to coact with the I stationary bar to shear material positioned between the stationary and movable bars.

5. A shale breaker comprising a horizontal frame having a vertical opening, a breaker bar fixed at one side of said opening adjacent a wall thereof, a breaker head journaled centrally in said opening and revoluble therethrough, said head comprising a hub portion and end flanges, said hub portion being of less diameter than the flanges so as to provide an opening between the flanges, breaker bars fixed to the flanges and extending across the opening therebetween and adapted to coact with the stationary bar to shear material positioned between the stationary and movable bars, said flanges having recesses to receive the ends of the bars and means for securing said bars in said recesses.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a revoluble breaker-head mounted thereon and comprising a hub portion having enlarged end flanges, said hub-portion extending from one end flange to the other, a shaft extending through and fixed to said hub, breaker-bars carried by said head and extending longitudinally thereof, a stationary breaker-bar fixed to the frame and arranged substantially parallel with the axis of the breakerhead, and means for securing the stationary bar in position, said means including bolts passing through the frame having collars on an intermediate portion abutting thereagainst, said bolts having threaded portions passing through the stationary-bar, and nuts on said threaded portions of the rods at opposite sides of said bar.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a revoluble breaker-head mounted thereon and compris ing a hub portion having enlarged end flanges, said hub-portion extending rom one end flange to the other, a shaft extending through and fixed to said hub, breaker-bars carried by said head and extending longitudinally thereof, a stationary breaker-bar fixed to the frame and arranged substantially parallel with the axis of the breaker-head, said flanges having radially recessed seats for the bars, and bolts securing the bars to the flanges.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM R. CUNNINGHAM. Witnesses:

CHAs. D. DUMP, GoRA M. HOFFMAN.

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