US928974A - Process of obtaining by-products from gases. - Google Patents

Description

lG.' HvILGENSTOGK. Pnocnss of OBTAINING mmonnows FROM GASES. y A APILIUATION IKILED DEO. 3, 1908. 8,974, Patented July 27, 1909.

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'cusfrav HILcENs'rooK, or DAHLHAUsEN-oN-THE-RUHR, GERMANY."

' To all whom it may concern: Be 1t known that I, GUsTAv 'HILGEN- srocii, a sub j ect ofthe King oi' Prussia, E1neror .of Germany, and a resident `of Dahl-- "us en-on-the-Ruiir', Westphalia, Kingdom of l'crussia, Germany, have invented certain newand usefullmprovements in Processes of- `Obtaining Buy-'Products from Gases Reslltin" from the Dry Distillation of Coal and other' aterials, of which. the following is a specification. v The removal of tar from the gases, resulting vof' the dry distillation of coal and other y materials`; has' been formerly effected by A f lin andwashing the gases; the ammonia salts eing obtained by distilling the amvu ionia lipor with steam in special stills and 'leading t 'e' vapors irito an' acid bath. Nowadays'tlie terrdencji` is to remove the tar at higher temperatures in order to conduct the Gases freedpfrom tar directly into the acid bath for obtaining ammonia in the form of salts. I l

According t'o'my invention the removal of tau is highly simplified and facilitated by dividing the gases after their formation in retort's 'or cokebvens fractionally into two parts,l a larger and a smaller one; The latter part'of the last 'hours of the distillation of a charge, which is practically freefrorn tar, is .added to the former and larger par-t after the same by any method `has been 'freed from tar.

This process oders special advantages `for eliminating the tar from the gases at higher temperatures, preventing the condensation of water and therefore allowing the direct precipitation of the ammonia salt in the saturater by means oi' an acid.

The best method of eliminating the tar at high temperatures is that by means of the tar injector, in which method tar,gas water containing tar or both are pressed into an injector, drawing in the gases and mixing 45 them with the tar, gas water or both so that the gases containing tar are 'thoroughly' mixed within the injector; the injector here- I by serves a double purpose, iirst` purifying the gas from tar and then assisting the draft of the gases by its sucking power. By means of the tar injector it is possible'to re-l move the tar at once, the remainder being so small that it maybe practically neglected:

e In the accompanying drawings a plant i'sdiagrammatically represented, by which thespeeination ci tercera Patent. Application Bled December 19 0`8.-= Serial No. 485.21'1L Patented July 27,I 1909.

i process-fis carried out .in combination with coke ovensior the recovery of. by-products. Figure 1 shows tazplan-view oi' the plant,

.valve 7 to the gas conduit'S.

Fig. 2 shows a section on the line A--B of `Figl 1,v Fig; 3 shows a section onthe line 6e- Referring to' the drawings, 1 is a colte-oven, -2Y the doors which are airtightly closed; each oven hasan o enin'gl conducting to the stand-pipe 4`, t roug which the gases are 65`v drawn off.A Pi e 4 1s connected .by valve 5 to the hydrau ic vmain and by `a second As long as the gases of distillation still;l j contain tar, which vis the case till severalWo-"i hours before the colring process. is iinished, they are conducted linto the hydraulic nzaln 6, through the open valve 5, whereasvalve '7 remainsclosed. The gas collected in the hydraulic main is conducted through pipe 9 to #di the tar injector 10, by which .the gas is; drawn in and pressed forward. The tar in' jector is of the same construgtion asthe steam injector, but instead oillstarn thin and pressed tar is used. Within tl. :nozzles 11 of 80 the tar injector the tar coming from the tube 12 is brought into intimate contact with the hot gases coming from the tube 9, whereby. nearly all the particles of tar are renzovedj from the gas. 'he tar is collected in the ves- '85 sel 14; partjof the tar is used 'for operating the 'tar injector. A centrifugal pump 15, driven by motor 16, draws tar from suc` tion vpipe 17 and forces it through pipe 12 into the injector, While the valve 18 regu- 90 lates the quantities to be drawn in. The excess of tar iiows ofi' through pi e 19. The I gas cleaned by the tar injector, eing so hot'` that no water is condensed and containing valve 7 is opened; the gas `from these ovens is 105 ver;T hot and nearly free from tar. This gas is drawn from the collecting irain 8 by a blower 22 driven by motor 23, .pressed through tube 21 and mixed with the f -iean gaslcoming from the tar injector. 'ille ggg,

mixtureis then conducted through tube 24 into the saturater 25 for directly obtaining ammonia in theform of salts.A rater25 the gas is brought into lntlmate contact with the acid by means of the diving' i tube 26 reac`h1ng below the level of the acid.

27 is a lead pipe with valve 28through which as much acid Vis continuously added as is Wasted in the saturater in order that' the bath Within the saturater retains its acid character. The ammonia salt depositing at ythe lowest part Within the saturater 25 is drawn out fro'm'time to time through a suction tube 31 connected with an ejector 29 to Which steam is conducted through valve 30 the salt is deposited on the platform 33 by means of tube 32. In case the ej ectorshould other materials consisting in dividing the frst quantities of gases from the retorts or coke ovens, containing the greater part of the tar yield from the latter quantities of the' gas-from the retorts or. coke ovens, containing relative little tar, removing the tar from the 'said irst quantities of gas and then combin` ing thelsubstantially'tar-free'gesso produced with the said latter quantities of the gas.

2. The process' of obtaining by-products from gases of dry distillation ol coal andv other materials consisting in dividing the first quantities of gases from thel retorts 'or 4corke ovens, containing the greater part of In the satu-V the` ar yield fromme-later quantities (if,

the gasrOI'n the retorts or coke ovens, con#` taining relative little tar, removing the tar -from the said iirst quantities of gas and then combining the substantially tar-free gas so produced with the said latter quantities of the gas, and then leading the combined gases directly-into the acid bath for obtaining ammonia salts.

3. The process offobtaining vb -products from gases of dry .distillation o coal and other materials consisting in dividing the first quantities of gases from the retorts or eolie ovens, containing the greater part of the tar yield from the vlatter quantities of the gas from the retorts or coke'ovens, containing relativelittle tar, removing the tar from the said first quantities of the gas by injecting tar therethrough, and then lcombining the substantially tar free gas' with thel said latter quantities of the gas.

' 4. The process of. obtainingb T-products from gases of dryrdistillation o Acoal and other materials consisting in dividing the first quantities of gases from the retorts or coke ovens, containing the greater part of 4 the tai` yield from the latterI quantitiesof the l gas from the retorts or coke ovens, containing relative little tar, removing the tar from the said first quantities of the gas b injecting tar therethrough, and then com ining the quantities of the gas, and then leading the substantially tar-free gas with the said latter I combined gases directly into the acid bath vfor obtaining ammonia salts.

-In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib ing witnesses.

, GUSTAVKHILGENSTOCK.

Witnesses:A

. Louis VANDORN,I

H. STELZER.

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