US928907A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

G. P. DILLER.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 3,1908.

928,907. Patented July -20,' 1909.

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WITNESSES: [NZENTORZ' 026 601260 EDaZZen' BY 6M CHARLES I. DILLER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 20, 1909.

Application filed July 3, 1908. Serial No. 441,769.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. DILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces more especially for steam boilers.

It has for its object to increase the efficiency of fuel now in general use by aug menting or promoting the combustion of the carbon and gases more completely than has heretofore been practical.

The coal or fuel is supplied or fed in relatively small quantities and the combustion action or fire thus maintained not too thick on the grate while the delivery of obliquely directed currents or streams of air as hereinafter disclosed has the effect of producing a forced draft or air supply principally through the fuel-bed, with an auxiliary or supplemental air-supply at the rear end of the furnace-fire, to burn the gases arising from the coal or fuel, the temperature in the furnace being maintained at a height sufficient for the ignition of said gases. The entire fire immediately over the grate is maintained for a proportionately longer time than would otherwise be possible, the gases thus having ample time and space for effective or complete combustion before being allowed contact with the boilersurfaces.

Additional objects of the invention are to relatively reduce the consumption of fuel, to obviate giving off smoke and to lessen cost of fuel consumption.

The invention consists of certain features or instri'imentalities substantially as hereinafter fully described and defined by the claims.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating the preferred embodiment of my invention Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through a steam-boiler furnace with the boiler in place thereon, showing said invention as applied thereto for actual use, Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same, Fig. 3 is an enlarged rear elevation of the same, Fig. 4 is a transverse section produced through Fig. 3 on the line mm.

In practicing my invention I suitably arrange transversely within a furnace 1 of a steam-boiler for support upon the bridgewall 2 thereof a header 3 preferably angular in cross-section as disclosed in Fig. 1 and set into the upper part of the forward, higher end of said wall, with one end extending through a lateral wall of the furnace and communicating as at 1 with the outside air for the reception and passage of the latter therethrough and final delivery as later described into the combustion chamber. I also provide a multiplicity of upstanding or vertically disposed air-supplying members 5 having their lower ends terminating in stems 6, each inserted through an opening, in a plate or piece of channel iron 7 superposed with relation to the header 8, and through an opening in the latter, as shown. Said air supplying members 5 have their said stems thus adapted to open into the header 3 for forming communication therewith and to provide for the reception by said airsupplying members of outside air from the latter. The air supplying members 5 vary or increase in length from a central point, below the boiler, each way laterally, and are thus adapted to conform at their upper ends to the general outline of the lower surface or half of the boiler shell and have their said ends arranged contiguous to said boiler-surface as clearly seen in Fig. 2, in order that their air-delivering capacity as will be more fully seen presently, may be effective for treating all of the pass ing heat currents or gases from the combustion chamber. Each air supplying member 5 is preferably of the general outline disclosed and itself comprises integral duplicate spaced-apart air supplying tubes 5 each preferably of diamond cross-sectional outline, the lower ends of said air supplying tubes uniting and communicating with the passage of the stem terminal thereof. Each air supplying tube 5 has its rear converging walls or faces provided with numerous apertures or openings 8 through which the air admitted to said air supplying tubes is delivered in oblique or diagonal streams or currents upon the carbon and gases liberated from the ignited fuel or coal in the combustion chamber to thoroughly mix air at a high temperature and thus promote or cause the complete consumption of such gases, and by chemically uniting additional oxygen at this point to change the CO to CO thus chemically increasing the efliciency of the fuel. It will be observed that the air currents or oxygen are caused by means of this construction of parts to intercept the passage of the flame upon lines of about 67.; degrees such being due to the angle at which the walls of the tubes 5 provided with the apertures 8, stand to the direction of such flame-passage; and that the natural expansion of the flame as it passes the narrowest part of the passage between the diamond shaped tubes and passes out through and leaves the forwardly flaring portion of said passage is at about as degrees to the direction or course of travel of the flame from the combustionchamber to the smoke exit caus ing a very rapid action of the combustion products at that point and whereby both the mechanical mixture and the chemical union of the oxygen with the gases and carbon of the flame is more completethan would otherwise be the case. It will also be observed that this violent action of air expansion within the air-supplying members and the lateral expansion of the gases causes a forced draft at the bridge wall, thus drawing additional air through the gate bars and promoting draft.

It will be observed that the air supplying members, if made of fire bricks must have proportionally thicker walls but if made of cast iron they are preferably about three inches broad and very nearly fill upthe entire space between the bridge-wall and the bottom of the boiler leaving about an inch for expansion of the iron when it becomes heated. The open space between the airsupplying members is 10% more than the entire area of the boiler flues. all of the holes of said air-supplying members is more than the area of said mem bers at their bottom where they receive their supply of air or oxygen. The reason for the 10% more open space than the area of the boiler flues is to avoid offering any obstruction to the draft whatever, allowing the 10% for friction in the passage of the fire between the air tubes. The purpose of the combined area of the holes being more than the area of the air pipe is that the air comes into the latter cold, and as the air tubes are heated by the fire the air therein expands in volume about three times more than it had at its initial temperature as The area of.

when entering the air supplying tubes. No partof the combustion products, however fractional may escape to the smoke stack without being thoroughly and effectively (the hotter the fire the more air is sucked into the air passage or pipe) mixed with all of the additional oxygen which it requires to make a perfect chemical union because of the particular arrangement of the holes of the air supplying members as above indicated.

I claim:

1. A device of the character described, including a header and an air-supplier communicating with said header and consisting of spaced-apart tubes united at their upper and lower ends to form a single casting, with the separating space forming a flame-passa 'e, partly flared rearwardly and partly flared forwardly, being narrowest at the center, said tubes having air apertures in their rearwardly converging portions.

2. A device of the character described including a header and an air-supplier communicating with said header and consisting of spaced apart diamondshaped tubes united at their upper and lower ends to form a single casting, with the separating space forming a flamepassage, partly flared rearwardly and partly flared forwardly, being narrowest in the center, said tubes having air-apertures in their portions.

3. A device of the character described, including a header and an air-supplier having a stem comi'nunicating with said header, said air-supplier consisting of spaced-apart diamond shaped tubes united at their upper and lower ends to form a single casting, with the separating space forming a flamepassage, partly flared rearwardly and partly flared forwardly, being narrowest at the center, said tubes having airapertures in their rearwardly converging portions.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES F. DILLER.

rearwardly converging Witnesses MARY C. STONER, CHAS. F. STAUFFER.

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