US95789A - Improvement in combined seeder and grain-drill - Google Patents

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Etait/ed tant me naar.

Letters .Pc-,tent N 95,789, dated October 12, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMBINED SEEDER ANDG-RAIN-DRILL;

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the sam To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY A. GASTON, of Stockton,"in San Joaquin county, and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improved Combined Broadcastjand Drill Grain-Seeder; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descn'ption of theconstruction and operation of the same, referencebejng had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in whichv Figure l is a top or plan view of Amy machine, with its relief-board e, its comb c, and its rotating shafts removed from the interior of the bin A.

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of my machine, showing an end View' of a smaller broadcast seedfsower, c, in the rear ofand attached to the main bin A, and also showing one of a. series of hollow iron lflnkes,a1d a leversuspeluling thesame, and also showing a frame xof wood, surm'ounted with a twopronged lever,'for controlling the system of flukes,

and regulating the depth at which their points P plow' through the soil.

Figure 3 is a central vertical sectional vewof one the fiukes.A Figure 4 represents a small square-headed screwbolt, which I use .for fastening the Ysteel or cast-iron point P upon the projecting foot of the fluke j'.

Figure 5 shows the form of the-steel point P before it is bent or receives its double mould-board form for its place on the fluke f. This is perforated, and has a female screw cut through it at o, for the reception of the bolt t.

-The same letters and incidental numerals refer to llikepart-s of the machine in all the figures.

Those parts of the machine which are made of wood are outlined in carmine, and those of iron .in ink.

A represents the main bin.

B, the axle, perforated at the ci-rcles, for discharging the grain.

. C C are end bed-pieces of the drill-attaclnnent, and extend from beneath the axle forward.

l D is the front cross-bar of the same attaclnnent, and is halved on or otherwise attached to the tongue T, and connects O,- T, and C. A

E is a central cross-bar connecting C, T, and C, and supports upon its upper surface, and upon each side of T, the controlling levers Land their arms y, and upholds from its lower surface the fluke-levers b.

S S represent heads or bars attached to the arms xy, and rest, either in their front or rear, upon the flukelevers b. These move np and down as the upper end of the levers l are moved forward or back in opposite directions.

P represents a small steel or cast-iron point, which, when the drill is in use, is attached toA and terminates thefluke f, by means ofthe small bolt t, fic. 4, and is curved in the form of' a double mould-board. This point P rests firmly in the recess below g, and upon the projection 'i in fig. 3.

3l and 32, with the representation'of wires driven through them, represent the rotating shafts, which extend as'one shaft from end to end-of and within the bin A, and arevrotated by small pinions, driven by the spur-gearing seen at each end ofthe bin.

The divisions F, F, F, Sto., are double inclined planes,

their summits meeting at the centralline drawn be` tween their ends. These I place beneath the rotating or oscillating shafts, and above the slide-valves, which rest upon the .,axle, so that their bases terminate at the discharging-orificesthrough the axle, and of the slidevalves when fully open. Atthei'r centres they fill the space between the shafts and the slide-valves, and they conduct the grain down their planes to the orifices of the slide-valves in such a manner that no seed is left in the bin A or c unsown. g

41 and 42 represent small shaftsfor the smaller bin a. These I oscillate by means of arms extending from their outer ends, which project through the ends ot' the bin, to the 'end of which arm I attach a pitman loosely, the opposite end of which pitman, I propelvby and move upon a spur or pivot extending outwardly from' the small pinion Vabove mentioned.I

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and. operation more minntely; first, premising that the drawings given may be taken as on a scale -of one-eigh th ofthe average size-of the machines which 1 am now constructing.

I constructmy bin, relief-board, comb, rotating or oscillating shafts, scatter-board, slide-valves, and the 'main body of my machine in accordance with the plan and description given in my Letters Patent, N o. 83,624, dated November 3, 1868, with this difference, that I divide the rotating or oscillating shafts at their-centres longitudinally, as secnbetween 32 and3, and between 42and 41, and permitting their inner ends to rest in a central bearing in their bins. I rotate or oscillate them by gearing or pitmens'attached to their outer ends.

By this novel arrangement, when turning around at the end of a field, my machine sows the grain on thathalf'l of it, toward the revolving wheel, the same as while crossing the field, while towa-rd the other wheel, which is being turned less, less grain is sown, by which perfect uniformity of sowing is secured as wellaround four or six wires in the manner represented at the numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, of shaft 3*, and into the oscillating shafts I also drive fouror six, as seen at the numerals l, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, of 42. v

By this novel arrangement I cause the wires to sweep the grain andfseed to and fro over the discharging-orifices, and to press it th'rough them with perfect regularity, and in exact proportion to the velocity of the team or moving power.

The teeth in the comb are necessarily but three in number to leach discharging-orifice, one of which I pla-ce centrally, to divide each set of four or more fingers .above each discharging-orifice. The arrangement of the teeth in this novel contrivance is seen iu the rear of fig. 1, between the bin A and theshafts 3l and 32.

The object of this contrivance is to prevent the ngers of the shaft becoming clogged by straws, and to pick apart and to separate grain, which adheres in mass through the useot lime or other substances.

The wiresl, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, are called fingers.

rIhe wires ofthe comb are called teeth.

Having described my drill so far, which up to this point, with its several parts named, is a broadcast-seeder when desired, I attach beneath the axle B and the tongue Tthe novel frame-work C E D, which will be understood readily by the plan shown and the scale lgiven.

Centrally between the tongue T and the bed-pieces C upon the cross-bar E, or under E,and extending thence upward, by curving the same to the desired height, I place the novel governing-lever l, the lower end of which rests in the fulcrum m, and from this lever I extend the novel arms a either or both, which terminate at andare attached to the novel head-bars S. These head-pieces I provide with slots or guides on theirv under sides, into which the upper' edges of the fluke-levers b extend, and by this novel contrivance not only-is the depth of the point P in the soil regulated and determined at the will of the operator, but the flukes f, which are attached to the rear ends of the levers b, which last I suspend in the fulcrums m1 fm?, are guided also, and kept in direct line.

I make my tlukes in the novel manner or form shown in lig. 3, sharp and cutting in front, as shown from the lower lug to theangulardepression at g, and provid- 1 ing within the tube, at or near its rear lower extremity, the novel protuberance seen at x, and terminating the lower end of the fluke with novel foot-like projection seen at i This last I perforate with a slot seen at o, to receive the small screw-bolt t, lig. 4, which passes upward vthrough this` slot,` and screws into the novel cast-iron or steel point P, and attaches the same firmly upon the projecting foot of the linke.

The point `P constitutes a small doublemould-board,

which, slightly raising and dividing the soil, turns it both ways from the body of the fluke. Its. material is determined by the soil in which it is required to work, sandy or otherwise. Its rear end rests in the angle seen between g and i, while its point, which enters the soil at a very acute angle, raises it suciently high to receive beneath ,it the grain, which, as it descends within the uke, is thrown forward, by the protnberance a, beneath the point P, which, passing, the soil closes in upon, and securely covers the grain. s

The lower end of' the linke, from its front to its centre, constitutes a continuation of the mould-board I), v

'while it will be seen the oiiice of the sharp edgeof the fluke is to present as little resisting surface as possible to the soil through which it moves, and to prevent its being clogged.

At k, between the two lugs of the fluke, I provide a novel stop, which prevents the flap q from closing back further than desired toward thesu'ke f.

I attach my tubes, which lead from the dischargingoritices into the flukes f, first to a separate piece of thin board, the holes through which, and through the tubes, correspond with and make a continuation of the holes through the axle, and this board, either in one or two parts, I screw upon the under side of the axle; By this novel contrivance I convert the drill into'a broadcast-seeder, by removing this light board and its attached tubes from the axle, and attaching the scatter-board under the axle, and cioe versa.

I determine the position of my levers 1and consequent pos'it-ion of my flukes, by the novel ratchet 1*,.01' a similar contrivance. Y

The levers l are within convenient reach of the driver, who rides upon a seat over the centre of the bin.

What I claim as my invention, andv desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The oscillating or rotating shafts,ivhen constructed and operated substantially as andfor the purposes above described. p

2. The comb C, combinedwith the divided shaft 31 32 in such manner that the teeth of the former may pass centrally through the tingers of the latter, as and for the purpose described.

3. The frame O E D, in combination with the lever l, arms 'l head-bars S, and linke-levers b, all arranged and operating substantially as set forth.

4. The governing-levers l, and their arms y attached to the head-pieces S, substantially as and for the purpose above described.

5. The sharp-edged iluke f, with its internal projection x, and also its foot-like projection 11,' and its stop k, constructedsubstantially as above described.

(i. The iiuke f, provided with the foot-like and slotted projection 4o, and angular depression g, and combined with the point P, in the manner ,and for the purpose specied.

7. A graindrill, constructed and operated substantially as above described. 4

HENRY A. GASTON.

WVitnesses:

` CHARLES H. SANFORD,

SULLIVAN C. CASE.

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