US938923A - Grinding-mill. - Google Patents

Description

J. WALKER.

GBINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED 00129, 190e.

Patenned'Nov. 2, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

lILLlllIl Il J. WALKER.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED 00129, 190s,

938,923. Patented Nov.2, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. WALKER.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION HLED 09129. 190s,

938,923. Patented Nov.2, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3A J. WALKER.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLIoATxoN rum 00T` 2s, ma

938,923, Patented Nov.2, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W w W wwvvvvwvvvv JGHN WALKER, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

GINDING-KILL.

Specittcatlon of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1909.

Application ted October 29. 1908. Serial No. 480,011.

To atl whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JonaI Wannen. of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, hare invented certain new and useful lm rovements in Grinding-Mills. of which the ollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for trit uniting. mixing and levignting eranular material, especially of a more or lless oily nature, and my invention particularly relates to apparatus of this nature deslgned for use in the manufacture of chocolate from the cocoa bean. lleretofore it has been customary to produce the chocolate especially when it is to be used for the mannfactnre ot' eonfeetioiw, by means of a series of machines. 0f such machines. the first or stone grinder. commonly called a triple mill, is employed for grinding the cocoa beans. Said machine is heavy and bulky, usually weighing about tive tons, and it has been necessary to run such a machine at a very slow speed. Then it is customary to prepare the sugar in a mill. The vanilla beans. which are usually also emplofed, must. he run through a chopper w ich breaks up or grinds the vanilla to relatively small particles. 'lhen a fourth machine is used to levigato the three materials, said machine usually consisting of three or more cylinders or rolls revolving in peri heral contact with a ditl'erential speed, sait rolls rubbing only nt their point of contact. In addition to these machines, it has been usually necessary to employ n chaser which stirs or mixes the material thoroughly, this machine. usually consisting ut' stones rollingiv in a pun.

'lhe particular t'ilijeet ot' my present in rcntion is to )rovidc one single machine which will purlortn all ofthe functions of the above-mentionefl l'our or lire ditl'erent nuit-lunes.

With my nnichine. the dillercnt nulterials van he all pground and mixed together und during the lutter part of u single pass ofthe combined materials. they are leriggatvd lwtwci-u concentric cylindrical .surfnet-s which nreferuhiv taper for tlnpurpose ot' obtaining a tine znljnstnn-nt.

With my improved nun'hine. the ehm-olute und sugar ure. not only thoroini'hljI levigatell und mixed und tlne llnvoring uniti-rial Hur-h am runilln when neo-d. also thoroughly mixed with tlo vlowolute und sugar. but there is no loan or clonage in the natural t tlaror ot' the chocolate. This is because the triturutinlf, levigating and mixing;` are all performed between surfaces which arc ke n cool. 'l`he cooling, moreover, enables the machine to be run at a high speed.

Heretofore. so for as I am aware, the highest degree of subdivision and homogeneity of chocolate mixtures has been attained by the use of c linder rolling mills. Then erer' kind o chocolate had to be passed through the rolling machine several times eren when finely owderell sugar is included in the mixture. n this latter case. the effect ofthe rolling mill is rather that of thorough interlnixin f than of powderiug or lerigating. The est qualities of chocolate have been passed through such machines six or eight times or even more. ln the last of such operations, the material is often fed into the machine in the state of blocks. The rolls were made of granite of a nature possessing a hardness between that of porphyr)- and ordinary granite and is known by thc n ot be practically cooled by water circulation, nor could 1t be made practically into thle form of two cones, one fitting within thc ot ler.

malte the triturating and lerigating surfaces of steel. The outer conc or shell is made absolutely smooth in its interior excepting for a rather short feed or supply groove or channel. while the inner rotary member or runner is formed with grmlin-r or triturating slirnl ribs for a portion ot -its length. :i consu crnble portion ol' the entire surface nt the discharge end beiu; r absolutely smooth. lioth ot' the members taper. wln-.rchv the levigating surfaces eau he given abso ntely accurate relative positions h v shifting or adjustingr one member longitudinally relatively to the other. And hoth the stutionar and involving: members are kept cool ln' suitable means. such as hereinafter describe-i With this machine. uni therefore enabled to produce relined clou-olate rapidly uml without. losing or all'ecting the tlnvor of the tlun-ulnltl m of the t'nltilln or other {invul-ing material that may be incorporati-d with the minturl` ol' choro atv und sogut'.

(lf tlnaccompanying drawings. forming a purl oll this spi-ciliration. Figure l rcpresenta n longitudinal .wction of a unn'hinc embodying tnt' intention. l"i-:. .3 represent l u section on line 'Lb-.2 ol ["g. t, und on end name of dorite. Obviously, granite could f ln carrying out my invention, l am able to lllfl llt) elevation of the mechanism at the left. of said line. Fig. 3 re resents an end elevation of the portion o the machine below the line F ig. 4 iepresents a partial side elevation and u partial longitudinal section of one of the runners` shown in Fi r. l. Fig. 5 reprcnts the periphery of tie ruimer shown in Fig. l developed as a plain surface. Fig. 6 represents a section on line 6 6 of Fig. 4. F ig. re iresents a section on line 7-7 of Fig. 4. 1ig. S repiesents a longitudinal section of the shell which coperates with the upper ruiuiei' shown iii Fig. l. Fig. 9 re reseiits asectioii on line 9-9 of Fig. t5.

Tiie same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, which represent an einbodiinent of in v invention which l have shown for the purposes of illustration. l; represents a rigidly supported housing having a circular orifice, in which is fitted u shell c which constitutes the outer tixcd oi' non-rotiiry member of a grinding and lerigating couple. The internal face of the shell, which is circular in cross section, coo erates with an external face foi-ined by e periphery of a runner d, which is located within t e shell, the external face of the runner conformin closel to the internal face of the shell. .sich o the said faces is tapel-ed, as shown in Fig. 1, for purposes of adjustment. as presently described. 'lhetwo members of the couple are so related as to leave between their opposing surfaces an annular conical workin space extending from end to end of the she l and ruimer, the material to be treated being fed to one end of said annular space. and ejected from the opposite end after passing horizontally through the entire length of the spare hetween the opposing faces of the couple. 'lhe portion of the periphery of thc runner, which constitutes the inner side of the receiving end of the working, r space. is provided with screw threads 2 of a steep pitch. one side 3 of the threads at any given point (exceptiiip at the larger end portion of thc runner), icing substantially at right angles to thel axis of the runner. while the opposite side 4 is inclini-d to said axis. as shown clearly in liigs. 4 and 7.

The ortioiis of thc threads which coincido with the supply inlet 3l). hereinafter described, have the rectangular foi'in iii cross section shown iii Fig. tl. euch thread having ii i'i'ar sidii'i as woll as a front, side 3 arranged substantially al right. angles to the axis of the runner. 'Ilii-se rectangular portions of tliithreads are therefore separiiti'il b v spares t' wliirli nrc of gruiliiiilly decreasing width. as shown in Figs. -l aiiil Huid spari-a receive tho material fed through the iiilet :ttl unil facilitate its iiiorrinout to tlicniicci-eiliiig porlioiisof llii'tlii'iiiil which are sepiii'iitetl by iipiiccfi this hottoiiis caspita of which are formed by the inclined sides 4. When the ruiuier is rotated, the of the screw threads 2 coact with the interior face of the shell e to exert a feeding pressure on the niaterial fed into the workin space. tlie feed1ng pressure being in the direction indicated by the arrow a: in Fig. 1, while the ridges formed between the sides 3 and 4 bite into and grind or triturate the material. The inner surface of the shell corresponding or opposed to the rtionof the runner occu ied bv the screw t reads 2, has longitudine V- siatped grooves in its lar er end portion. siii grooves having relativ y dee portions 8 arranged to coincide with the ii et 30 and tapered abruptly from said deep portions toward the lar er end of the shell and gradually toward t e smaller end thereof. The abruptly tapered portions terminate a short distance from the larger end of the shell which has a short smooth internal surface 10 closely fitting a corresponding smooth surface 11 on the larger end of the runner, said surfaces preventing the material from exuding at the larger ends of the shell and runner. The grooves terminate at about the longitudinal center of the shell and the inner surface 12 of the shell between its smaller end and the ends of the ooves is absolutely smooth. The entire inner sur face of the shell and external surface of the runner have an endwise taper.

The Inaterial tio be treated is admitted to the receiving rtion of the working space through the in et 30, into which the material may be delivered by ii. mixin trough or by any other suitable means. 'llige o iposite end portion of the runner is provi ed with a smooth peripheral portion 13. The correspondiig or opposed part of the shell is provid with a smooth internal ortioii 12. the said smooth ortions 12 iin 13 bein practically in ru hing contact with eaci other at. all parts, so that they exert a rnbbing ressnre on the material passing throng the working space. and rei ucc to inipalpablc form by levi ation all particles which reach them throng i the other ortioinl of said space. The material issues roin the delivering portion of said space into a hood or dctlcctor y. which communicates with an outlet spoilt or passage li.

'llit` tapering grooves 7 in the shell uriiiugrd in the portions to receive thi` ontering material. and the spares t' between tlatliriails .2 at. the portion ot' tha runner which coincides with the iiilot 30. facilitate thiciitraiirc of the material into the working;r s aire between tlushell and runner. the au g'lei: foiiiicil by thi` grooves 'i' roi'i|wiiitiiig with the angles liu'nied h v the threads of tlm riuiiiir in reducing tliiiiiiitii'iiil lirfoi-n it reaches lha portion of the working spare wliirli is I'iii'iiiril h v the contacting portions of the surfaces It! and ttl.

llti

lill) The runner d is longitudinally adjustable l in the shell c, this longitudinal adjustability in connection with the tapering form of the reducing surfaces, enabling the width of the working space to be adjusted to any extent desired and with the utmost nicety. The means for adjusting the runner d and' for holding it at any osition to which it is: capable of being a justed, as here shown, comprise an external screw threaded hearing i which is one of the bearings lu which the shaft l which carries thc runner d is journaled, and 'is rigidly secured by ears l" (Fig. 2) to a ring i bolted to one end of the housing b. and an internally threaded collar or nut j which is enga ed with the runner shaft l in such manner t iat when the machine is in operation, the nlit j remains stationary while the shaft rotates. The nut j has at its inner end an inwardly projecting flange j and is provided internally with un inwardly iro'ecting abutment j. The shaft Z is provi ed lietween the anc j and abutment j2 with a sleeve l: whici has u rigid screw thread connection with tlle'shaft and with a collar m which hears against ouc end of the sleeve k, and against the inner side of the flange said collar being also rigidly engaged with the shaft.

n represents a ring which hears against the inner side of the abutment j. Between the ring il and collar m are interposed two rigs o, o', the inner sides of which are grooved to form a hall racc retaining a series of anti-friction balls v'. Means are provided for rotating the nut jupon the screw threaded bearing i", such rotation iving the nut a longitudinal movement. l hen this movement is in one direction the flange y" on the init is caused to art n on the collar m on the shaft and more the s lilft. endwise in one (li-- rection. All opposite lilorcinent of the nut causes the lllultmeut. j` to press against the ring il., this lrrssnrc bring transmitted through tlilbail race to the collar m, and causingr an endwisc movement of the shaft iii the saule direction.

The lult j may lurotated Il y ciigagcliient with trrlll j formed on its lcriphciy` of u .sllituhlc artuating?r device which may he a worin l allixud to a .shaft Il. as shown in Fig. 2. or a pinion f/ meshing with said teeth and rotulalilo step hy step lly a douille ratchet rf' pivote-d at q2 to a lever l," adapted to oscillatv upln thc axis of tho pinioil q. 'llu doulllo ratchet l is rcrrrsilllo so that it may rotatitlllpinion l] and the nut j ill vilhrr dirla-lion.

lu Fig. I l hawl shown a machine which ilu-ludos two grinding: and ll-rigzutiu v couples. ciu-ll comprising llli externally t irl-ildall ruullcl' and a llscd sli-cve inclosing tlu'. suino. alld ral-Ii having substantially the chnl'lu'll-lisliru alloro drsrrilwd. 'l'lw llului hers of the lowor couple as lloro shown nro larger than the upper couple, the larger ends of the shell and runner of the lower con le being arranged to receive the material charged from the members of the upper couple, said material passing tu the lower ample through the discharge spout or passage Il, which is continued through the housing b and one ciu] of the shell c of the lower couple. Since the material delivered to the lower couple has been considerably reduced, l do not consider it necessary to provide the shell of the lower couple with the longitudinal grooves i', and I muy oiuit from the run ner of the lower couple the rectangular forni given to the threads at the lar er end of the ruimer of the upper couple. l 'ith these exceptions, the construction of the lower couple, as here shown, is identical with that. of the upper couple. the mechanism for adjusting the ruimer heilig the saine in both couples excepting that the mechanism for adjusting the nut on the shaft of the lower oluiple is preferaily as shown in Fig. 3, ah e the mechanism for adjusting the nut j on the shaft of the upper couple is preferably as shown in Fig. 2.

The runner-carrying shafts ma he driven hv means of a driving pulley r a ed to the shaft. of the lower runner, and a sprocket chain l" connecting the sprocket wheels atiixed rpectivel;7 to the lower and upper shafts, as shown in Fig. 1.

s represents a mixing trou h which is mounted upon the housing o the. upper couple, an is rovided with a series of helical mixing ll ados n' attached to a shaft which is jourilaled ill the ends of the trough, and is driven hy a belt s* from the shaft of the upper runner d. The trough ll discharges into the inlet 30 of the upper couple. Completely reduced and leviguted material delivered hy the lower couple )asses from the machine through a disc argc spoilt t.

For the purpose of keeping the shells and the runners coul. I provide means for circulating a cooling medium, such as water, iu contact with said parts. 'lo this end the runner supporting .shaft is made tubular, lllntcrior constituting a duct. or passage l? which cuiunuuicatcs through openings t; with the intl-rior of the ruimer, while ral'll housing: has a chandler lll. the inner wall of which is follucil h v tlul shi-ll f'.

'.20 representa a supply pipil through which water may he pumped or forced ill any -suitulllc way into the. l-luunlicl' lJ ol' t-lu. lower housing. 2l represents a passa ro voulus-ting thc elullnllors of thi` lower um upper housings so that wlltl-r lori-cil illtll llu` rhaulla-l' ol' the lower housing' will ril'l-.lllilto through tho suini' and onli-l' into tho l-lullnlll-r of llul upper housing. Each nl' said llnnulll-rs is l-ollluu'lml lly ll pipo 22 with une olul ol' tlul corresponding runner shalt..

llll

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It will be seen from the foregoing that the liquid forced through the supply ipe 20 circulates through the housing c am rs 19 and emes through the pi 22 and portions of tliJe runner shafts to tie interior of the runners through which the liquid circulates, and then escapes through waste outlets 2:5, shown in Fi 1 at the right hand ends nf the runner s afts.

lt will now be understood that, when the cocoa is supplied to the trough s, it will pass down throu the feed passage or inlet 30 and will be itten into and first crushed by ridges formed between the sides of the rectangular portions of the screw threads 2 of the inner member or runner, and then by the succeeding ortions of said threads. and will be gradua ly worked around and advanced toward the smaller or exit end of the cooperating members or couple, reaching the absolutely smooth portions and there he rubbed and reduced and refined or levigaled until the material finally changes into the condition of chocolate. Owing to the tapered form of the two members of the couple and the adjustment, rovided for, as described, the material can e readily made to issue in com lete refined or levigated condition. An when granulated sugar is introduced with the cocoa, it will at the Sametime be thoroughly levigated. Any iiavorm material that may be employed will a so be mixed in.

The longitudinal adjustabilitv of the runner enables the same grinding couple to be used to reduce the material by successive operations with the same couple, the material heilig passed through with the runner at n given adjustment, and then again passed through with the runner ad'usted to eli'ect a liner reduction. The employment of two grinding couples, as shown in Fig. 1, however, obviates the necessity of passing the same material twice through the same grinding couple, the adjustment o fthe runner of the lower couple being such that it increases the reduction of the material that has heen passed through the first couple.

lt `will he understoml lhat the essential features` ol' my invention are that liu material or materiale: are absolutely raliln'd while hein;r mixed. thtl extent oi" the rubbing nurA faces lining such as to finish and thoroughly refine the chocolate.

'lhe material passes diria-.ily from the ridges' of the inner ineinhor to the '.oii )erating levigatiug surfaces, whirh latter l oronghly trlturate and mix or more emnplelely levigata tho materials. And all overheating which would nll'eet the sugar und eimeoiale is p11-.vented hy roviaions for koe ning both Harlin-es cool. (.noling is especial v advantageous when the tunneling sur ners are smooth to levigata tho material, no that the high speed, which is desirable, may he Inninained in use without injury to the chocoate.

It is to be understood that the object. of the provisions for coolin the inner and outer members of the mill is not with reference to the mill itself, but to the maintenance of the materials being o rated upon in such physical condition tial. the' are amenable to grinding and mixing uring their entire passage along the annular conical s ce between the outer member or shell and t ie inner member or runner. The said provisions for cooling enable the mill to grind and intimately combine cocoa, sugar and vanilla to produce sweet chocolate at a single operation because, althou h the close an continuous rabbin woul ordinarily h ave a tendency to un uly heat the materials, the said materials are in fact kept at a sullieiently low temperature so that the flavor is not injured. At the same time the materials as ground and mixed have no opportunity to harden during passage along the annular interspace the mill feedin along not by gravity but being crowded along the erevioes by mutual attrition. 'Ihis crowding of the materials along the crevices causes it to work over the tops of the space between the groove which tops are smooth end .brub the materials against the eoactin smooth opposing surfaces so that each o the mem rs has throughout its entire length, smooth attrition surfaces which are 1n close l'Proximity to enacting smooth attrition su aces of the other member. And it is to be noted that the annular space referred to is of a slow ta er of closely a proachin parallel grin ing surfaces, tie arge en being the feed end, thereby, in connection with the grooves of the runner, the walls of which are obtuse, cousin the material to be crowded along towart the smaller end of the taper.

When two grinding couples are employed the shell and runner of the Second or lower couple should be of greater diameter than the shell and ruimer of the first or upper couple, in order that the material parti reduced and delivered by the lirst coupe may pass through tho more restricted inter .space of the second couple practicidly as last as it passed through the inlerspace of the first couple, the runner of the second i-onple heilig adjusted lo make the interspaee narrower than the intnrspnee of the lirsl. couple.

lt is o )vinos that the machine muy he employed l'or grinding or reducing any other nuderinls besides those here s mailed, which rm nirel lo he kept cool whilel inning reduced.

claim:

l. A mill lor grinding and intimately 'olnllining roi-oa. sugar and vanilla lo produce wool ehorolnln al. a single operation, Huid mill crunpriaing n llxed onler nulnber llli and ii rotatable inner member, said members I tions huye inclined back faces, and means ha ving coacting, smooth, taperin surfaces in close proximity su .tantinlly throughout their operative length, and means for kce ing said members cool and the nmierials condition amenable to inding and mixing.

A mill for grin ing and intimately combining cocoa. sugar and vanilla to produce sweet chocolate at a single operation, said mill comprising a tixed outer member and a rotatable inner member, said members havin, r enacting, smooth. taperin d attrition surfaces in close proximity su stantially tlii'oiigliout their operative length, one of said members being ad'ustable longitudinally relatively to the ot er, and means for keeping said members cool and the materials boing treated in a physical condition amenable to grindin" and mixing.

Il. A mill or grinding and intimately combining cocoa, sugar and vanilla to produee sweet chocolate at ii single operation, said niill comprising a tixed outer member provided with un inlet at the receiving end portion for the supply of material, the inner surface ofsuiil member being Ismooth at the exit end portion. and an inner member having a portion of its periphery provided with triturating ridges and having a smooth snrfu at the exit end for the material. and means for kee ing said members cool and the imiterials ing treated in a physical rendition amenable to 'inding and mixin 4. A mill for grinding and intimate y combining cocoa. sugar and vanilla to produre .sweet chocolate ut a single operation, said mill comprising a fixed outer member provided with an inlet :it thc receiving end portion. and longitudinal grooves located between the receiving and delivering,r end port-ions. and terininutin iit n distanre from the. latter. the inner sur ace of said member being smooth between said grooves and the exit. end. and ali inner member having,r ii portion of its periphery provided with tritiiiiiting ridges: and having a smooth surface. at the exit end., and means for keeping said members cool. and the materials boing treated in a physical condition amenable to grinding and mixing.

5. mill for grinding and intimately combining cocoa. sugar and vanilla to produce sweet chocolate at ii single operation, said mill comprising u fixed outer member provided with an inlet at the receiving end poi-lion for the supply of material. thc inner sui'fme of said member being smooth at the exit. rml portion. and un inner member liiiving n portion of its periphery provided with tritnrnting ridges und having a smooth soi'- fuee iit the exitfenrl for the material, tho end portions of .unid ridges-i at. thi` receiving end of the mill being siil'ntiintinlly rectangular in croiiii wction, while tho remaining poring treated in a physical attrition g terials for e mg said members cool and the mi ing treated in a physical condition 1 amenable to grinding and mixing.

il. A mill for grinding and intimately combining cocoa, sugar and vanilla to produce sweet chocolate at a single operation, said mill comprising a fixed outer member provided with an inlet nt its receivin end portion for the supply of material, tie iiiiier surface of said member being smooth at the exit end port-ion, and an inner member having a portion of its periphery provided with tritiii'ating ridges and having n smooth snp orting tbe shell, a conduit connectini;v the .surface at the exit end for the material, and i-.ieiiiis for kee Jing said members cool and the materials ing treated in a phvsiciil condition amenable to i'indine and mixing, one of said members being adjustable longitiidinally relatively to the other.

'l'. A mill for grinding and intimately conihiiiing the ingredients of sweet chocolate, s iid niill comprising a fixed shell having an internal Smooth rubbing,r face, a rotary runner having an external face conforming to the internal face of the shell, a tubular shaft carrying said runner. a chambered housing supporting the shell, and means for circul-.itin a cooling inedinni through the shaft and ioiisi to cool the shell and runner.

8. A mil foigrindingand intimately com Lining the ingredients of sweet chocolate, said mill comprising a tixed shell having an internal smooth rubbing face, a rotary runner having an external face conformin to the internal face of the shell, a tubular s iaft eariying said ruimer, a chambered housing sha und the housing, and means for orcing a cooliii y medium through the said shaft, conduit am housing.

9. A mill forgrindin and intimately combining cocon. sugar aiu vanilla to produce street chocolate at a single operation, said mill comprising' a fixed outer member and ii rotatable inner member said members lixiviiig ooactiiig. smooth tapering attrition snrfaces in close proximity substantially throughout their operative length, one or both of the members having feeding;r groovesi and means for keeping: said members cool and the materials being treated in n plivsicnl condition amenable to grinding and mixin f.

l0. A mill for grinding and intimatcli combining eoeoii. sugar and vanilla to prodin-e sweet ehomlate at ii single operation. said mill com l-isin an upper and n lower grinding eonp e nach including a fixed outer member and ii rotatable inner member. said members having meeting. smooth tn airing attrition Fiiiifnres in close proximity snbstair inllv tliron hout. their operative length. oni` or both offr the membersl having feeding grooves. moana for i'oiidiieting material from one couple to the other, and moans for keepl1. A Windingr mill eompririiingir a fixed tapered stell` :t rotary tapered runner within the shell, a shaft Supporting;r the ruimer. a fixed externally threaded bearing: stu-rounding said shaft. a nut rotativelv mounted ou said hearing. :und connections between tht` nut and shaft whereby rotation of thel Init is caused to adjust the shaft ntnl runner entlwise.

12. A grinding ntill comprising a fixed tapered shell, n rotary tapered runner within the shell, a shaft su )porting the runner. :t fixed externally threat ed hearing surround in@P said shaft. u nut rotatively mounted on sind heurin". connections lit-tween the nut sind shaft whertby rotation of the nut is mused to adjust the shaftA und runner enden wine-. the nut, having u toothed peri iherv. :ind means adapted to eoperate witi said periphery. in rotating the nut.

t3. A grinding mill oornprieing;r :i fixed tapered shell. a rotary tapered runner within the shell, a shaft supporting the runner. a lixed externally threaded hearing:` Surroundn| f said shaft. it nut l'otatively mounted on .sind hearing und provided with an internal flange and un internal abutment.. and a ball rac-e engaged with the slnift and interpuwd between said flange and abutment.

ln tes-timony whereof l have affixed mv ignutm-e. in presenee of two witnesses. l

JHN WALKER. Witnesses:

C. F. BROWN. l. W. Pszznrri.

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