US957788A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

N. METZ.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLBD SEPT. 13, 190e.

957,788., vJPaJsezuted May 10,1910.

IHN r N. METZ.

INTERNAL GoMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1906.

Patented May 10 m a E rn: .ms

2 SHEETS-BHEET 2.

@Rhmann llNl'lED STATES PATENT UFFlF.

NATHANIEL METZ', OF LANSDALE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO` WILLIAM D. HEEBNER, OF LANSDALE, 'PENNSYLVANIA. n

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

names.

Specification of Letters atent.

Patented May 10, 19.10.

Application ledlseptember 13,y 1906. Serial No. 334,421.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHANIEL METZ, a ,citizen of the United States, residing at Lansdale, county of Montgomery, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the following is a specilication.

My invention consists of a novel construction of an internal combustion engine, where` lin l employ a cylinder having `a piston cham berof uniform bore, said cylinder having therein a plurality ot pistons connected to a common crank shaft and provisionI being made for the charge ,of explosive mixture to 1.5 be drawn into the cylinder by suction created by the movement in the proper direction of the two pistons, said mixture being com* pressed bythe inward-movement of the pistons and ignited by suitable mechanism and i the exhaust being expelled through the lsuitable exhaust passages at the ,proper interva s.

By Vmy invention, I produce a compact and comparatively light explosive engine or motor whichis especially designed for pro- 'pelling all manner of vehicles, such as wagons, coaches, carriages, boats, railway passenger and other cars and machinery or vappliances in general which require the-ap- 3 plication of lpropulsiva power and it will be Ievident tothose skilled in the art that-Inlay employ any suitable explosive mixture in order to actuate the two pistons.

' To the above ends my invention consists of a novel construction of intake end of the cylinder, its rear piston, and admission valve,

whereby the cylinder and piston are properly cooled, said cylinder being provided with two istons and having side passages and a cran casing, the side connecting rods working through the side assages, whereby space is economized and t e en ine is rendered self-contained and not liab e to injury from external sources.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown one form' of machine, as this embodiment best `illustrates the prin- ,ciple of the invention, although it. isfobvious that the principal instrumentalities of which 5,0 my invention consist can be variously arranged and organized and in the accompanying drawings l have shown one embodimerit thereof which l have found in' prac .tice to give satisfactory results, although it,

is to be understood that my invention is not limited to this specic arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities.

.Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view of an internal combustion engine l embodying my invention.v Fig. 2 represents 60 a section on line w-, Fig. l. Fig. 3 repre'- sents a section on line y-y, Fig. 1, showingV the construction of blower or cooling device employed. Fig. l represents a longitudinal section on line e-s Fig. Fig. 5 repre- 5 sents a section on line )mL-td, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 represents a plan viewpot the igniting de-v vice employed. Figs. 7 and 8 represent side elevations, viewed in dili'erent directions, of

the igniting device seen in Fig. 6. Figs. 9,70

10,l ll'and lvrepresent perspective views oi' the valve plate, washer, disk and bolt einployed, in detached position; Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the gures. 75 e Referring to the drawings :-1 designates my novel construction of internal combustion engine, the same comprising the cylinder 2 having therein the' piston chamber,

whichpit will be noted, is of uniform diameter, whereby the. same can be cheaply and conveniently bored. The rengine cylinder 2 is adapted to telescope or be contained in t e outer' cylinder 3 which terminates in th crank casing, Ll, .whereinis contained the crank 5, the same "comprising the center? cranks 6 and 7 connected by the center crank pin 8 and the end cranks 9 having the crank pins 1 0 as will be understood from Fig. 13.

11 designates the center connecting rod, 90

one end of which is mounted on the center crank pin 8, with its opposite end pivotally connected to the lugs 12 of the front piston 13, the latter being hollow as will be understood from Fig. 1.

111 designates the outer connecting rods which engage the crank pins 1() and are located within the side ports 15, said connecting rods 14: having their rear ends connected to the rear piston 16, whose internal construction will be understood from Fig. 1.` The piston 16 is ,provided with the transversely-projecting pin or stud 1f? whose ends travelin theslotsor ports 18, the extent of which willl be understood from the left hand 'connecting rod 11, the engine is perfectly balanced 1n respect to all its reciprocating parts under -all conditions.

It will be seen that by the above described arrangement of parts, it is possible for the intake and exhaust ports, to be hereafter reerred' to,.to extend around the whole circumference of the cylinder walls, leaving only the necessary metal for the bridges to guide the piston rings over the ports, thus insuringv free exhaust and full intake of charge of gas into the cylinder at the proper intervals.v

19 designates the intgake port, the same be ing located preferably at the rear end of thel cylinder and opening into the cap or closure 20, whereby the intake valve and its adjuncts are conveniently heldin assembled osition with respect to the end of the cylinder. The construction of the intake yvalve will be apparent from the left hand portion of Figs. 1 and 4 and Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive,

lsaid Valve comprising the platel 21 having spring 32 so that the parts as assembled will 'appear substantially as seen at the left of Fig. 1, whereby at the proper intervals the parts 23 and 25 will be permitted to move to and from the plate 21, the outer edge of the v iap 23 being held stationary, as will be apparent to those skilled in this art.

It will be apparent that as the pistons move from the position seen in Figs. 1 and 4 toward each other, gas will be drawn through the intake 19, the intake valve and its adJuncts into the interior of the rear pis.

ton 16 to cool it, this piston being exposed to the greatest heat at the time of exhaust. The gas, after filling the rear piston 16,

passes through the side ports 18 and the longitudinal ports or passages 15 to the crank casing 4 and around the outside of the cylinder to the combustion chamber. By this arrangement, the cranks and connecting rods in the crank chamber can be lubricated by Vse the splash system without drawing too much oil into the cylinder.

The intake valve at the rear end of the cylinder is .in practice constructed o sufficient size to freely admit the gas from the" carbureter (not shown) and can be made of either leatheror metal or other suitable materials, as will be'apparent to those skilled in the art.

The construction l have thus far described,

admits either of the apparatus being air or water cooled and by using the usual valves, can be made four-cycle as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

33 designates a lug on one side of the connecting rods 14, the latter being adapted to actuate at the proper `intervals, the,pin 34 and thereby force the contact 'spring 35 toward the contact. point 36, said pin 34 being carried in the disk 34x in the threaded plug 37 which disk has the handle 38 secured to it, whereby the disk and its adjuncts can be rotated according to requirements.

39 designates the intake ports which are in communication with the side ports 15, While 40 designates the exhaust orts which are opened at the proper interva s to permit of the escape of the products of combustion after the piston 16 has moved to the proper extent.

41 designates a casing containing the fan 42 which is mounted on the shaft 44 having suitable bearings in said casing 41, said shaft carrying thereon, blades 45 whereby the'force or" the exhaust causes the fan to revolve very rapidly which also acts as a mutiier for the engine, the nal exhaust taking place through the outlet.43, seen in Fig. 1, it being apparent that the fans or blades 42 cool the outside of the motor case and may` be of such contour as to direct the currents of air to the desired parts of the piston cylinder as required. One of the ports 40 may if desired communicate directly with the atmosphere instead` of communicating with the blowing mechanism.

The operation will be apparent' to those skilled in the art, since it will be clear that as the pistons 13 and 16 reciprocate at the proper periods the charges of gas will be forced into the space between said pistons and compressed and ignited at the proper intervals by the contact'of the lug 33 with the contact device 34 as 'willI be understood from the enlarged views seen in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive. The ignition having taken place,

the pistons 13 and 16 will move away from each other and as the piston 16 uncovers the exhaust port 40, the exhaust to the atmosphere will take place lsimultaneously therewith, will cause the fan 42 to rotate and with it the blades 45, thus directing the current of air to the portions of the engine cylinder.,

It will be apparent that I have omitted some of the ports and passages from certain figures of the drawings for the sake of clearness of illustration, since the operation of engines of this class will be clearly apparent to those skilled in this art.

In practice construct the rear piston 16 with ports 46, Whose function is to permit the escape ofgas through the ports 18 and side passages 15 when the piston 16 moves rearwardly or toward the intake valve and its' adjuncts; otherwise too much of a cushioning action would take lace, which would `be detrimental to the e cient operation 'of the engine. Thecontact device seen in Figs. 6 to 8 and .at the upper portion of Fig.4 4 is simple and eective 1n operation 'and' admits 'of advancing the spark and b ,simply moving the lever orv handle 38 aiiove or below the center,the engine will run eitherr way forward or backward according to requirements.

The 'raisedfcontaca cam or lug '33 on the connectingrod allows the rod to 4pass the contact point' at the other end .of the stroke without making contact.

Idesireto call especial attention tothe location and co-action of the intake valve and the rear piston 16, since it will be apparent that said piston, being exposed to great heat at the time of exhausting, will tend to become very` hot, but by my arrange- -ment of parts the cold as will be drawn into the hollow piston 16 initially as soon as said piston moves away from the intake valve, whereby said piston will always be cooled to the desired extent.

I have deemed it unnecessary to show or describe in detail the construction of the carbureter or the electrical vdetails of the mechanism for timing the action of the electric spark, which may consist of a battery, spark coil or the like, as the same per se forms no/ part of my present invention. v

It will be apparent that changes may be made by those skilled in the art which' will come within the scope of my invention and I do not therefore desire to be limited in every instance 'to the exact construction herein shown and described.`

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent2 is: 1

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, front and rear pistons therein, an 1ntake valve at the rear of said' cylinder,'said. rear piston being open at its rear end and adapted to receive and be cooled by the gas entering through said valve, port-s at the rear end of said cylinder, a crank case,jside passages communicating with said ports and said crank case, inlet and exhaust ports in the cylinder, said inlet ports communicating Xwith said passages, a crank shaft in the crank case, side connecting rods in said passages and secured to said crank shaft and to the rear piston, and a central connecting,

rod secured to said crank shaft-and said front piston. v

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, an intake valve at the rear end thereof, frontand rear pistons in said cylinder, said rear piston being open at its rear end and adapted to receive and be cooled by ,controlled b in said cylinder at its rear end, side passages communicating with said cylinder ports, a v

for admitting the charge from the side passages to the space between the pistons, and means for exhausting the burned gases.

3. .In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, an intake valve atf'the rear end thereof, front and rear pistons in said cylinder,

said rear piston being o en at the rear end and adapted to be coole/ by lthe charge entering through the ,intake valve, ports at the rear end of the cylinder, a crank casin centercranks and /nd cranks therein, si e passages communicating with said ports and the casing, connectin/,gr rods located in said passages and/secured to the end cranks, means passing through said ports for securing the connecting rods' to the rear piston, a `central/connecting rod secured to the center cranks/and to the/frontpiston, inlet ports from said side assages to the cylinder and controlled by s 1d front piston, exhaust ports said rear piston and ports in said rear piston intermediate the ends thereof and. adapted to register with the ports at the rear end of the cylinder on the rearward movement of the rear piston.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cyl` inder, front and rear pistonsin said cylinder, an intake valve at the rear of said cylinder, said rear piston beingopen at its rear end and adapted to receive and be cooled by the gas entering said valve, ports in the side wallof the -rear piston, a pin extending transversely of said rear piston, ports controlled by -said rear piston located at the ,side olf-said cylinder and adapted to receive and ,guide the ends ofA said pin and coperating with said iston ports to`perm1t a charge to pass tllfrough the side passages on`the rear stroke of the 'rear piston, there being side passages communicatmg with and leading from said cylinder ports, a crank case 'with which said side passages communicate, a crankv shaft therein, side connecting rods leading from said'crank shaft to said pin, a. central connecting-rod leadingfrom said crank shaft to said front piston; means for admitting-the charge from the side passages to the space'between the pistons, and. means for exhausting the burned gases.

NATI-IANIEL METZ.-

Witnesses: Y v

I-IAYWARD FAIRBANKS,

the gas enteringthrough said valve, ports J 0HN` A. WIEDERSHEIM.

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