US942499A - Refrigerating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

J. HEINRICH.

REFRIGEEATING APPARATUS.

APPLIO ATION FILED MAY 12, 19084 Patented Dec. 7,1909.

, 9 ZSHEBTS-SHBET 1.

N v G3\\ n (h g a: a L

, w Q L 0 Q1 \H' "9 g4 i J x Q l. W V

I 1 -"CQ l a WITNESSES: Q INVE TOR.

WW M W ATTORNEY.

J HEINRICH.

RBFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1908.

942,499, Patented Dec.7,1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: INVENZ 0R.

A M 'A TT'ORNEJ sired refrigeration,

, successively recompressed and reexpandeda cams STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HEINRICH, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE -HALF-TO EDWARD T. POWERS, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOU'BIL REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Pat ented Dec. 7, 1909.

- Application filed May 12, 1908. Serial No. 432,404.

To all whom it many concern:

'Be it known that I, JOHN Hnmmon, a

citizen of the United States, residing at My invention relates to improvements in' '10 refrigerating apparatus.

It relates particularly to the type of-refrigerating apparatus in which refrigerating'fluid is first compressed and condensed, then permitted to expand to effect the dethe expanded fluid being The object of my invention is to provide novel means by which the pressure of the refrigerating fluid automatically controls the operation of the compressing mechanism.

In the preferred form of my invention an electric motor is employed to operate the compressing mechanism, means being provided by which the operation of the motor 251 is controlled by pressure of the refrigerating Other novelfeatures of my invention are hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings illustrative of my invention-Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the complete apparatus. Fig. 2 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical sectioh of the circuit controlling mechanism,

in solid and dotted lines representing the I positions of these parts when the circuit is. respectively open and closed. -Fig. 3 1s a top view partly in horizontalsection of what shown n. Fig. .2. Fig. 4: is a diagrammatic ."ley 3 connected by a be1t4 with a pulley 5, secur'ed on the armatureishaft .6- of an ordie of electric motor "7. 8. denotes inclosing a sinii-' .9,'which serves as nary t the re 'igerating casing -ously formed conductor expansion chamben:

the positions of. the

35 rheostat operating mechanism being shown.

vlew of the ,electric circuit in which the 10' denotes a con-I ductor for conveying compressed fluid, such -as ammonia, from the compressing cylinders 1 to the expansion chamber 9. One end of the conductor -10 is provided with two branch conductors 11 connected respectively with the compression cylinders 1. In the conductor 10 is located a receptacle 12 for receiving liquid ammonia. Intermediate the branches 11 and the receptacle 12 the conductor 10 .is provided -with a helically formed portion 13, located in a receptacle.

14 adapted to contain a cooling medium, such as water. The discharge end of the conductor 10 is connected with a valve casing15, connected to the inlet end of the expansion chamber 9 and provided with a valve 16 for controlling theflow of refrigerating liquid into the expansion chamber.

17 denotes a conductor having one end conthe valve casing 15 and thereceptacle '12,

the other end of the conductor 17 being connected toa pressure gage 18 of any -suitable type. .19 denotes a return conductor connected at its inlet end to the expansion chamber 9. and provided at its discharge end .n'ected .with the conductor 10 intermediate 1 with two branch conductors 20 discharging into the cylinders 1.. The conrespectively provided with a helically formed 'ductor 19 is portion 21 located within the helical portion a 13 from which it is adapted to receive heat through the intermediacy of the cooling liquid in which said helical portions are im-. 5

mersed. 22 denotes a conductor having one 'end connected to the return conductor 19, the other end being connectedto one .end of a cylinder 23 having at its opposite end an air inlet 24. 'Reciprocatively: mounted in the cylinder 23, intermediate the inlet 24 and conductor 22, is a piston 25, to one end .ofwhich is secured a' piston rod 26 provided at its outerend with a transverse-pin 27 longitudinally movable in a longitudinal slot 28 provided in one end of a pivoted le ver 29, which forms thelever of an ordinary rheostat which is provided with a series of contacts 30,- consecutively connected with 'eachother by the ordinary resistance coils- 31. 32 denotes anordinary switch lever.

adapted to have electrical contactfwith the ins contact-. 33 which is connected'by a conductor 34. with one brush of a motor 7 ,the other brush of which is connected by a conductor 35'.,with-one-brush of a dynamo 36, the other brush of which is'connected by a conductor- 37 with the pivot 3 8 on whichthe lever 29 is mounted. The lever 32 is connected by a conductor 39 with oneof,the end contacts 30 of the rheostat. 39 denotes a pressure gage of any ordinary type which is connected by a conductor with the conductor 22.

In the operationof my invention, the switchflever 32 isfirstswung to a position in contact with the contact 33. The lever 29 is then swung manually to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2'in which position the circuit will be closed, and the motor 7 will receive currentfrom ithe generator 36, and wi 1 start running. he driving shaft 2 of the compressor will thus be driven through the intermediacy. of the armature shaft 6, pulley 5, belt 4 and pulley 31 The compressor in running will force compressed -refrigerating' fluid-into the expansion chamber 9, the valve 16 first having been opened, through the branches 11, conductor 10 which includes'the helical portion 13 and receptacle 12. The compressed fluid will be condensed in the helical portion 13 and will be deposited in the form of liquid in the receptacle 12. Upon entering the valve casing and passing the valve 16,'the

fluid will be converted into gas and passing into the expansion chamber 9 will efiect'refrigeration by reason of its expansion, in the ordinary manner. The exp nded fluid -will then be conveyed from the expansion chamber 9 .into the conductor 19, through.

the helical portion 2.1, and thence by the branches 20 it w1ll pass into the compressing cylinders 1 in W ich'itwill be compressed, andv will then b subjected to cooling" and expansion as above described. The con- "the predominance o gaspressure in the cylinder will force the ductor 22 being connected with the conductor 19 will be charged with fluid at the same pressure as'that held in the conductor 19.. Normally the pressure in the conductors l9 and 22 will be above the atmospheric pressure, so that the piston 25 and lever 29 will normally be held in the posit-ion de-. noted by dotted lines in Fig, 2. In" case that the pressure in conductors 19 and 22 should fall below atmospheric, the air entering the air inlet 24 of the cylinder 23, due to atmospheric over the piston 25 and lever 29 to the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 2, in whichposition the circuit will be broken and the'motor 7. being unsupplied with current will slow down, thus-causing the compressor to slow down in its operation. By turning the valve 16 so as to admit more. liquid intothe ex-. pansion chamber from the conductor 10,

.the pressure in'theexpansion chamber-will be increased, as will the pressure in con ductors 191 and 22, above the atmospheric pressure and the piston 25 and lever 29 will again be forced to the pOsitionshoWn in dotted lines in Fig. 2, thus again closing the circuit and .thereby the motor 7- will be supplied ,with current and will again run at full speed, thus driving the compressor at maximum speed. When it is desired to stop the action of the compressor this may be done by closing the valve 16. The compressor will soon reduce the pressure in the I expansion cha1nber9 and conductors 19 and 22 below atmospheric pressure, upon which the circuit containing the motor 7 willbe broken as already described, and the motor and compressor will cease operating. From the foregoing, it will be understood pressor may be caused to supply just the required amount of fluid to retain the chamber 8 at a predetermined temperature, When the temperature of said chamber lowers below this predetermined point, by reason of coolness. of the atmosphere or by reason of too much supply of refrigerant, the pressure that by regulating the valve 16, the comv in the chamber or conductor 9 will lower and the motor will stop, Incase the temperature rises above the predetermined .point by. reason of the refrigerator doors being opened or fresh-warm articles placed in the refrigerator, the fluid in the conductor 9 will be increased in pressure due to the in crease of temperature, and the motor will be againput intooperation.

My invention may be modified in different ways,'within the scope of the "appended claims withoutdeparting from its spirit.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcut is 1. In a refrigeratlng apparatus, the com- "binatlon with means. for compressing a re- 1 frigeratingfluid, of a motor for operating 1 said compresslng means, an expanslon chamber, a conductor for conveying compressed fluid from said compresslng means to s'aid expansion chamber, a return conductor for =-conveying the expanded fluid to said compressing means, andmeans controlled by the cpn'ductor for 6onstopped in operation whenthe pressure in 'saidreturn conductor rises above or falls below respectively the atmospheric pressure.

3. In arefrigerating apparatus, the com-' 'bination with'a compression cylinder, of a Having thus described my'invention, what piston mounted there1-n,.'a motor, means connected with said motor for operatin said lston, an expansion chamber, a con uctor or conveying compressed fluid from said -.s1on chamber, a returnconductor for concylinder to turn conductor'for conveyingthe expanded fluid from said chamber to said cylinder, and means by which increase and decrease in pressure in saidreturn conductor will respectively start and stop the running of said motor.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor, of means operated by the motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid, an expansion chamber, aconductor for conveying. compressed fluid from the compressing means to said expansion chamber, a valve controlling the discharge of fluid from said conductor into said expanveying expanded fluid from the expansion chamber to said compression means, and means controlled by the pressure in said return conductor for controlling the running of said motor.

5. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor, of means operated thereby for compressing a refrigerating fluid,.an expansion chamber, a' conductor for conveying compressed fluid from said.

compressing means to said expansion chamber, a return conductor connecting the exa pressing means to said expansion chamber,

ber, a cylinder, a piston reciprocative there.-

means for controlling the. discharge from the said conductor into the expansionchamin, a-return conductor connecting said chamberwith the compressing means, means actuated by said piston for controlling said mo:

and 'a conductorconnected with the return conductor and with said cylinder at one side of said piston. 1

7 In a refrigerating apparatus, the com bination with a motor located in an electric circuit, of current generating meansin said circuit, means for openingand closing said circuit, means actuated by said motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid, an expansion chamber, a conductor for-conveying compressed fluid from said compressing means to said expansion chamber, a return conductor connecting said expansion chamber with said compressing means, and means controlled by the pressure in said return conductor for controlling the operation of said opening and closing means.

said expansion chamber, a reexpansion chamber,

bination with a motor 8; In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor located in .an electiuc circuit, of current generating means 1n sa1d .circuit, meansfor opening and closingsaid circuit, means actuated by said motor for compressing}; refrigerating fluid, an expansion chamber, regulatable means for controlling t-he discharge'of compressed fluid into said expansion chamber, a conductor for .conveying' compressed :fluid from the compressing means to said expansion chamber, a return conductor-connecting sa1d expansion chamber with said compressing means, and

means by which increase and decrease in pressure in said return conductor operates said opening and closing means. 9. In a refrigerating apparatus, the enmbination with a-motor located in an electric circuit, ofeurrent generating means in said circuit,.opening and closing means in said circuit comprising a rheostat, means -'actu-- ated by said motor "for compressing a refrigerating fluid, an expanslon'chamber, a

conductor for conveying compressed fluid from the compressing means to sa1d chamber, a return conductor connecting said chamber with said compressing means, and. means controlled by the pressure in said res. turn conductor for controlling said opening and closing means.

.10. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor located in an electrlc circuit, of current generating means in said circuit, a rheostat'in sa1d c1rcu1t, fluidcomr pressing means actuated by" said motor, an a conductor for conveying compressed fluid from said compressing meansto-said chamber, a valve controlling the discharge of fluid from said conductor into said chamber, a return conductor con-- necting said chamber with said compressing means, and means controlled by the pressure in said return conductor forcontrolling the operation of said rheostat,.

11. In a refrigerating apparatus, the comlocated an electric circuit, of current generating means in said circuit, opening and closingmeans in said circuit, a piston, a cylinder inwhich said vpiston is reciprocated, means actuated by .said piston for operating the opening and closing means, means actuated by said motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid,- an expansion chamber, a conductor for conveying fluid from said compressing means to 'said chamber, a return conductor connecting said chamber with sa1d compressing means, and

a conductor connecting sa1d return conductor with said cylinder at one side of said piston. 12. In -a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a motor located in an electric circuit, of a current generator in said circult, a. rheostat 1n sai circuit, a cylinder, a

piston. reciprocative. therein for controlling said rheostat, means" actuatedby said motor for compressing a refrigerating fluid, an expansion chamber, two conductors for respectively conveying fluid from said compressing means to said chamber and from said chamber to 'said compressing means, and a conductor connecting one of said conductors with said cylinder at one side of said piston. j l

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, thecom- .b1nat1on'w1th a motor, a generator, and a rheostat all located .m an electric circuit, of

a cylinder, a piston reciprocative in saidfrom said compressing means to'said chamfirst named conductoninto said chamber,

and aconductor connected With said return conductorand with said cylinder at one side of said piston. i r

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this application in presence of two subscribing, Witnesses.

' JOHN HEINRICH.

Witnesses: 1 r

- E. B. HOUSE,"

E. '1. POWERS.

Images