US904462A - Intermittently-driven mechanism adapted for constant driving. - Google Patents

Description

H. H. TAYLOR. INTERMITTENTLY DRIVEN MEGHANISM ADAPTBD FOR GONSTANT DRIVING.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13,1907.

904,462. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

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Patented Nov. 17, 1908. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. H. TAYLOR. INTERMITTENTLY DRIVEN MECHANISM ADAPTED FOR GONSTANT DRIVING.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13,1907. Patented NOV. 17

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H. H. TAYLOR INTERMITTENTLY DRIVEN MECHANISM ADAPTBD FDR CONSTANT DRIVING. APPLICATION nun JULY 13,1907.

904,462. Patented Nov. 17, 1908. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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904,462. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

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z w g, Jnl z UNITED STATES PAT err r HORACE H. TAYLOR, OF SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HIMSELF AND ONE-HALF TO FRANK J. MAYHEW, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

INTERMITTENTLY-DRIVEN MECHANISM. ADAPTED FOR CONSTANT DRIVING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

Application filed July 13, 1907. Serial No. 383,628.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, HORACE H. TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Jose, county of Santa Clara, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Intermittently-Driven Mechanism Adapted for Constant Driving, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in intermittentlydriven mechanism adapted for constant driving, and it is especially designed for use in connection with an ammonia cooling system for cars, and I have, therefore, shown it conventionally in connection with such a system.

The object of the invention is to provide constant driving from a varying or intermittent source of power, and to provide new and improved means by which this may be accomplished.

Generally speaking, my invention consists of an intermittently-driven shaft, a dynamo driven thereby, a storage battery adapted to be charged by said dynamo, amotor adapted to be operated by a current from said battery, a second shaft adapted to be driven either from said first-mentioned shaft or by said motor, and automatic controlling means whereby connections are regulated so that said second-named shaft shall be constantly driven.

I accomplish these objects by the means shown in the drawings and hereinafter described.

That which I believe to be new will be pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure 1 is a top or plan view, partly in section, of my mechanism in connection with an ordinary ammonia cooling system, the connec tions between the difierent parts of the cooling system being omitted since they form no part of my invention, and the details of my automatic controlling mechanism being omitted, the same being illustrated in the other figures. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, f the parts shown in Fig. 1 with the dynamotor and the parts in connection with the short shaft of that figure omitted. Fig. 3 is a detail, showing theconnecting means between the brine pumps and the shaft shown in Fig. 2. Fig. i is an end View of my automatic controlling mechanism, part of the mechanism being shifted to one side, as indicated, for convenience of illustration, and the supporting means for the different parts being omitted. Fig. 5 is a side view, partly in section, of a portion of the parts shown in Fig. a, the supporting means being shown. Fig. 6 is a top or plan view, partly in section, of the parts shown in Fig. l. Fig. 7 is an diagrammatic view showing the electrical connections between the parts shown in the other figures and certain additional parts conventionally illustrated.

Referring to the several figures of the drawings, in which corresponding parts are indicated by like reference characters, 10 indicates a shaft suitably journaled in standards 11.

12 indicates a crank-head keyed on the shaft 10.

13 indicates a lever pivoted on a suitable stud 1 1.

15 indicates an arm extending at right angles from the lever 13, the end of the arm 15 being connected with the crank-head 12 by means of a link 16, so that the lever 13 is adapted to be rocked as the shaft 10 is rotated. Each end of the lever 13 has connected to it the piston of a pump of any ordinary construction, such pumps being in dicated by 17 and 18.

19 indicates a centrifugal pump provided with a gear 20 in alinement with a gear 21. keyed on the shaft 10.

22 indicates a sprocket chain passing around the gears 20 and 21.

24 indicate two cranks inserted in the line of the shaft 10, being connected, respectively, with the pistons of ammonia pumps 25-26.

Inasmuch as the construction and operation of the ammonia cooling system including the ammonia pumps 2526, the cold water circulating pump 19, and the brine circulating pumps 17 and 18, are well understood and form no part of this invention, it is not thought necessary to show the connections and the details of construction or to describe the same in further detail.

Referring to Fig. 1, 27 indicates a dynamotor having separate windings. In the construction shown, the armature shaft of the dynamotor has non-rotatably mounted upon it two pulleys 28 and 29 in alinement with pulleys 30 and 31 respectively loosely mounted on the shaft 10. Around pulleys 28 and 30, and around pulleys 29 and 31, pass belts 32 and 33, respectively.

34 and 35 indicate clutch members feathered upon theshaft 10 and adapted to engage the loose pulleys 30 and 31, respectively, as will be hereinafter explained, so that said pulleys and the shaft 10 may ro tate together.

36 indicates a short shaft journaled in suitable standards 37.

38 indicates a gear keyed upon the shaft 36 and adapted to be driven from any suitable source of power,from a car-axle, for instance, which is intermittently-driven.

39 indicates another gear keyed upon the shaft 36 in mesh with gear 40 loosely mounted on shaft 10.

41 indicates a clutch member feathered upon the shaft 10 and adapted to engage the loose gear 40 whereby the shaft 10 may be rotated as shaft 36 is rotated.

Referring to Fig. 2,42, 43 and 44 indicate three levers, each suitably pivoted at its lower end, the upper ends of the levers terminating in yokes engaging suitable grooves in the hubs of clutch members 34, 35 and 41, respectively, whereby the clutch members may be moved into or out of engagement with the pulleys 30, and 31 and gear 40, respectively, as will be readily understood.

45 indicates a link pivotally connecting the levers 42, 43 and 44 at about their middle points, whereby said levers may be moved in unison.

46 indicates a suitably pivoted bell-crank lever, the vertical arm of which is pivotally connected to the link 45 at 47. The horizontal arm of said bell-crank lever is provided with a suitable armature 48 by which said horizontal arm is adapted to be rocked toward electro- magnets 49 or 50 according as the one or the other is supplied with a suitable current, as hereinafter described.

It will be seen that when the magnet 49 is energized, the clutch member 34 is thrown into engagement with the pulley 30, and the clutch members 35 and 41 are thrown out of engagement with the pulley 31 and gear 40, and it will be understood that when the magnet 50 is energized in lieu of the magnet 49 the clutch member 34 is thrown out of engagement and the clutch members 35 and 41 in engagement.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, 51 is a crankhead keyed upon the end of the shaft 36.

52 indicates the cylinder of a pump, 53 the piston, and 54 the piston rod.

indicates a sleeve secured by a setscrew 56 upon the piston rod 54. Projecting from one side of said sleeve 55 is a stud 57 upon which is pivotally secured the lower end of a link 58, the upper end of which is secured to the crank-head 51 by means of a crank-pin 59, whereby the piston 53 is adapted to be reciprocated as shaft 36 is rotated.

60 indicates an arm projecting from one of the standards 37, the outer end of which is provided with a suitable sleeve which serves as a guide for the piston rod 54.

61 indicates a tank suitably secured to the standard 37 by means of a band 62.

63 indicates a pipe connecting the tank 61 with the pump cylinder 52, and provided with a valve 64 whereby fluid is adapted to pass from the tank into the pump cylinder but is prevented from returning thence to the tank.

65 indicates a cylinder secured in any suitable manner at a point higher than the tank 61, for the purpose hereinafter explained.

66 indicates a pipe connecting the pump cylinder 52 with the cylinder 65, a valve 67 being interposed in the line of the pipe whereby fluid is permitted to pass from the pump cylinder 52 through the pipe 66 but is prevented from returning to said pumpcylinder.

68 indicates a valve adapted to prevent downward flow from the cylinder 65 through the pipe 66. As shown in Fig. 4, fluid forced up through the pipe 66 is free to pass through port 69 into the cylinder 65 or through port 70 and pipe 71 back into the tank 61.

7 2 indicates a piston free to work up and down in the cylinder 65.

73 indicates a piston rod secured to the piston 72, said rod bearing at its upper end a suitable weight 74, the piston rod '1' 3 being broken off and the weight 74 shifted down in Fig. for convenience of illustration, it being understood that the weight 74 in practice is sufliciently above the contact plates hereinafter described as not to come in con tact therewith.

The tank 61 is adapted to contain oil or other fluid, and it will be understood that as the piston 53 is reciprocated up and down in the pump cylinder 52 through the link 58 and crank-head 51, the fluid from the tan 1 61 is forced upward through the pipe 66. The pipe 71 is of comparatively smaller capacity,being provided for the purpose of allowing the cylinder 65 to automatically empty itself,so that the greater portion of the fluid forced through the pipe 66 is forced through the port 69, the result bein of course, that the piston 7 2 is forced up, against the downward pressure of the weight 74, to the position shown in Fig. 4, permitting the fluid to pass out through the pipe 7 5 which acts as a connection between the upper part of the cylinder 65 and the tank 61.

7 6 and 77 indicate two plates, preferably of copper, suitably secured in position insulated from the body of the mechanism. 73 indicates a plate, also preferably of copper,

provided with a suitable opening through which the rod 73 passes, a suitable dielectric sl eve 79 being interposed between the rod 7 3 i and he plate 78. The sleeve 79 is adapted to be secured in place in any suitable manner, and the plate 78 is secured in place on the sleeve 79 by means of a set-screw 80.

1 indicates two contact brushes secured in suitable vertical openings through the plate 78, each brush being adjustable longitudinally of itself and adapted to be held in any adjusted position by means of a thumbscrew 82.

83, 8d and 85 indicate three electrical contact devices of any ordinary form suitably secured to the plates 7 6, 77 and 78, respec tively.

It will be seen that brushes 81 are to be adjusted so as to have a proper bearing on the plate 76 or 77 to form a suitable electric contact between the plate 76 or 77 and the plate 78, and said plate 78 is to be adjusted up or down on the rod 73 so that when the piston 72 is seated on the bottom of the cylinder the brushes 81 will bear on the plate 76. Then when the rod 73 and plate 78 are forced upward by the fluid being forced into the cylinder 65 by the pump 52 through the rotation of the shaft 36, the contact between the brushes 81 and plate 76 is broken, and contact between the brushes and plate 77 established. The piston 72 being in the position shown in Fig. t due to the rotation of the shaft 36, as described, if for any reason the shaft ceased to rotate, the cylinder 65 would immediately begin to be emptied through the medium of the pipe 71, owing to the weight of the oil in the cylinder 65 and to the weight 7st which presses upon the oil through the piston 72. The contact between plates 77 and 78 continues for a limited time, of course, until the cylinder 65 is practically emptied, when such contact is broken and contact between the plates 76 and 78 is established, as will be understood.

Referring now especially to Fig. 7 which shows conventionally portions of the controlling means omitted from the other figures and illustrates diagrammatically the electrical connections, 86 indicates an electro-magnet connected in series with the electro-magnet d9, the circuit through said two magnets and the storage battery 87 being completed, as indicated, by the contact between the plates 76 and 78. 88 indicates another electro-magnet, opposite to magnet 86, and connected in series with the magnet 50, the circuit through said last-named two magnets and the storage battery being adapted to be completed by contact between plates 77 and 78 when the shaft 36 is rotating, as before explained. Thus, it will be understood that so long as shaft 36 is rotated, and the pump is maintaining the plate 78 in its raised position, the magnet 50 is holding the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever 46 in its lowermost position, holding the clutch member -2l-l in engagement with the gear 40, thus driving the shaft 10 from the shaft 36. The lever d6 in this position also holds the clutch member 35 in engagement with the pulley 31, thus causing the shaft 10 to drive the dynamotor 27 through the medium of the smaller of tire two pulleys 303l, as is desired. However, so soon as the shaft 36 ceases to rotate and the cylinder 65 has become emptied, the plate 78 falls to the position shown in Fig. 7 causing the magnet 49 to draw the horizontal arm of the bellcrank lever 46 to its raised position, throwing the clutch members all and out of engagement and the clutch member 34 into en gagement with the pulley 30, so that the armature shaft of the dynamotor and the shaft 10 are connected through the medium of the larger of the two pulleys 30 31. It will be understood that whenever the shaft 36 again begins to rotate, the pump 52 will again begin to fill the cyhnder 65, whereupon the circuits will be again changed and the clutches thrown and the shaft 10 driven from the shaft 36, until again the shaft 36 ceases to be driven when the cylinder 65 will again empty itself and the circuits and clutches be changed as explained.

In the above explanation, I have disregarded the action of the magnets 86 and 88.

89 indicates an armature interposed between the poles of the magnets 86 and 88, and 90 indicates a link connected at one end with said armature and at the other end pivotally connected with the conductor members 91-92 of a double pole switch. 93 indicates the contacts of said switch connected with the dynamo wiring of the dynamotor 37, and 94 indicates the contacts of said switch connected with the motor wiring of said dynamotor.

It will be seen, then, that when the shaft 36 is rotating and the plates 78 and 77 are in contact so that the magnet 50 is holding the clutch members 4-1 and 35 in engagement whereby the shaft 10 and the armature shaft of the dynamotor are being rotated from the shaft 36, the magnet 88 is also being energized with the result that the armature 89 is being held in contact with the poles of said magnet 88 whereby the switch conductor members 9l-92 are held in engagement with the contacts 93 instead of the contacts 94 as illustrated, thus causing the storage battery to be connected up with the dynamo wiring of the dynamotor and permitting such dynamotor to charge the storage battery, as will be readily understood. So soon. however, as the shaft 36 ceases to rotate, and the plates 78 and 76 are brought into contact so that the magnet 49 draws the clutch members 41 and 35 out of engagement and clutch member 34 into engagement, whereby rotating aXle of the car.

the connection between shafts 36 and shaft 10 is broken, and the connection between the armature shaft of the dynamotor and shaft 10 is established through the medium of the larger pulley 30, the magnet 86 also draws the armature 89 into contact with its poles whereby the switch conductor members 9192 are brought into engagement with the contacts 94, as illustrated, thus causing the storage battery to be connected up with the motor wiring of the dynamotor and permitting the dynamotor to run the shaft 10. It is evident, of course, that with the motor thus running the shaft 10 and with shaft 36 idle, when power is again applied to the shaft 36 and the clutches are thrown as already explained, the magnet 88 is again energized and the dynamo wiring again con nected up with the storage battery and the charging of the battery is resumed. It is evident that in whatever phase the parts may be, and regardless of the number of changes in any given time, whenever the shaft 36 ceases to rotate, the storage attery immediately begins to act upon the motor which in turn drives the shaft 10, and whenever the shaft 36 begins to rotate, the shaft 10 is again driven from the shaft 36 and the dynamo wiring again begins to charge the storage battery.

By my invention I have provided means whereby constant driving may be had from an intermittently driven shaft without any attention from the one having it in charge other than seeing to it that the aggregate of power secured is suflicient for the purpose. As I have explained, this mechanism is es pecially adapted for use in connection with railway cars, the power being taken from the I no not, however, wish to restrict myself to such use, nor do I wish to restrict myself to the use of my invention in connection with ammonia cooling systems, although it lends itself peculiarly to such use.

By the use of my invention in connection with a car cooling apparatus, I am enabled to cool a car much more cheaply than here tofore. No more power is being consumed at any time than is necessary for the proper cooling of the car, thus avoiding the loss due to carrying a great load of ice, as has been necessary, and materially increasing the capacity of the car, both as to space available and as to the additional weight capable of being safely carried.

The clutch members 34, and 41 are adapted to operatively engage the pulleys 30 and 31 and gear 40 in whichever direction the rotation is, so that it makes no difference in which direction the gear 38 is driven. It is a fact, also, that the whole system as illustrated is adapted towork properly in whichever direction the shaft 36 is driven. In this particular, then, my mechanism is peculiarly adapted to being used in connection with a car cooling apparatus.

IVhile I have described the dynamotor as having separate windings, and have shown means for automatically working switching devices for changing from the motor to the dynamo windings, I do not wish to be restricted to the use of such a double wound machine, nor to the use of the means shown for changing from the motor to the dynamo.

lVhen my invention is used in connection with a cooling system, I prefer to use oil as a fluid for operating the piston 72, or some other fluid whose freezing point is quite low, but I do not wish to restrict myself to the use of any particular fluid.

\Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an electric circuit controlling mechanism, the combination with a chamber, a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, a constantly-open outlet from said chamber, and a pump adapted to force fluid into said chamber below said piston whereby the piston may be elevated, of a plurality of contacts, electrical circuits connecting said con tacts, and means actuated by the operation of said piston for causing engagement between said contacts.

2. In an electric circuit controlling mechanism, the combination with a chamber, a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, and a pump adapted by continued operation to maintain a quantity of fluid in said chamber below said piston, of a plurality of contacts, circuits connecting one of said contacts with the other contacts, and means whereby one or another of said circuits is completed according to the position of said piston in said chamber.

3. In an electric circuit controlling meclr anism, the combination with a chamber, a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, a tank, a pump constantly communicating with said chamber and adapted to force fluid from said tank into said chamber below said piston whereby the piston is elevated, and a pipe connecting said chamber and said tank, of a contact supported from said piston, a second contact adapted to be engaged by said first contact, and an electric circuit connecting said contacts.

4. In an electric circuit controlling mechanism, the combination with a chamber, a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, a tank, a pump adapted to force fluid from said tank into said chamber below said piston whereby the piston is elevated, and a constantly-open pipe connecting said chamber and said tank whereby the fluid forced into said chamber is adapted to return to said tank, of a contact supported from said piston, a second contact adapted to be engaged by said first contact, and an electric circuit connecting said contacts.

5. in an electric circuit controlling mechanism, the'combination with a chamber, a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, a tank, a pump adapted to force fluid from said tank into said chamber below said piston whereby the piston is elevated, a relatively small constantly-open pipe connecting the lower portion of said chamber with said tank, and a relatively larger constantly-open pipe connecting the upper portion of said chamber with said tank, whereby the fluid forced into said chamber is free to return to said tank, of a contact supported from said piston, a second contact adapted to be engaged by said first contact, and an electric circuit connecting said contacts.

In an electric circuit controlling mechanism, the combination with a chamber having outlets at its upper and lower ends re spectively, a piston adapted to be reciprocated in said chamber, and means adapted to force fluid into said chamber below said piston whereby said piston is maintained in an elevated position in said chamber while fluid is being forced into said chamber more rapidly than it is being emptied through its lower outlet, of a plurality of contacts, electrical circuits connecting said contacts, and means actuated by the operation of said piston for causing engagement between said contacts whereby one or more of said circuits may be completed.

7. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a dynamo driven thereby, a storage battery adapted to be charged by said dynamo, a motor adapted to be operated by a current from said battery, a second shaft adapted to be driven either by said first shaft or by said motor, and automatic magnetcontrolled mechanism whereby the dynamo and said second shaft may be driven by said first shaft while said firs shaft is rotating and whereby the motor may be automatically connected with said storage battery so as to rotate said second shaft while said first shaft is idle.

S. In a mechanism of the class described, the con'ibination with a shaft, a second shaft, two clutch members adapted to connect said shafts so that they will rotate together, two elect ic contacts, an electric circuit connect iug said contacts, an electro-magnet in said circuit, an armature adapted to be operated by said magnet to cause operative engagement between said two clutch members, and mechanism actuated by said first-named shaft and adapted to cause engagement between said two contacts.

9. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a second shaft, two clutch members adapted to connect said shaf so that they shall rotate together, two electric contacts, two electric circuits connecting said two contacts with a third contact, an electro-magnet in each of said circuits, an armature adapted to be operated by said magnets to throw said clutch members into and out of operative engagement, and controlling mechanism actuated by said first-named shaft and adapted to maintain such engagement between the contacts that the clutch members shall operatively engage.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a second shaft, two clutch members adapted to connect said shafts so that they shall rotate together, two electric contacts, two electric circuits connecting said two contacts with a third contact, an electro-magnet in each of said circuits, an armature adapted to be operated by said magnets to throw said clutch members into and out of operative engagement, and controlling mechanism actuated by said first-named shaft and adapted by its operation to maintain such engagement between the contacts that the clutch members shall operatively engage, the engagement between the contacts being adapted to be automatically changed on the cessation of the operation of the controlling mechanism so that the clutch members shall be moved out of operative engagement.

11. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a second shaft,

two clutch members adapted to connect said shafts so that they shall rotate together, two electric contacts, two electric circuits connecting said two contacts with a third contact, an electro-magnet in each of said circuits, an armature adapted to be operated by said magnets to throw said clutch members into and out of operative engagement, controlling mechanism actuated by said firstnamed shaft and adapted by its operation to maintain such engagement between the contacts that the clutch members shall operatively engage, and means adapted automatically when the controlling mechanism ceases to operate to move said third contact from one to the other of said two contacts, whereby the armature moves the clutch members out of ope ative engagement.

12. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a second shaft, two clutch members adapted to connect said shafts so that they shall rotate together, a dynamotor whose armature is adapted to rotate with said second shaft, a storage battery, a circuit connecting said storage battery and said dynamotor, two electric contacts, two electric circuits connecting said two contacts with a third contact, an electroanagnet i each of said circuits, an armature adapted to be operated by said magnets to throw said clutch members into and out of operative engagement, and controlling mechanism actuated by said first-named shaft and adapted by its operation to maintain such engagement between the contacts that the clutch members shall operatively engage, the engagement between the contacts being adapted to be automatically changed on the cessation of the operation of the controlling mechanism so that the clutch members shall be moved out of operative engagement.

13. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft, a second shaft, two electric contacts, two electric circuits connecting said two contacts with a third contact, two electro-magnets in each of said circuits, said magnets being arranged in two pairs with one magnet of each pair in each.

circuit, two armatures each adapted to be operated by one of said pairs of magnets, two clutch members adapted to be moved into or out of operative en agement by one of said armatures whereby the said two shafts shall or shall not rotate together, a double-wired dynamotor whose armature is adapted to rotate with said second shaft, a storage battery, a circuit connecting the dynamo wiring of said dynamotor with said storage battery, a second circuit connecting the motor wiring of said dynamotor with said storage battery, a double pole switch inserted in said lastnamed two circuits, and'means connecting said switch with the other of said two magnet armatures whereby the switch conductor members may be held in the dynamo or the motor circuit according as the other magnet is holding the clutch in 01' out of operative engagement, of controlling mechanism actuated by said first-named shaft and adapted by its operation to maintain such engagement between the contacts that the clutch members shall operatively engage and the dynamotor shall be charging the storage battery, and means adapted automatically when the controlling mechanism ceases to operate to move said third contact from one to the other of said two contacts whereby the one magnet armature moves the clutch members out of operative engagement and the other magnet armature moves the switch so that the storage battery shall run the dynamotor as a motor which in turn shall rotate said second shaft.

HORACE H. TAYLOR.

Vitnesses WILLIAM H. DE BUSK, MINNIE A. HUNTER.

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