US929602A - Transmitter for electric telegraphs and the like. - Google Patents

Description

C. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOR BLEGTRIG TBLEGRAPHS AND THE LIKE. APLIUATION FILED APH,11,1904. 929,602, Patented July 27, 1909.

4 8HHETB-BEBET 1.

In? a g 54%? I 1 M324 O. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOR ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS AND THE LIKE.

APPLIUATION FILED APR. 11, 1904.

G.- L. KRUM.

TRANSMITTER FOR ELEGTRIG TBLEGRAPHS AND THE LIKE.

APPLIOATION r1122!) APR.11,1904.

929,602. Patented July 27, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.4 (tow-meg 0. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOB ELECTRIC TBLEGRAPHS AND THE LIKE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED API.11,1904

Patented July 27, 1909.

4 SHEEN-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES r ijENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. KRUM, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'ronoaxmm flfiMPANY. OF CHICAGO,

. .ILLINOIS, A oonrom'mon.

TRANSMITTER Font-morale TnLEonArns AND THE LIKE.

di'stant stations may be selectively operated "and is particularly-applicable in connection 1 with automatic operating telegraphs in which varied combinations of code impulses,

keepin with the difierent signals are to be'transmltted over the line. i The improvement seeks to ple andefi'ectiv'e apparatus y which the combinations" of' code im 'u'lses. or signals, ma be rapidly transmitte with distinctness an! 'rcgularit andthe invention consists in the C(ll'l'lbllliltlOIlS and arrangement of. parts i hereinafter set forth; illustrated in the accompanying drawings andmore particularly pointed out in the appended claims, In the drawings Figure 1"isv :t diagram j mafi'c'view of the "improved transmitter and an operating circuits therefor. Fig. Zis a lonf gitudina' section through the cnntrollin lncchanism for the transmitter. y 3=an 1 i4 detail cross-sections on'lin'es respectively of Figs 2. Figs. .5 and 6 are dia rammatic view's'o'f modified arrangements ibr the operating relays antl circuitsf The present improved transmitter come "prises automatic switch mechanism preferablynctuated by a set of rela s to ignpart'af succession of 'imphlscs tolthc in'e in conned preferabl actuated tion with mechanism a set of finger-keys, i or control in the operation in aCCOKdilnCcflVllih the d1 erent s gg nalsv to be transmitted; The fautomatlc switch mechanism preferably comprises a series of pivotally mo'unted switch shifters 10 actuated by a set of relaysfll; Suitable meafnsare provided foractuating the several relays and switch shifters in order to im-- 5 0 not a successiouof impulses to the line. or this purpose, the coils of the several frelays are arranged upon multiple arc Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed April 11, 1904. Serial No. 202,882.

irovide'ia sim-.;

Patented July 27, 1909.

branches 12 extending between the conductors 13 and 14 of a power or local circuit derivingcurrent from adynamo or battery 15,- or from any other suitable source. In each of the several energizing branch circuits 12; with the exception of the branch circuit 12 for the first relay'of the set, are interposed a pair of normally open spring contacts 16 and the contacts in the energizing circuit of each relay is controlled, as shojwn, by the switch shifter 10 of'the receding rela That is to say; the first reiity and'switcli shifter are arranged to close the energizing circuit through the second relay of the set; the secv end. is arranged to close the energizing circuit through the third relay and so on. So that, when the first relay 0 the set is energized, the rest will be successively energized to automaticallyo crate the several switch shifters 10 in or er. Suitable means are arranged to be actuated by the several switch shifters 10 so that, at each 0 ration of the "set,.a succession of impulses Wlll be imparted to the line. For this purpose, the line 17 is prov'idedwith a series of branches in accordance with the desired number of impulses to ,be transmitted at'each operation.

hree such branches, indicated by the num'erals' 1, 2 and 3, areshown in the present arrangement, A pair of normally open contacts 18 areinterpdsedi breach of the line branches andiU-th'e arrangement shown in Fig. 1 these'contacts are arranged to be closed by the peer-enema: the first, fourth and seventhswitch shifters qnd'relays of the set. S'oalsogapltiref' normally closed contacts ,1'9' areainterpesea ih e'ich of the line branches. 1, 2 and 3' and'these' contacts are :irran "d'td'iie o penby the o er'ittibn of the tliirdgsiiitii'mhd ast switch s iftevrsa nd relays (if the "closed at-eitcliyoperationjof the set ozbrelays and 'switchshifterss 'lt'will b eeeerstooe of course, that 'tlie number oj iine branches and the 'number'bf controlling switch shifters ma be varied 'as desired.

uitahle contro'llin mechanism is provieled .for closing tie energizing circuit throughthe first relay of" the circuit and for variably modifying the impulse transmitted to the line iii accordance with the different By-this arraiigement, the V 'line btancfhes'will be'suecesslvelyopened and characters and signals. This controlling mechanism preferably comprises a series of finger-keys 20 and a series of switch shifters 21 corresponding to and operated by the several finger-keys. Each switch shifter 21 is arran ed to operate a set of contacts 22 and preterably, a separate set of contacts 1s employed for each character or signal to be transmitted. In the diagram Fig. 1, for the 'sake of clearness, only two sets of these controlling cont-acts are shown. It will be understood however that there will be as many sets as there are characters or signals and a corresponding number of switch shifters and actuating finger-keys. In the arrangement shown, the several sets of contacts 22 "are each made up of four pairs, 1, 3 and if; of normally open spring contacts, all of which are closed by the operation oftlie corresponding switch shifter 21 to suitably confnect the line branches 1, 2 and 3 with a series of battery branches in accordance with the signal or character to be transmitted, and also to close the energizing circuit of the first relay 11 and thus initiate the automatic operation of the set of relays.

Six batterybranches 4, 5,, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are shown in the present arrangement, but any suitable number could 1' e employed. Battery branches 4, 5 and 6fa1 e connected to one side of a split batter or dynamo 23 or other suitab e source 0 current, and battery: branches 7, 8 and 9 are connected to the opposite side of such battery or dynamo. A. conductor 24 connects the split battery or dynamo 23 with the ground or with a return line wire. Difl'erent resistances 25 are antcrposed in batterybranches 5, 6, 8 and 9 so that current impulses of three d1iferent strengths, both osltive :tnd negatn e, may be transmitted y suitably connecting the battery branches to the line.

For convenience in making the connectionsythe several circuits and branches are connected to -terminal distributing bars. Line branches 1" 2 and}; are connected one to each of the d stributing bars 26; conductors 13 and 14 of the local and power circuit are connected respectively to the separate distributing bars 2 and the ttery branches are connected one to each ,0 the distributing bars 28,. To the several di ibuting bars 26, 27 and 28 the separate deg Leona-oiling contacts22 can be conveni nnected m accords ce with the difierent s I -be transit) tted. The pair of contacts 4/6 eazlr set22Iare connected, by, conductors '30 W1 h the d' 'buting barst27 local, or power circuit from the sourcyp cm'if n kio-will be cldsed through the first relay- 11 liG'initiate the operation of the set of relays. This" circuit ma be traced from the source of current 15 y conductor 14 through the energizing branch 12 which parts ofcontacts 16 and 18. B

ee 1 than whenever any of I ,e switch shifters 21 is actuated, the, 1

includes the first rely/l/fi of the set, and which also includes the magi et and the contact 7-1, and which leads to the conductor l3, thence by conductor 3 to one of the dis tributingbars 27 by C01 Euctdrs $0 and contacts 1 to the other dist ibuting bar 27, and thence back to the ba tte y. or dynamo 15, The, pairs of contacts 1, 2 are variably conneclfizd to he terminal bars 26 and 28 of the li and battery branches. For exam le, in the set of contacts shown to the riglit in Fig. 1, the first pair 1' are connected by conductors 31 to the terminal distributing bars of line branch 1 and battcry branch 9; the pair of contacts 2' are connected b conductors 32 to the distributing bars of ine branch 2 and battery branch 7 and the pair of contacts 3 are connected by conductors 33th the distributing bar of line branch 3 an the battery branch 8. When this particular set 01 contacts is opersated, the local or power circuit from battery 15 is closed and may be traced therefrom by conductor 14 to the multiple branch 12 through the first relay 11, and from thence by the conductor 13 to one of the distributing bars 27, through the conductors 30 and air of contacts 4: to the other distributing ar 27, ano from thence back to the battery or. dynamo 15. The first switch shifter 10 of the set will then be operated to close the closing the pa rfof contacts 16, the energizing branch '12 ofthe local or ower circuit through the second relay will e closed from the source of current 15 to one of the distributing bars 27 by conductors =30.,;,an d contacts a. to the other distributing bar 27, thence by col1 ductor 13 to the switch contacts 16 controlled by the first relay magnet 11 and thence through the branch 12 and second rcla magnet to the conductor leland back to t e-source of current 15. By the operation of the second relay, switch contacts 10 in theenergizing circuit of thc'third relay will be closed, and so onuntil all of the relays 11 of the set have been actuated.

A certain amount of time is of course re- .nired to ma ietize each relay in turn so 1; lat as a set of relays operate, the normally opened and closed contacts 18 and '19 will be operateddn order to .:uccesslvely close and (H611 the several line branches 1, 2 and 3. 'lhis operation takes )lace when any of the finger keys areo crate That 'sto sa ,anv

and 3' of each set.

one of the finger ceys which represent t e ditferent characters will clog the circuit through the first relay 1 1. The first relay thencl'oscs thisircuit through the second and the second through the third so that when any key is i operated the set of relays are automatically energized in succession hrsuccessively open and close the line branches '1, 2 and 3. The nature of the impulsesthns transmitted is varied for each of the different cl'laractcrs by variably connecting the several batteryv branches with the line branches. Whemthe contacts 18 in line branch 1 are closed, the current may be traced from dynamo or batter 23 through battery branch 9' to Its (11S-' tri uting bar 28 by conductors 31 and con tacts 1' to the distributing bar of line branch 2 '1, thence throu h the line branch 1 and the contacts18 an 19 therein to the line 17, a and thence back through the ground or return wire to conductor 24 and battery 23. In this manner a relatively weak, negative impulse will be first transmittedrover the line. This circuit will be broken as soon as 16 the third relay of the set is operated to open the switch contacts 19 in ine branch 1. When the fourth relay of the set is ener ized the contacts 18 in line branch 2 will be c osed i and the current may be traced as follows: I froth battery 23 through the battery branch "Qto. its distributing bar 28 by conductors 32 v d contacts 2' to the distributing bar of ine branch 2, through line branch 2 and the --contacts 1 8 and 19 therein to the line17 and hack through ground or return wire to the battery, so that a strong, negative impulse is to the line. The circuit is broken assoon as thesiiztlr relay of the set is actuaged open'j the contacts 19 in the line bran 2 Similarly, when "the seventh and ninth relays'fif the set are energized, line --bfiinoh 3 "will sucoe'ssivel c osed and opened and inasmuch as this ine branch is connected to batt e branch 8 by conductors and contests 3 a'- negative impulse of mediurn strength win b transmitted to the,

, line. In this manner the pairs of contacts" 1",.2" and 3 in each of connect the several line branches 1, 2 and 3 @{Wifll any of the batter branches so that the difl'erent sets may.

.diiferent combinations 0 positive and nega' Lhtive impulses of diifererit stren he may be transmitted in keeping with t e diiferent signals or characters. For example, inthe shown to the left in Fi 1, the conductqi's 31 from the pair 0 contacts 1 connect the distributing bars of line branch #1 and battery branch 5, the conductors 32 gifrom the contacts 2' connect the distributin .bars of line branch 3 and batterybranch sand the conductors 33 from the contacts 3" -.connect the distributing bars of line branch 2 and battery branch 4, so that the signal transmitted to the line when. this set of contacts is operated, will consist of a positive impulse of medium strength followed b a strong positive impulse and a weak impu se. The pair of contacts 4"of this set, as with tliose of" all the other sets of contacts, are

connected to the distribntin bars '27 of the localompower circuit whici is thus closed toeifect the automatic successiveoperation of the set of relays, 1'1 and switch shifters 10.

By providing the autoziijaticallyloperated 5 switch shifters and relays, the circuitis. rap strip 45 is provided with projecting abut-.-

most conveniently arra idly opened and closed to transmit the successive impulses with great re larity and distinctness. The character o the transmitted impulses are conveniently modified in keeping with the particular code emplo ed by the, set of finger-keys and switch shi ters o erated thereby.

It will c understood that the number of line branches, operating relays, battery branches and controlling contacts for. connectin I be varied as desired and that the connections effected by the controlling switch shifters between the line and battery branches may be varied in keeping with anysuitablecode.

'Any suitable mechanical arrangement of the finger-keys and switch shifters operated thereby may be employed, but that illustratedin Figs. 2, 3 and 4 is preferred. This arrangement comprises a base-board 34 and the finger-keys are mounted upon a. pivot rod 35, en ported by' uprights 36 upon the base-board? The finger-keys 2.0 are preferably pivoted on the rod between their ends, as shown and the rear end of the keys normally rest upon a cross. stop-bar-37 at the rear of the base-board At the front end of the base-board, a second cross stop-bar 38 limits the downward movement, of the forward end of the keys. Guide pins 39 u on uprights 41a second pair of uprights 43 are secured upon the base-board 34 at their upper ends by a cross bar 44. On this cross bar 44. are secured a series of de ending strips 45 each provided with latera ly bent upper ends through which pass screws 46 which the line and battery branches may hold. the stri s in' lace upon the cross-bar I '44, On the ront ace of each of the front strips 45 is mounted one of the sets 22 of thc controlling contacts. As above stated, each set of contacts comprises four pairs and are f ed upon the corresponding strip 45 in two rows (see Figs.

3 and 4) with" four contacts in each roa The upper en'd's of the several 5 ring contacts are secured to an insulate block 47 upon the sup orting strip 45 by screws 47 and are insu ated from one another and from the screws b thp strips 48. One of the contacts of'eac pair is extended below 'theother (see F g. 3) and these extended contacts are properly s need from one anothefi by an insulating b ock 49. 'An insulating lock 50 upon the face of the supporting ments 51 which ex end through enings in the contacts and operl space t 1e shorter contacts of each pair. 11 the contacts are so arranged that their lower ends tend to press inwardl supporting strip 45 but the insulating bloclt 50, with its abutmcns 51 and the insulating block 49, properly space the several contacts apart so that all of the pairs are normally held in open position.

The switch shifters 21 consist of L-shaped pieces fulcrumed as shown, upon the lower ends of the supporting strips 45. A screw 52 passes loosely through an o )eniug in each shifter 21 and serves to ho]; it upon the lower end of the strip 45, but in such a manner that it is.free to move thereon. The upper limb of each shifter engages the inner contact of each row upon the support and is normally held by the )ressure of the spring contacts against the ace of the strip 45,, as shown. An insu-l tin abutment 53, upon the upper limb of a he shifter is interposed as shown, between the latter and the contacts. A rearwardly extending arm 21 is secured to, or formed in piece with the lower arm of each of the L-shaped switch shifters, and is arranged to be en a ed by a suitable abutment. upon the and o t e correspondin finger-key 20. These abutments are re erably in the form of plungers 54 whio are vertically movable through clamps 55 secured to the rear ends of the fingerkeys. A spring 56 is coiled about each of the plunger-s and extends between the u per face of the clamp 55 and the head 0 the plunger so that the latter is normally held in uppermost position. When any finger-key is operated, the switch shifter is moved through the medium of the spring plunger 54 to close the four pairs of contacts of the particular set correspondin thereto. The spring plunger forms a yie ing connection between the linger-key and the switch shifter and is so arranged that the contact s rings may be firmly. pressed into engagemen during the greater part of the stroke of the finger-key. Moreover, the flexible connection cases and steadics the key action so that the finger-keys may be rapidly manipulated by the operator in sending a message. The n ward movement of the rear ends of the shi ters is limited by a transverse sto -bar 57 secured between the uprights 41 an extending above the rearwarcily extending shifter- .arms 21. In operation, these shifter arms are firmly pressed by the spring'plungers on the finger-keys tohold" the contacts firmly into engagement. Furthermore, it will be observed that the plungers 54 simply e'n age and are not connected .to' the switch Shi rs so that while the shiftersand finger-keys move together 'from urinal position they maybe returned indep .ndently.

toward the face of the swung forward. vB

An insulating support 58 is conveniently mounted upon the cross-bars 42 and 44 and carries the distributing- bars 26, 27 and 28. Each distributing-bar is provided with a row of binding posts or screws 58' to which the connections may be convenient] made.

Preferably suitable means is provided for locking any selected shifter in place until the signal is completed. For this pur ose, a series of latches 59, one for each 0 the switch shifters, is mounted upon a transverse bar 60. The latter is carried upon a pair of arms 61 pivotally supported by a shaft 62 on a suitable support 63, which is convenientlysecured to the under side of the insulated top plate 58. A crossbar 64, between the upper ends of the arms 61 forms the armature of an electro-magnet 65, which is carried upon the sup ort 63. A screw 66 is threaded through a ownwardly extended lug 67 upon the support 63, engages the armature 64.- and forms a back-stop therefor. The several latches 59 are each independently pivoted between a pair of lugs 68 upon the transverse bar 60 and a series of springs 69 extend between the upper ends of the latches and a plate 70 secure to thesup ort 63. By mcans of this spring all the late we are nor-- mally held against stops 71 upon the trans verse 'bar 60 and, since the springs are arranged below the pivot shaft 62, they also serve to hold the transverse bar 60 in its outermost, normal position with the armature 64 in engagement with its back-stop 66. The electro-magnet 65 (see Fig. 1) is interosed in the energizing circuit 12 of the first relay 11. When any key is operated, the power circuit from battery or dynamo 15 is closed as above described, through the enerizing circuit 12 of the first relay and also, 51ml! h the locking magnet 65, so that armaturnis attracted and transverse .bar 60 this movement the hooked, lower end 0 one of the latches 59 is hl'ou'ht beneath the rear arm of the selected s ifter and it is thus held in position independently of its finger-key to hold the.

set of contacts in closed position. The lower end of each of the locking pawls 59 is rovided with a beveled face 72 and witi a squared face 73. If the circuit through the 5 locking magnet 65 is closed before the switch shifter has moved to the end of its throw, iii-11121 on the shifter will en age the beveled face 72 of the corresponding atch and force it to move about its ivot against the tension of sprin 69 until t 1e hook of the latch can ch nge t ie under side of the arm. By thus independently mounting the several latches 59, any selected switch shifter can complete its stroke and be locked in shifted position. '2 even though the circuit through the locking magnet 65-is closed before the end of its movement is reached. But, when any of depression of the finger-keys may be verv sli ht and therefore can be rapidly operat tmset opens the contacts 74 in the ener izing circuit 12 in the first relay so that t 0 set v be rapidly 0 era'ted -to establish the proper lected shifter has been operated and locked, none of the other switch shifters can be operated since the lower, squared ends 73 of the locking pawls are swung over the rear ends of the switch shifter arms 21'.

A pair of normally closed contacts 74 (see- Fi 1) is interposed in the energizing circuit 12 through the locking ma net and are arranged to be opened by the operation of the last switch shifter 1-0 of the set, so that as soon as the signal is completed the locking magnet 65 is denergized, t e selected shifter released and the corresponding se of 'contacts 22 returned to open osition. he connections, between the inc and battery branches are thus opened and the local power circuit through the set of relays broken so that all parts of the apparatus are returned to normal condition in readiness to transmit the succeedin signals.

The transmitter is especially applicable for speedy work in connection with automatic or printing telegraphs. The finger-keys may connections tween the line and battery branches in accordance with the diflerent characters and the switch mechanism operates automatically to successively connect the line branches to the line so that thespeed and rapidity of transmission of an one combination of impulses are indepen ent of the speed and rggularit-y of the shift of the fingenkey. y this arran ement the code impulses may be morespee ily and rapidly imparted to the line than by transmitters in which the finger-keys are arran ed to suecessively and directly connect t e batter branches to the line. Moreover, with this arrangement in which the finger-keys and switch shifters operate to simultaneously make connection with the several battery branches instead of successively, the extent 't it is desired to repeat any particular signal or character, the corresponding fingerkey is held depressed. The set of relays 11 will then operate in order as above described to transmit the signal. The last relay'of the of relays are then successively deiinergized and the switch shifters 10 returned'to normal. lVhen the last switch shifter 10 of the returns to normal position and contacts 7 4 again closed the energizing branch circuit 12 through the first relay 11 of the set. is again closed and thev relays again auton'iatically operate in order to transmit the signal. The arrangement of the automatically operated set of relays may be widely varied without departure from the essentials of the invention. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the first relay of the set serves to close the line branch 1 and the third relay of the '65 set to open the same. The second relay is interposed merely to sli htly prolong the impu se thus transmitte and thus insures that it will be made manifest at the receiving end of the line. For similar reasons, the fifth and eighth relays are interposed between the opening andclosing switchesof line branches 2 and 3. :If desired, for transmitting lon and short signals Sdots and dashes) or in other words, variab y timing 75 the code impulses, certain of these interposed or i dummy relays may be omitted or two of them may be interposed between the open? ing and closing relays of any line'branc For more speedy operation the arrange ment of the re a set shown in Fi 5 Tpould be employed. T e circuits throng 1 th s set of relays are successively closed in the them nor previously described and ,the last relay of the set serves to open the energizing circuit through the first relays: .In this arrangement, the first relay is arranged to close line branch 1, the second relay..o ens the contacts 19 in line branclr 1 and c oses the contacts 18 in line branch 2. The third relay opens the line branch 2 and closes line branch 3 and the last relay opens line branch n The successive impulses may be prolonged if desired, by interposing choke coils a 7 5 1n the separate lmebranches or by interposin dummy relays in the manner previous y described. The impulses could also f 1 i be prolonged by;- arranging the pairs of contacts 16, 18 and 19 so that the line b1'anches.-...

would be opened and closed just before the 10 contacts 16 are closed to energize the succeeding relays. In the arrangement shown in Fi 6 the line branch.1 1s opened ands branc branch 2 is opened rid branch 3 closedby .1 5

the same relay as in he arrangement shown in Fi 5. But three contacts only areenr, ployed-for successively opening and closing the branches. The first relay closes the contacts 18 in line branch 1, which istraced L 0 as follows: from its terminal bar 26, through 2 a the contacts 18, conductor .76, to contact 19 which normallyenga es contact 77, from, thence by conductor 8 to switch contact 19" in normal engagement with the contact 115.

79, and from thence by conductor 80 to the normally closed contacts 19 and to the line 17. On the o eration of the third relay. contact 77 is s ifted into engagement with contact 18, thus opening the line branch 1 129. and closing the line branch 2- from its terminal bar 26 through contacts 18 and 77, a

conductor 78 to contacts 19' and 79, and conductor 80 through contacts 19 to the line.

The fifth rela shifts contact 79, opens branch 2 and closes ranch 3 from it's terminal bar 26 through contacts 18 and 79, conductor so through contacts 19 to the line. The last 2 closed by the same relay, and; Q

relay of the set opens the contacts 19 and the energizing circuit of the first relay. Relays 2, 4 and 6 in this arrangement are merely interposed to slightly prolong the succeeding impulses.

It is obvious that numerous changes could be made in the arrangement of parts and details of construction, without departure from the essentials of the invention.

By the term battery branches in the followin claims is meant branch conductors connecte to any suitable source of current.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line circuit, of a set of line branches all normally disconnected from the line, means automatically acting to successively connect said branches to line, a set of ,battery branches, means for varying the stren th and polarity of the current transmitted through said battery branches and controlling mechanism for variably connecting said line and battery branches.

2. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line circuit, of a set of line branches all normally disconnected from the line, means automatically acting to successively connect said branches to line, a set'of battery branches, means for varying the strength and polarity of the current transmitted throu h said battery branches, a series of fingerfire s and a series of switch contacts controlle by said keys for variably connecting said lineland battery branches.

3. In transmitters for electric tele raphs and the like, the combination with a fine, of a. set of line branches, means automatically acting to successively close and 0 en said line branches, at set of battery branc i'es, separate independent sets of switch contacts arranged to variably connect said line and battery branches and a series of operating finger keys, the switch contacts in each set being operated only by one of said finger keys.

4. In transmitters'for electric tele phs and the like, the combination with a line, of a set of line branches, means automatically acting to successively close and o 11 said line branches, a set of battery branc es, separate sets of distributing bars connected respectively to said line and battery branches, separate sets of switch contacts for variably connecting said sets of distributing bars and an operating finger-key for each set of contacts.

5. A transmitter for electric t'elegraphs and the like comprisin a set of relays, means 'for operatin said set of relays in order, means control ed. by said set of rela s for imparting a succession-of im ulses to t e line at each operation of the set and a series of controlling keys for modifying the imparted impulses. i

(i. A transmitter for electric tclegraphs and the like, comprising a set of rglays, means for opouating said-set of relays in order, means controlled by said set of relays for imparting a succession of impulses to the line at each operation of the set, a set 01" key operated switch shifters for modifyin the imparted impulses and means for bolding the selected switch shifter in operative position until the succession of impulses transmitted thereby is com leted.

7. A transmitter for eectric telegraphs and the like comprisin a set of switch shifters, means automatictilly acting said switch shifters in order for imparting a succession of impulses to the line, a set of key actuated controlling devices for modifying the strength and polarity of the imparted in'ipulses and means for holding the selected controlling devices in shifted position until the signals transmitted thereby are completed.

8. A transmitter for electric telegra hs and the like comprising a set of switch shifters, a set of relays automatically acting to operatgsaid switch shifters in order for impartingiisuccession of impulses to the line and controlling key mechanism for variably modifying the impartcdnmpulses.

9. A transmitter for electric tclegraphs and the like comprising a set of switch contacts, electrical means for automatically operating said switch contacts in order to impart a succession of impulses to the line, key controlled devices ior variably modifyng the imparted im ulses and means for h ding the selected ey controlled devices in eratiye position until the signals selecte thereby have been transmitted.

10. A. transmitter for electric telegraphs .and the like comprising a set of relays, the energizin' circuit of each being controlled by one othe preceding relays of the set means controllin the energizing circuit oi the first relay 0% the set, a set of switch shifters operated by said relays for imparting a succession of impulses to the line a set of keys 'and means controlled by said keys for variably modifying the imparted :i'mpulses.

11. A transmitter for electric telegraphs and the like, comprising a set of relays switch contacts in the energizing circuit 0 each of.said relays controlled by the preceding relay of the set, whereby the set of relays will operate in order 'when the first relay is actuated, means compellin the complete operation of said set of refays when the first relay is actuated means controlling the energizing circuit of the first relay of the set, means operated by said relays for to operate line a set of keys and means controlled thereby for modifying the imparted im ulses.

12. A transmitter for electric te egraphs and the like comprising a set of relays switch contacts in the energizing circuit 0 each relay controlled by the preceding relay of the set, a set of SWltChSlllftOlS operated in order by the set of relays for successively closing and opening the ine circuit to impart a succession of impulses thereto, ontrolling key mechanism for the energizing circuit of the first relay of the set an modifying the im arted impulses and means for compelling tlie complete operation of said set of relays when the first relay of the set isoperated.

13; In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line circuit, of a set of line branches a set of relays for successively'connectingsaid branches to the line'circ'ult, a set of battery branches, key mechanism for controllin the operation of said; relays and for varia ly connecting said line and battery branches and locking means associated with said key mechanism for compelling the complete operation of said set of relays when any key is operated. 14. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line, of-

a set of line branches all normally disconnected from theline, switch contacts in each of said line branches, a set of relays controlling said contac'ts, means for operating said set of relays in order to impart a succession of-impulses to the line and means formodifying the im arted impulses.

15. In transmitters or electric telegraphs and the like, the combination'with a line circuit, of a. set' of line branches, normall opened and normally closed contacts in eac of said branches, a set of relays controlling said contacts and means for o crating sai relays in order to successive y close and open said line branches'to impart a seriesof impulses to the line.

16.'In transmitters for electrietelegraphs and the like, the combination with' a. line, of

a setcof line branches, a set "of relays controlling said'line branches for imparting a succession of 'im ulses to the line v gizing circuit 0 each of said relays bein controlled by one of the receding relays o the set, means for contro in the energizing 'circuit of thefirst relay 0 the set means compelling the complete operation of theset of relays when" the first relay is operated,

and means for modifying the imparted im-' '17. In transmitters for electric tele phs and the like the combination with ajl1ne,of a set of line branches, switch contacts in said line branches, a set of relays controllin said switch contacts, the energizing circuit for and the like comprising a set of circuit in each relay controlled by receding relays in the se ,pneans o1 troll? 100 the enerof each of said relays being cohtrolled by or:

ranches and means for compelling the 18. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combinationwith a set of relays connected in multiple arc in a com--; mon circuit, switch contacts in the multiple arc branch of each relay controlled by one of the preceding relays 'of the set, meansfor control ing the flow of current through the first relay of the set, means compelling the complete operation of said set of relays whti the first relay of theset' isoperated mill means controlled by the operation of said: set of relays for imparting a succession oi variable modified impulses to the line. 19. A transmitter for electric, tclegraplii switch shifters, means for actuating the same iii order to transmit a succession of impulses to the'line at each operation of the set and means'controlled by the last shifter of the it a normal. lm

20. A transmitter for electric tbleigrhp' and the like comprising a set of rela i means for operating said relays i qrilh i comprising switch contacts in thee e'glzin n of the or restori g' ant liy the last relay of the set s conl rela s to normal condition and means trolled by said relays for tiransmittin cession of impulses to thellime at mi] ation of the set. 21. In transmitters for efectric telegraphs and the like, the combination. with the key} operated switch shifters controlling the,

transmissionof signals to the line, of meant;

-for locking any selected shifter and an electro-magnet controlled by said shifters for actuating said ldpking means.

22. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a set of switch shifters, means'for actuatingsaid shifters in order to transmit a \SLICCQSSIOH of impulses to the line, controlling mechanism comprising a set of key-operated switch I shifters, a lock for holding any selected shifter of the latter set and means controlled by the last shifter of the first mentioned set for releasing said look. a

23. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the'combination with {a set of relays, means for operating said set of relays in order to transmit a succession of impulscs to the line, controlling mechanism comprising a set of key-operated switch 9f said locking shifters, a lock for holding an selected shifter and means controlled by tie last rclay of the set for releasing said lock.

24. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line, of a set of line branches, switch contacts in said li'ne branches, a set of relays controlling said switch contacts, normally opened switch contacts in the ener izing circuit oi each relay controlled by the preceding relay of the set, whereby said relays will be operated in order to impart a succession of impulses to the line, a set of battery branches and controlling mechanism comprising a series of switch shifters and separate sets of contacts controlled by said switch shifters arranged to close the energizing circuit of the first relay of the set and to variably connectsaid line and battery branches.

25. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a line, of a set of line branches, switch contacts for closin r and opening said line branches, :1 set 01 relays controlling said switch contacts, normally opened switch contacts in the energizin circuit of each relay controlled by the prece ing relay of the set, a set of battery branches, a series of key-operated shifters, separate sets of switch contacts operated by said shifters for closing the energizing circuit through the first relay of said set and for variably connecting said line and battery branches, electro-magnetic means for locking any selected shifter, an operating circu'ittherefor arranged to be closed by the operation of any of said key-operated shifters and means controlled by the last rela of said set for opening the operating circuit means. 7

26. In transmitters for electric telegrap'hs and the like, the m'bination with a set of relays, switch-con acts in the ener izing circuit of each relay controlled by t e preceding relay of the set, whereby said relays will operate in order, circuit closing and opening devices controlled by said relays forimparting a succession of impulses to the line and means for prolonging the interval between the operation of said circuit closing and opening devices.

27. In, transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a set of relays, switch contacts in the energizing circuit of each relay controlled by the preceding relays, whereby said relays will operate in order, circuit closing devices operated by certain of said set of relays and circuit openin devices operated by other of said set of rel ays to impart a succession of variably modified impulses to the line, certain other of said tween said circuit closing and openin relays. 28. In transmitters for electric te egraphs and the like, the combination with a single line circuit and .Witha. series of finger-keys,

spring contacts,

, and the like,

ated thereby,

set of relays being interposed be keys, separate independent sets of switch contacts, one set for each switch shifter and finger key, each set comprising multiple pairs of normally 0 en contacts arranged to )e simultaneously c osed by the corresponding switch shifter and means controlled by the several sets of'circuits for transmitting a succession of impulses to the line.

. 30. In transmitters for electric 'telegraphs and the like, the combination with a set of finger-keys, separate sets of switch shifters corresponding to and operated by said fingerkeys, each set comprising multiple pairs of an insulated mount for supporting and separating said contacts and insulating abutments engaging the free ends of said spring contacts to hold the same in normally open position, of each set of contacts being arranged to be simultaneously closed by the corresponding l finger-key.

31. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a set of finger keys, of a set of switch shifters cor responding to'and actuated b said fingerkeys and yielding connections inter osed between said finger-keys and switch 5 ifters.

32. In transmitters for electric tel-egraphs and the like,

the combination with a set of pivoted finger-keys, of-a set of fulcrumed switch shifters corresponding to and actuated by said finger-keys and a set of spring plungers mounted onsaid finger-keys and engaging said pivoted switchshifters.

33. In transmitters for electric telegraphs the combination with asset of pivoted finger-keys, of a set of fulcrumed switch shifters corresponding to and actusaid switch shifters being arranged above said finger-keys and a series of cushioned springs interposed between said keys and shifters,

34. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a series of finger-kc s and with a set of corresponding switch s ifters actuated thereb aset of latches for locking any selecte shifter, a slip ort whereon said latches are mounted and meanscontrolled by saidswitch shifters for moving said support to lock aiiyselected shifter.

35. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and means controlled by said switch shr ers:

and the like, 'the combination with a series of s' and with a set of correspondin switch s ifters actuated thereby, a set 0 latches -tor locking any selected shifter, a.

shifting support whereon said latches are mounted, an actuating magnet for said support and means operator by said switch shifters for controlling the energizing cirrnit through said magnet.

cuit, of a set of line branches, transmitter means automatically acting to successively connect said branches to line to im art a series of impulses thereto, a set 0 battery ln'nncnes, a set ofkey controlled switches for 1 initiating the operation ,of said transmitter mcansand for variably connecting said line and battery branches to modify the transmittcd impulses and means compelling the complete operation of said transmitter means when the-operation thereof is once initiated.

In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like, the combination with a lme .ciredit, of a. set of line branches, transmitter means automatically acting to successively connect said branches to line to im art a series of impulses thereto, a set 0 battery branches, :1- series of finger keys, selecting switches controllpd by said 'finger keys for variably connecting said line and battery branches to modify the imparted impulses, moans controlled by said finger keys for initiating the operation of sai transmitter means and a locking device controlled by said finger keys for compelling the complete operation otsaid transmitter means, after the operation thereof is once'initiated.

39. In transmitters for electric telegraphs and the like,the combination with a line circult, of a set of line branches, transmitter means automatically acting to successively connect said. branches to line to im art a series of impulses thereto, a set 0 battery branches, a series of fingerkeys, selecting switches controlled by said-finger keys for variably connecting said line-and battery branches to modify the imparted impulses, means controlled by said finger keys for initiating the operation of sai transmitter means, a lock for holding said' selecting switches in shifted position and means con trolled by the complete operation of said transmitter means for releasing-said lock.

' 40. in transmitters for electric telcgraphs and the like, the combination with a line cir- -and the like, comprising a set of der, means control cult, of a set of line branches, transmitter means fior successively connecting said "branches line to transmit a series of impn'lses thereto, a set of battery branches, a series :O'f fin or keys, switches controlled by said fin erteys for variably connecting said line-an battery branches and for initiating the operation of said transmitter means, a locking device for holding the selected switches in operative position and for preveiiting'the operation of any other of said switches and means controlled by the com- :plete operation of said transmitter means for releasing said lock.

41. A transmitter for electric telegraphs relays,

means for operatin said set of relays in oraer, means control ed by said set of relays forimparting a succession of impulses to the line at-each operation of the set, a series of controlling keys "for initiating the operation said set of relays and for modifying imparted impulses and means for compelling "the complete operation of said set of relays when the operation thereof is once initiated. 42. A transmitter for electric telegraphs and the like, comprising a set of relays,

means for operating said set of relays in ored by said set of rela s 'for imparting a succession of impulses to t e line at each operation of the set, a set of key controlled devices for initiating the o era tion of said set of relays and for modi ying the imparted impulses and means for bolding the said key controller] devil-cs against lnoven'leiit during the operation of said set of rela s.

41. transmitter for electric telegraphs and the like, comprising a set of relays, means :for operatin said set of relays in ordcr,-means control ed by said set of rela s 'for imparting a succession of impulses tot ie line at each operation of the set, a set of key controlled devices for initiating the oaeration of said set .of relays and for modi ying the imparted impulses, means for holding said key controlled devices in operative position and means controlled by the complete operation of said set of relays for restoring said key controlled devices to normal.

A transmitter for electric lclrgraphs and the like, comprising a set of relays, means for opcratin" said set of relays in order,'means controlled by said set 0f:lt)ltl forimparting a succession of impulses to the line at each operation of the set, =1 set of key controlled devices for initiating the operation of said set of relays and for moditying the imported impulses, a key controlled lock for holding said key controlled devices against movement during theoperation of said set of relays and means controlled by the complete operation of said set of wings for releasing said lock.

45. transmitter for electric tolegraphs and the like, comprising a set"of rela s, the

, circuit of each relay trolled b circuit of each relay being con! rolled y one of the preceding relays of the set, whereby the set of relays will operate in order when the first relay is operated, means controlled by said set of relays for imparting a saccession of impulses to the line, a set of finger keys, devices variably controlled by said finger keys for effecting the operation of the first relay of the set and for variably modifying the imparted impulses and means controlled by the complete operation of said set of relays for restorin said key devices and the circuits of said relays to normal.

46. A transmitter for electric telegraphs and the like, coinprisin r a set of rela s, the eing control ed by one of the preceding rela s of the set, whereby the set of relays wil operate in order when the first relay is operated, means controlled by said set of relaysfor imparting a succession of impulses to the line, a set of fin er keys,- devices variably controlled by said finger keys for efieoting the o era-v tion of the first rela of the set an for variably modifying tide imparted impulses, means for holding said" key controlled devices against movement during the operation of said set of relays and means iconthe comp ete operation of said set of re ays for re toring said devices to normal.

47. A transmittey for electric telegraphs and the like, comprisin a set of rela s the circuit of each relay eing control ed by one of the preceding relays of the set, whereby the set of relays wil operate in order when the first relay is operated, means controlled by said set of relays for imparting a succession of impulses to the line a set of finger keys, devicesyariably controlled by said finger keys for effecting the operation controlled of the'first relay of the set and for variably modif ing the imparted impulses, a lock controlle by said finger keys for holding said. devices against movement and means controlled by the operation of said set of relays for releasing said lock.

48. A transmitter for electric telegraphs, comprising a set of relays, the circuit of each relay being controlled by one of the preceding relays of the set, whereby said relays will operate in order when the first rela is operated, a set of switches control ed by said relays for imparting a succession of impulses to the line, a set of finger keys, a switch 0 erated by all of said finger keys for contro ling the operation of the first relay of said set, selecting switches variabl operated by said finger keys for modifying the imlparted impulses and means for preventin r t e movement of said key operated switc ies until the operation of said set of relays is completed.

49. A transmitter for electric telegraphs, comprising a set of relays, the circuit of each relay being controlled by one of the precedinp relays of the set, whereby said relays, will operate in order when the first rela is operated a set of switches control ed by said relays for imparting a succession of im ulses to the line, a set of finger keys, a switc i o ierated by all of said finger ke s for control mg the operation of the first re ay of said set selecting switches variably o erated by said finger keys for modifying tie imparted im ulses, locking means controlled by said nger keys for preventing the movement of said switches and means controlled by the complete operation'of said r lays for releasing said lock.

CHARLES L. KRUM.

Witnesses:

ALBERTA AnAMicit, LinmAN PREN'IIUE.

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