US949448A - Case-hardening or cementing material. - Google Patents
Case-hardening or cementing material. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US949448A US949448A US49755509A US1909497555A US949448A US 949448 A US949448 A US 949448A US 49755509 A US49755509 A US 49755509A US 1909497555 A US1909497555 A US 1909497555A US 949448 A US949448 A US 949448A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coking
- case
- mixture
- cementing
- hardening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 28
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
- C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- case-hardening or cementin may be carried on durin the process of'co 'ng the mixture of coal and energizer and the resulting product may later be crushed and screened for use as a commercial case-hardening or cementing material and a parently has all of the properties it woul' have hadif the case-hardening or ceinentinghad not been carried on during tlie coking operation.
- the method of producing cementing or case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking material and a substance which after the coking has energizing properties.
- the method of producing cementing or case hardening material wh1ch comprises coking a mixture of coking coal and a sub-H stancejwhich; after the coking has .energ1zing properties.
- Cementing or case hardening material containin a coked mixture of coking material an a substance which after the coking has energizing properties.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
sTA'rEs ATENT non.
HUGH new, or ri'r'rssune, PENNSYLVANIA.
GASE-HARDENING on CEMENTING MATERIAL.
949,4,48. No'nrawlng.
Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Fe'b. 15, 1910.
Application fiIed May 21, 1909. Serial No. 497,555.
rial No. 496,271, filed on or aboutMay 15,"
1909, that the ordinary coke of commerce when pulverized or granulated and inti-v mately mixed with proper proportions of an energizing substance, such as lime and sodaash, caustic soda or barium carbonate, has the property given to it of rendering it ac-- tive as a casef-hardenin or cementing material. By energizing su stance, I'mean such material, not necessarily carbonaceous material, as will when addedto an inactive carbonaceous substance, render such carbonaceous substance active, as a carbonizing agent. It is. difficult, however, in the case of insoluble substances to get and maintain the 1nt1mate m1xture necessary, and in the case of soluble substances it is diflicult to get enoughof the substance into the pores of the coke. I
I have found that I am able to-obtainintimate mixtures of coke and energizing substances, such as lime, soda-ash, caustic soda or barium carbonate, or mixtures thereof, by m1x1ng the proper proportions of-energizing substance with coking coal, preferably finely powdered, and then heating the mixture. at a temperature suflicient to coke the coal. The result-is an impregnated cokewhich maybe crushed and screened to the size desiredfor commercial case-hardening-or ceinenting material. In appearance the resulting, product closely resembles non-ini pregnated coke, but, however, it is' a little softer and will absorb moisture more rapidly.
I have found that, if desired, case-hardening or cementin may be carried on durin the process of'co 'ng the mixture of coal and energizer and the resulting product may later be crushed and screened for use as a commercial case-hardening or cementing material and a parently has all of the properties it woul' have hadif the case-hardening or ceinentinghad not been carried on during tlie coking operation.
I have found in practice that excellent case hardening or cementing material may ten parts by weight be produced by inixin ve parts of powdered of owdered lime and so a-ash with one hundred parts of slack 5 coking coal and then subjecting the mixture to a temperature of about 1500 Fahrenheit until the coal is thoroughly coked. I have also found that an intimate mixture of lime and coke may be obtained by coking the mixture of slack coking coal and lime-stone. hen this is done the lime-stone obviously is changed to lime, and the resulting product is coke nnpregnatedwith lime. Lime-stone, prior to being calcined, is not useful as an energizing'su -stance because of its surfaceattacking properties. I have also'f ound that other coking materials than bituminous coalmay be used and I have obtained excellent results from crude oil andthe heavy hydrocarbons resulting from the distillat on of crude oil.
Having thus described my invention,-what Iclaimis:
1. The method of producing cementing or case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking material and a substance which after the coking has energizing properties.
2. The method of producing cementing or case hardening material wh1ch comprises coking a mixture of coking coal and a sub-H stancejwhich; after the coking has .energ1zing properties.
3. The method of producmg cementing or case hardening material which compnses coking a mixture of ,coking mater1al and energ1zing substance.
4. The method of producing cementing or case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking coal and energiz-L ing substance. p 5. The method of producing cementing or case hardening material which com rises coking a .mixture of "coking'materia and soda ash. 6. The method of case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking material, soda ash and limestone. Y 7. The method of producing cementing or producing cementing or case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking coal and, soda ash.
8. The method of producing cementing or case hardening material which comprises coking a mixture of coking coal,- soda ash and limestone.
9. Cementing or case hardening material containin a coked mixture of coking material an a substance which after the coking has energizing properties.
g 10. Cementin or'case hardening material containing a co ed mixture of coking coal and a substance which after the coking'has energizing properties.
11. Cementin or case hardening material containing a co ed mixture of coking macontaining a coked mixture terial and energizingvsubstance.
12. Cementing or case hardening material.
containing a coked mixture of coking coal and energizing substance.
13. Cementing or case hardening material ofcoking material and soda ash.
14. Cementing or case hardening material contamm 'a coked mlxture of cokmg material, soda ash and llmestone.
15. cementing or case hardening material coking coal In testimony whereof, I have hereuntosubscribed my name this 12th day of'May, 1909. i
- Witnesses: v
' C. W. MOGHEE,
Gno. O. WALKER.
HUGH RQDMAN. f i
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49755509A US949448A (en) | 1909-05-21 | 1909-05-21 | Case-hardening or cementing material. |
| US521778A US949549A (en) | 1909-05-21 | 1909-10-08 | Case-hardening or cementing material. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49755509A US949448A (en) | 1909-05-21 | 1909-05-21 | Case-hardening or cementing material. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US949448A true US949448A (en) | 1910-02-15 |
Family
ID=3017862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49755509A Expired - Lifetime US949448A (en) | 1909-05-21 | 1909-05-21 | Case-hardening or cementing material. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US949448A (en) |
-
1909
- 1909-05-21 US US49755509A patent/US949448A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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