US92345A

US92345A - Improved mode of hardening- and working

Info

Publication number: US92345A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1869-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 1886-07-06

Description

UNITED ScrA'rEs PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD NoRRIs, Je., or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

Specijicatz'ou formingipa-rt of Letters Patent No. 92,345, dated July 6, 1869.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known. that I, RICHARD NoRRis, Jr.,

I of Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore and' State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful improvements in the manner of hardening and washing what is commonly known as the Ransoine Concrete Stone, and I do hereby declare the following to be a iull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a perspective view of an apparatus which has been'successiully used in applying these forced hardening and washing processes to the artilicial stone. Fig. 2 represents a vertical cross-section through the same. Figs. 3 and 4 represent perforated diaphragms, which, in connection with rubber cloth or other equivalent packing material, and with the stone or stones to be hardened and washed, or either, separate the two chainbers within the outer shell or jacket, so that the liquid used for hardening or washing must, perforce, pass through the stone or stones in passing from one chamber to the other under pressure.

SimilarI letters of reference, where they occur in the separate figures, denote like parts of the apparatus or appliances in all of the figures.

My invention consists in inclosing artificial stones, or the incipient stones, in a close chamber, which, by suitable packing and diaphragms, may be separated into two chambers in its interior, and so that the stone or stones to be treated, when placed on said diaphragm and packing, shall be the only avenue or communication through which the chloride of calcium for hardening, or Water for washing out the chloride of sodium formed therein, can pass under pressure from one chamber to the other.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

lmay be introduced. Within this close cylin der or chamber, and upon a ledge, a, secured thereto, is placed a track, b, or a perforated diaphragm, c, as the case may be, and as will be hereinafter explained.

U is a tank or reservoir for containing the chloride of calcium used in the process, this tank, for convenience, being sunk in the ground, so that the cylinder may be emptied into it, through a connecting or draining pipe, the cylinder and the tank, with their appliances for controlling them, constituting themain elements of the apparatus.

When the exhausting process is used in this apparatus, I proceed to iill the chamber with the molded sand and silicate composition, and y for convenience do so by running a small car loaded with the blocks or pieces to beso treated into the cylinder upon the track b. The door B is then closed and sealed, luted or packed. Then, by an air-pump connected with the pipe D, the air is exhausted from the cylinder and from the composition, and the pipeclosed by the cock e. The cock d in the pipe E is then opened, and the chloride rushes up into the cylinder, where it surrounds the incipient stone or stones, and thoroughly penetrating the composition and converting the silicate into an insoluble silicate of lime, and thus hardening the material. When the process has been completed, then the cock e in the pipe D is opened, and the chloride of calcium runs back into the reservoir. Water for washing out the chloride of sodium formed in the stone may be introduced substantially in the same way.

In the pressure processes a different dispositionof the material to be treated is made in the cylinder, and better shown in Fig. 2. The track b is withdrawn, and a perforated diaphragm, e, is laid upon the ledge et, this diaphragm having a rubber packing, f, undern neath and around its edges, and over it is placed a perforated rubber diaphragm, g, the holes of which match the holes in the metal diaphragm e. Upon the rubber g is laid the material to be treated, and so that it shall cover some of the holes through the diaphragms, and the remaining holes, if any, not covered by the material to be treated are plugged with rubber plugs h. The door is then closed and made tight,as bef'ore explained. The chloride of calcium or the water, whichever may be used at the time being, is introduced into the upper part of the cylinder through the pipe F, until the stone G is sur-` rounded by it. The cock in the pipe F is closed, and by means ot'a 11 ydranlic press, H, operated in any of the usual well-known Ways. The Vcalcium or water above and around the stone is forced or pressed through the stone, permeating every minute space in it,and thus ei'ectually accomplishing the hardening or washing process, Whichever it may be. It' the former, when the chloride of calcium is driven through and int-o the lower or under chamber, it may be drawn oil' through the pipe E into the reservoir again; and if it be the washing` process, then the water driven through the stone into the lower chamber is drawn off n. Nomos, JR.`

Witnesses:

W. H. CARPENTER, W. G. HALYBURTON.