US931865A - Composite fiber and process of making the same. - Google Patents

Description

P. M. HAMLIN.

COMPOSITE FIBER AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

I APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1907. I '93 1 ,865, Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

' UNITED- STAT-as. oFFliQE,

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Specification Iiet terl lzgten t, Rat ented Aug; 24 190;

Application filed Kay 26, [907. Serial No, 876,567.

'To all whom it mag cement:

as 'it known that I, Pumsru M. l IuMnm, a citizen of the United States, resld mg at Shurnan' street, Catawissa, county of Columbia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Fiber and Processes of Making the Same, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The resent invention consists of a composite her and the process of manufacturing the same.

The fiber embodies wood cellulose and straw cellulose incorporated together when first reduoedfrom the wood and straw, so as to'produoe a fiber of composite nature having a Substance of homogeneous character.

The object of the invention is to produce a fiber having the qualities of both wood and straw cellulose, but possessing characteristics very different from, and su erior to any mere mixture made from previously manufactured wood and straw cellulose.

The incorporation of the two fibers is effected in a manner which avoids the use of a beating engine to intimately min le the fibers, the two bers being mingled W ile in aheated condition immediately upon their extraction from the raw materials. Thisis efi'ected by reducin the fibers simultaneously in separate digesting vessels by any suitable chemical treatment, and commingling the resulting fibers by blowing thcontents of the di esters into contact with one another in a sultable blow-tank. The fibers are thus combined'while'mingled with the chemical liquor required in the di esting process, and while they are still in a eated condition. which greatly softens the fibers and adapts them to commingle and interlace in a manner which can never be effected after they have cooled and the liquor has been washed from them. The amalgamation oi the fibers is greatlyfacilitated by the expansion or explosion of the steam in the tissues.

The product thus obtained is not a I mere mixture of bleached fibers.

The product-is not claimed in the presentappllcation, but only the process for producing it.

- Pine and analogous woods are largely employed for the manufacture of wood cellulose; but it is a well known fact that the cellulose obtained from pine and other analogous woods, while possessing considerable strength, is unsatisfactory for the manufacture ofstrong fine papers until subsequently treated in the refining engine.

The process employed 'for making wood fiber from pine'or other analogous woods produces a pulp of soft spongy character and uneven appearance, technically known as mottled, and this appearance can only be corrected by treating'the fiber in beating and refinin engines'for a suflici'ent' time to make the fi er smooth and uniform in appearance.

The chemical treatment employed in reducing the wood produces a long fiber; but

smoothing and hardening the wood fiber,

without diminishing its stren th by the'admixture of the'harder fiber o straw.

Straw fiber possesses a fiber of hard, dense character but too short to be used for making strong paper, and, I have found that by previously finished and combining such straw cellulose with the long fiber of wood cellulose, the straw cellulose in a peculiar manner is greatly strengthened while the wood cellulose is rendered harder and smoother. thus producing composite fiber which possesses a greater strength than the straw cellulose, and a greater smoothness and hardness than the wood cellulose.

invention can be practiced by combining the cellulose from pine or other analolnixture of fibers. but is a composite fiber of 3 gous Wood with the cellulose made from rice.

unbleached character. which is readily distinguished by its characteristics from any rye, whetgt, or other stra-w.

An apparatus which may be employed to practice this invention isshowngin a diagrammatic manner inthe annexeddrawin A being the wood digester, B thestraw digester and Othe'blow-tank. l I

6 D is amanhole u onthe wood digester to introduce the woo and the chemwa'lsrequired for reducing the same.

E is a pipe supplyingsteam" of-suitable temperature and pressure to the digester A;

10 I a blow-off cock at thebottom of the "di pipe connectingsuch pratice,into abafile tank C-Qwithint disintegrated.

tank so thatit is'thordughlg.

and mingled; and wash pan are shown beneath the blow-tank into which the. contents ofthe tank are a movable nozzle N; A, receptacle: 1 is; own-below the -P J t ce e th -.jfihe s-ir n 80 washed;- The worm-wheels of the blow-ofi cocks I, I, are connected b a shaft- Kf, ai id-. a shaft havin a hand-whee K is connected therewith by vel-gearsL sothat an opera-1 tor can'. empty both of the. digestersjsimul-l.

' ratel reducing the wood to produce wood roduce straw.

.taneously into the blow-tanks w The materials areintroduced into the-.respective digesters and ,treatedin such a manner that the reduction of both to fiber is concluded at-the same time, and theblow-ofi.

cocks I, I, are then simultaneously opened and 'the products of both di esters are discharged together into the b ow-tank. The

' blow-tank is commonly open: at thetpfi), The two fibers are .disc 'rged from' the gesters under suclli'flpressure and 'v'elo'cit that they are thoroug ydisintegrated an intimately mingled with one another,-and are so thorough homogeneous substance possess thequalities 0 both fibers and having di erent characteristics from any fiber. heretofore'known. i Such result is'produced bythe d-isruptijon of the tissues in contact with one another, in a heated and consequently soft condition, by

the expansion of the steam, and the explo-.; sive nature of the discharge; which min ice the wood and straw cellulose together w en discharged simultaneously from separate di;

The resence of the reducing-liquor during suc .intermingling' of. the-.tissues-alsohas a solvent effect upon the cellulose in the wood and'straw, and unites them in a more rfeet manner than is possible after they ave been washed or bleached, or subjected th ot m of h saves expense and labor in its The composite fiber may thus discharge-18mg, in

y amalgamated as to produce a.

-to any refining which would shorten mam plaimed herein is an uncom te in which the long fiber of w' and the short fiber of straw. 1

are intimately ical treatment sof eflectively combined paper*machine.,-;.-This composite fi r is readily distinguished by its color from. any

mingedwithout any mechanmixture of previously manufactured, or .bleached fibers. This duplex or composite I fiber is capable ofmaking a dense, strong, high-grade pa per, and can be used without treating it mjurio'usly in a engine, j nd. its method offmanufacture therefore, avoids injury to the wood-fiber while t gerep'aration.

prepared .for use inmakin hi hade af rs'withg g fifoi-ttei" out impairing the stren ber. The means for making this composite .fiber by reduction of the two materials separately and blowingthe products together, under pressure, is not claimed herein; butis made the subject of a separate application, No. 375,568 filed May 25 1907.

Having thus set "invention what is claimed herein is:

1l'The' process of making a composite -fiber of wood cellulose and straw cellulose, which consists in simultaneously but sepacellu ose and thestraw to cellulose, and then mingling t e wood celluliquor 1 2.,Theprocess of making a com os'ite iorth the nature of the fiber of wood cellulose and straw eel ulose,

multaneously by se arate treatments, and

.-'which consists first, in reducing the -wood and straw to fiber with chemical liquor 'sisecond, simultaneou y discharging the two fibers with the chemical liquor under ressure into contact. with one another .to isintegrate them and unite them nto a composite" 3. 'The process of making a com "site" fiber of wood cellulose and straw cel ulgsa" simultaneously disintegrating the.

twofihersgin contact with one another to mingle and amalgamate themthorou'ghly. I 'l w! hand in e presence of two subscrib ng .VULASKI M. HAMLIN.

wi ness fj -witnes s J G. :VA wmim,

ELIZABETH "Da Ham.

ereof I have hereunto set-

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