US930575A - Process relating to refractory substances. - Google Patents
Process relating to refractory substances. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US930575A US930575A US49267109A US1909492671A US930575A US 930575 A US930575 A US 930575A US 49267109 A US49267109 A US 49267109A US 1909492671 A US1909492671 A US 1909492671A US 930575 A US930575 A US 930575A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- refractory
- process relating
- refractory substances
- binding
- pulverized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710125089 Bindin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[AlH3] XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 chamotte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/12—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromium oxide
Definitions
- chrome-iron ore is not generally employed for other than the abovementioncd purpose is the difiiculty experienced in uniting or binding the particles of the pulverized mineral.
- the degree of cohesion should be sufficient to enable the material to withstand the pressing or other treatment in making blocks, bricks, or like shaped pieces, as also all the phases of the firing or baking process; and when once given a 'firm, solid form it must be capable of retaining such for a sufficient period of time-in industrial use.
- chromic acid or a chromate e. g. potassium or so dlum chromate, or potassium or sodlum bi- -chromate
- a chromate e. g. potassium or so dlum chromate, or potassium or sodlum bi- -chromate
- the pulverized chrome ores can be bound, pressed in the ordinary manner, dried, and tired at a sufficiently high temperature.
- the product retains its coherence. in all phases of the drying and firing operations as there is al-wa s a bindin constituent present.
- the part played-by the chromic acid is an extremely peculiar and wholly unexpected one. Itnvill be found that-the briqnets or blocks formed when a binding-liquid containing chromic acid is used, stiffen after a short time (a few hours) in such manner that they can be shaped by hand without the employment of hydraulic presses. ,They
- a refractory material which will thoroughly resist the reducing; flame, which is not sufficiently the case with I chrome ores, there may be employed insteadof these some other refractory substance such as native orburnt magnesite, refractory clay, chamotte, or mixtures of these sub stances, bound by the new liquid. 7
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
g "nnrran siraa psgarnnr @FFEQE.
ROBERT TRIPMAGHER, OF SOHWEIDNITZ, GERMANY.
PROCESS RELATING TO REFRACTORY SUBSTANCEI E.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Aug. 10, 1909.
' Application filed April 28, 1909. Serial No. 492,671.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, ROBERT T RIPMACHER, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Schweidnitz, Silesia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ProcessesRelating to Refractory Substances, of which the following is a specification. I
It is well known that certain minerals, esperially those belonging to the spinel group, both natural and artificial, are refractory in a. high degree. One of these minerals which withstands particularly high temperatures is, for instance, chrome-iron ore (chromite), whose chemical formula is FeCrO This material has consequently long been employed in pieces for lining the sole of the hearth of many kinds of metallurgical furnaces and the like.
The reason why chrome-iron ore is not generally employed for other than the abovementioncd purpose is the difiiculty experienced in uniting or binding the particles of the pulverized mineral. For in practice it is necessary that the degree of cohesion should be sufficient to enable the material to withstand the pressing or other treatment in making blocks, bricks, or like shaped pieces, as also all the phases of the firing or baking process; and when once given a 'firm, solid form it must be capable of retaining such for a sufficient period of time-in industrial use.
Prior methods of overcoming the difficulty. such as the employment of artificial (21c. chemically manufactured) aluminium hydrate (Al (OH) as binding medium for the pulverized chrome-iron ore, have not proved satisfactory viewed from an economical standpoint; or the agents which it has been proposed to add to the disintegrated chrome-iron ore for the purpose ofbinding it have been found impractical, since owing to their nature and the percentage in which they have to be added they too greatly diminish the degree of refractoriness which constitutes the most valuable feature of the ore.
According to my invention I employ as bindingagcnt for the pulverized chromeiron ore materials which are for the most part removed again in the course of the treatment, and yet insure thorough cohesion in all stages of manufacture, and yield a final product which haslost little or nothing of the highly refractory character of the ore.
In making my new binding-agent I dissolve in molasses or a similar saccharine solution boric acid or a borate (6.9. borax),
together with-a small quantity of chromic acid or a chromate (e. g. potassium or so dlum chromate, or potassium or sodlum bi- -chromate), and very finely emulsify naphtha In practice I prefer first to dissolve the boric acid in hot water, to obtain a concentrated solution, as it is but difiicultly soluble in cold water; to this solution I add the chromic acid; and then I mingle the m0- lasses. Hereupon I add the naphtha and thoroughly stir to insure uniform distribution. This results in the naphtha distributing itself in a state of-extraordinarily fine emulsion. Apparently this is due to the percentage ofalkaline constituents of the molasses. VVith the liquid so obtained. the pulverized chrome ores can be bound, pressed in the ordinary manner, dried, and tired at a sufficiently high temperature. The product retains its coherence. in all phases of the drying and firing operations as there is al-wa s a bindin constituent present.
The part played-by the chromic acid is an extremely peculiar and wholly unexpected one. Itnvill be found that-the briqnets or blocks formed when a binding-liquid containing chromic acid is used, stiffen after a short time (a few hours) in such manner that they can be shaped by hand without the employment of hydraulic presses. ,They
can then be pressed at once in the ordinary manner without any danger of their falling to pieces. In fact this subsequent pressing may even be omitted, or for instance only employed when it is desired say to stamp the manufacturers name or to render the edges of the blocks sharper. A particular advantage of this method is that blocks of othcr shape than the usual bricks can be readily manufactured, since the high pressure otherwise requisite is unnecessary and all danger of the blocks cracking or collaps inn is avoided. ("hromic acid, therefore. in
l hen a refractory material is required which will thoroughly resist the reducing; flame, which is not sufficiently the case with I chrome ores, there may be employed insteadof these some other refractory substance such as native orburnt magnesite, refractory clay, chamotte, or mixtures of these sub stances, bound by the new liquid. 7
Having thus described my invention, 1 declare that WhatAI claim is- 1. The process of binding refractory substances, consisting in treating the same in pulverized condition with a liquid which Econsists of a saccharine solution, and a chromiumcompound, in which naphtha is emulsified, substantially as described.
2. The process of binding refractory substances, consisting in treatingthe same in pulverized condition witha liquid which consists of a saccharine solution and. it"llioronand a chromium compound, in which naplltha is emulsified, substantially, as described. 3. The zprocess of binding refractorysub stancesl'consistiug in'treating the same in pulverized condition with a liquid which consistsflif a saccharinesolution, and-a chro- 3 mium compound, in which naphtha is einuls'ified, with the addition of a fiuorid, substantially as described. p v e. The process ofbindiug refractory suly stances, consisting imag n the same in pulverized condition with a liqllld which consists of a saccharine solution, and chromiaf acid, in which naphtha is emulsified, sub:- stantially as described.- v f 5. The process of binding refractory substances, consisting in treating lthe same in, pulverized condition with liquid which consists of a saccharine solution',-an( l bor I and chroniic acid, in which naphthais emul sified, substantially 'as described. a v
In testimony whereof I afliir my in presence of two witnesses.
ROBERT TRIPMAQHER,
Witnesses: I
Smormnn LUSTIG, EnNs'r KAl'rz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49267109A US930575A (en) | 1909-04-28 | 1909-04-28 | Process relating to refractory substances. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49267109A US930575A (en) | 1909-04-28 | 1909-04-28 | Process relating to refractory substances. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US930575A true US930575A (en) | 1909-08-10 |
Family
ID=2998998
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49267109A Expired - Lifetime US930575A (en) | 1909-04-28 | 1909-04-28 | Process relating to refractory substances. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US930575A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2433415A (en) * | 1947-12-30 | Refractory composition |
-
1909
- 1909-04-28 US US49267109A patent/US930575A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2433415A (en) * | 1947-12-30 | Refractory composition |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2363371A (en) | Process of forming briquettes, bricks, or solid agglomerates | |
| US3316083A (en) | Briquetting of foundry materials | |
| US1992482A (en) | High-pressure brick containing magnesia, and process of making the same | |
| US1911189A (en) | Metal coated refractory material and process of making the same | |
| US3141785A (en) | Refractory shapes and method of making same | |
| US261430A (en) | clapp | |
| US265962A (en) | James henderson | |
| US2051002A (en) | Refractory composition | |
| US520377A (en) | Ernest nienstaedt | |
| US1729496A (en) | Process of making briquettes or nonmolded lumps of comminuted minerals for metallurgical purposes and the product of said process | |
| US1616192A (en) | Unburned refractory brick and method of making it | |
| US710916A (en) | Lining for converters or furnaces. | |
| US2076884A (en) | Method of producing a dolomite brick | |
| US2051003A (en) | Refractory material and method of making same | |
| US371233A (en) | Thomas twyistam | |
| US2076883A (en) | Method of producing a lime brick | |
| US350922A (en) | Lining for converters and furnaces | |
| US266145A (en) | Jaimes henderson | |
| US1418648A (en) | Refractory material and process of making same | |
| US350921A (en) | Lining for converters and furnaces | |
| US1744547A (en) | osi dessatt | |
| US757531A (en) | Preparing iron pyrites for desulfurization. | |
| US180822A (en) | Improvement in composition for lining puddling and other furnaces | |
| US302279A (en) | Paving-block | |
| US1146455A (en) | Binding means for briquets. |