US915154A

US915154A - Telautograph.

Info

Publication number: US915154A
Application number: US41128408A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edouard Belin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1908-01-17
Filing date: 1908-01-17
Publication date: 1909-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 1926-03-16

Description

E. BELIN.

TBLAUTOGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17, 1908.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

forms and dimensions.

EDOUARD BELIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

TELAUTOGRAPH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 16, 1909.

Application flied January 17, 1908. Serial No. 411,281.

T 0 all whom it my concern:

Be it known that I, EDOUARD BELIN, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, engineer, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telautographs, for which application has been made in France, January 24, 1907, and August 1-, 1907; in Austria, December 14, 1907, in Switzerland, December 24, 1907; in Luxembourg, 7197, Decemher 30, 1907; in Denmark, January 3, 1908; in Hungary, January 3, 1908; and in Sweden, December 31, 1907 The apparatus, to be distinguished by the name-of "telestereograph,has for its object to reproduce at a distance an original hotograp by another photogra h whic is a copy of'the first. It allows o-f this'reproduction being made of'.the same size, or enlarged or reduced, as a positive or negative, or stronger or weaker, at will.

The telestereogra h also allows of any drawin writing or lilie tracing being reproduced y photo-chemical means, provided that such originals have at the start some relief however low.

The name of telestereograph has been given to this a paratus because it reproduces pictures the tints of which are shown at the start by proportionate reliefs. a

The telestereograph, does not comprise like other apparatus previously suggested, any chemical agent possessing variable properties, such as. selenium. It Workslikea telegraph aparatus bymechanical movements:

Like al transmitting apparatus of this kind, the telestereograph .necessitates two stations, the one, a transmitter, at the sending-place, the other, a receiver, at the place of arrival. These two stations possess parts which must be animated with strictly synchronous movements and this result is obtained b those emp oyed in ,teegraphy, correction being able to be made, for instance at each turn.

The accompanying grammatically the capable of numerous variations as regards A is the transmitt ng st-ation and B the ing a resis an arran ement analogous tov drawing shows dia-. If a convergent fixed telestereograph appa- 'ratus, the practical construction-of which'is "projected on It is well known that colloidal bichromate preparations (gelatin mates) are sensitive to light and that the layer formed is the less soluble the more intense the light has been; by development in hot water a relief is obtained, the heights of which are strictly proportionate 'to the luminous intensities. It is this well known pro erty which forms the basis of photoglyp y and the Woodbury typie process. A-ssumin -then that a suitable p process b gelatin, and that, after the proof 1 in relief thereby obtained has been placed on a roller 2 at .the transmitting station A having a retary movement around a fixed pin 3 so as to im art to it a translation movement, it is trace by means of a stylus 4 fixed on a lever which is only movable in its plane around an .axis 6, it is evident "that the part of the lever 5 opposite the stylus 4 will beangularly displaced and its extremity will displaced along a fixed resistance 8 or a row of contacts insulated one from another, and

respectively connected with bobbins formtance box. Under .these conditions it is quite evident that if the resistance or resistances 8 and the slider 7 in series I complete an electric line circuit of constant voltage, and constant external resistance, the absolute intensity indicated by any, suitable alvanometer introduced in this circuit wil vary according to the position of the slider 7 and consequently according to the relief of the proof 1 moving under the stylus 4 at the transmitting station A. Under these conditions'a very sensitive mirror galvanometer such bifilar one, or an bscillog'ra h, is arranged at the receiver station '13. nder the action of the variable line'current the said mirror will thus turn about its int of suspension.

rays emanating from a suitable source 11 he the mirror 10, passing through a lens 12 arranged in such a Way that the rays emanating from the source 1 1 are brought .to a focus on the said mirror,

and alkaline bichro- 65 otographic I ock be reproduced on bichromated 65 describe arcs '75 I of a circle the length of which will'be profor instance as a ominous bundle of this latter considered in its turn as a luminous source gives rise to a reflected pencil which is dis laced simultaneously with the mirror an in a plane at right angles thereto, these displaceever may ments always corresponding to the variations of the line current and consequently to the deflections of the galvanometer 9.

In the path of the reflected luminous penoil a converging lens 12 is mounted in such a way that the point of reflection of the mirror 10 always falls on its rinci al axis. If these conditions are exact y ful ed, an image of the point x will be obtained at X, always at the same oint of the principalaxis what- Ee the angle of reflection. At this point or conjugate focus of the luminous pencil traversing the lens 12 the receiving sensitive surface 13 is placed (a photographic film for instance) wound on a cylinder 14 having a rotary motion and an identical translation movement, superior or inferior to, but always synchronous with, that conmunicated to the cylinder 2 carrying the proof 1 at the transmitting station A.

A scale 15 of colors strictly graded extending from black to white is arranged on the path of the luminous pencil reflected by the mirror 10, before" or behind the lens 12 or even on this latter. By this arrangement the intensity of the luminous pencil emitted by the mirror 10 will vary like the diflerent points of this scale according to the position which the line current traversing the galvanometer 9 will cause it to assume and consequently according to thevariations of the relief which pass. under the stylus 4 at the transmitting station A. Under these conditions it is evident that the luminous pencil reflected by the mirror 10 will make a more or less energetic impression on the sensitive surface 13, always proportionate to the reliefszof the original image 1.

By reversing the scale 15 of colors, that is to say, by causing it to turn through 180, the image recorded will be changed; it will then be positive ifthe proof 1 at the transmi'tting station is negative and vice-versa, further by substituting for a normal scale of colors, scales of exaggerated or insufiicient gradation, thefprints recorded will be then strengthened or weakened.

The foregoing specification shows clearly how the various parts of the telestereogra h are arranged and operate, and it is evi ent that the form and dimensions of the apparatus in practice may give rise to numerous modifications. This practical apparatus may also-comprise parts for supporting the essential devices, which parts have nothing to do with the working of the apparatus. The receiving station is a so com leted by a dark room 16 inclosing the cylinder 14, this chamber having a sing e opening closed by 9. dia hragm 17.

t is hereinbefore stated that the cylinder tary movement so as to avoid any deformation of the icture and similarly the opening of the diap ragm 17 will be modified in a suitable manner in each case.

The original print 1 has hereinbefore been considered as a photograph taken on bichromated gelatin treated in a suitable manner,

but it must be evident that this original print may consist of an drawing, writing or the like obtained in re ief or in intaglio on an kind of foundation.

11 order to obtain a scale 15 of normal tints I operate as follows :A circular screen perforated with an aperture arranged on a radius and such that the different points of the plate receive quantities of light arranged according to the geometrical progression of ratio 2,-2, 4, 8, and the like is displaced in front of a bromid of silver photographic plate. Under these conditions the capacity of the photogra hic layer developed is proportionate to t e logarithms of the quantities of light.

The strengthening and weakening scales are made in the same way but according to other ratios and they may thus be varied in definitely. A series of these scales may be laced on the same disk so as to change them by a simple rotation of the latter. It will suflice in this case thatthe central region of the various scales has the same value.

I declare that what I claim is 1. Apparatus for transmitting to a distance by telegraphic or telephonic methods any graphic representation having a surface in relief to a slight extent, comprising means for translating the variations in the relief into-variations in electric intensity, means for. transmitting said electrical variations to a distance, means for translating said electrical variations into variations of light intensity, and means for recording the last mentioned variations.

2. Apparatus of the kind set forth comprising a stylus, means for bringing said styus successively into contact with different parts of the representation to be transmitted, means for translating the movement of the stylus due to variations in the relief of the representationinto variations of electrical intenslty, means for transmitting said electrical variations, means for translating said 7 electrical variations into variations of light intensity and means for recording the last mentioned variations.

Apparatus-of the kind set forth comrising a stylus, means for bringing said styus successively into contact with different parts of the representation to be transmitted, an electric transmission circuit, means, controlled by the movement of the stylus due to variations in the relief of the representation, for varying the current intensity in said circuit, means for translatin said current variations into variations of %ight intensity and means for recording the last mentioned variations. 4. Apparatus of the kind set forth, comprising a stylus, a cylindrical sup ort for the representation to be transmitte means for producing relative movement between said stylus and the said support so that the line of contact passes in a helical course along the cylinder, an electric transmission circuit, means, controlled by the movement of the stylus due to variations in the relief of the representation, for varying the current intenslty in said circuit, means for translatingsaid current variations into variations of t intensity, and means for recording the last mentioned variations.

5. Apparatus of the kind set forth, comprising a stylus, means for bringing said styus successively into contact with different parts of the representation to be transmitted, an electric transmission circuit, means, controlled by the movement of thestylus due to variations in the relief of the representation, for varying the resistance of said circuit, means for translating the current variations thereby produced into variations of light intensity, and means for recording the last :mentioned variations.

6. Apparatus of the kind set forth, comprising means for translating the variations in the relief of the representation to be transmitted into variations in electric intensity, means for transmittin said electrical variations tb a distance, an means for translating said electrical variations into variations of light intensity, said last mentioned means com rising a mirror adapted to be angularly disp aced by the said electrical variations,

' means for projecting a pencil of light on to said mirror, means for directing to a fixed point the pencil of light reflected from said mirror means for varyin the intensity of said reflected light according to the angular osition of the mirror, and means for recordthe last mentioned variations. 7 Apparatus of the kind set forth, comrising means fortranslating the variations in the relief of the representation to be transmitted into variations in electric intensity, means for transmitting said electrical variations to a distance, and means for translat ing said electrical variations into variations of light intensity, said last mentioned means comprising a mirror ada ted to be angularly displaced by the said electrical variations, means for projecting a pencil of light on to said mirror, means for directing to a fixed point the pencil of light reflected from said mirror, a screen of graduated transparency inserted in the path of the reflected pencil and producing variations in the intensity of said pencil according to the angular position of the mirror, and means for recording the last-mentioned variations.

8. Apparatus of the kind set forth, comrising means for translating the variations in the relief of the representation to be transmitted into variations in electric intensity, means for transmitting said electrical variations, means for translating said electrical variations into variations of light intensity and means for recording the last mentioned variations, said last-mentioned means comprising a chamber, a support for a sensitive surface located in said chamber, and means for moving said support relative to an aperture in the wall of said chamber.

9. In apparatus of the kind set forth, the combination with a transmitting apparatus comprising a stylus, means for bringin said stylus successively into contact wlth different parts of the representation to be transmitted, and means controlled-by the movement of the stylus due to variations in the relief of the representation, for varying the intensity of the electric transmissioncurrent; of a receiving apparatus comprising means for translating the variations in the transmission current into variations in the intensity of a pencil of light directed u on a fixed point, a support a apted to hol part of a sensitive surface at said point, and means for movin said support to bring different parts of t e sensitive surface to the said point.

10. In apparatus of the kind set forth, a receiving apparatus comprising a mirror galvanometer connected with a transmission line, an optical system upon which the pencil of light reflected b the mirror is recelved and by which it is 're ected to a'fixedpoint, a screen interposed in the ath of the pencil of light, said screen being 0 graduated transparenc and serving to vary the intensity of the re ected pencil, a dark chamber in the wall of which there is an aperture located at the point to which the reflected pencil is directed, a support for a sensitive surface located behind said aperture, and means for moving said support so as to bring different parts of the sensitive surface 1n succession under the influence of the light passing through the aperture.

11. In apparatus of the kind set forth for use in transmitting representations devoid of half tones, means for translating the variations-in the relief of the representation into variations in the transmission current, said In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed variations being reduced by the opening my name'this 6th day of January 1908, in andclosing of an e ectrical circuit, means for the presence of two subscribin witnesses. transmitting said variations, means for EDOUAR BELIN.

5 translating said electrical variations into I Witnesses:

variations of light intensity, and means for ANTONIN MONTEILBET, recording the last-mentioned variations. H. O. OOXE.