US903697A - Filter. - Google Patents

Description

H. A. FRASCH.

FILTER. APPLICATION FILED MAR.18, 1908.

Patented N0v.10, 1908.

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' FILTER.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 1a, 1908.

903,697. Patented Nov. 1o, 1908.

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. A. PRASGH.

FILTER. APPLICATION FILED MAB. 1s, 190e.

903,697. Patentedwov. 1o, 190s.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

55 u I attenua? wwf FANS A. FRASCE, OF NEW Yltli, N. Y.

FILTER.

i Application filed March 18, 1965. Serial le.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knovvn that l, HANS A. Frisson, a

citizen of the United States, residing at' Newv York, in the county of New York and State Lof New York, haveinventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Filters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a filtering apparatus for use in manufacturing chemicals and other substances with' means whereby the filtered substances may be re-k moved quickly andv economically. y

The invention has reference particularly to the recovery of solid substances from "fluids, and more especially to the economical handling of nickel ammonium chlorid separated from caustic liquor..

In the manufactureof. nickelsalts by the reaction of nickel hydrate upon animoniated salt brine, and the subsequent mixing oit 'the nickel salt with ammonium chlorid and cal.- cium chlorid solution prior to subjecting it to distillation for the recovery of the ammonia and nickel hydrate, and the separation and removal of the nickel hydrate from the still liquor in which it is suspended, and the subsequent mixing of `the nickel hydrate with fresh annnoniated salt brine, `the presence of ammonia renders the handling and mixing of the nickel salt and nickel hydrate noxious and involvesl a possibility or' loss of ammonia.

The present invention is designed to render this process innox'ious and reef'rom loss of ammonia.

The application of the inventionv to lilter ing apparatus generally, besides for the spo cilic purpose-stated, Oilers the advantage of employing ilters ofmuch larger size than otherwise would be practicable, and in addition it admits of the quick emptying' ci the filter in much less time, and, hence, renders thefilter more quickly available for service again than heretofore.

In the accompanying d1 "'avvings,r illustrati-- ing the invention,'inlthe several figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a vertical section, illustratinu` one form of the invention. Fig-.2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a vertical section and pan tial elevation of a modiiication. Fig. e Ais a. vertical section-cfa portion of anothermodification.

The filter body is composed of a cylinder Specification ofetters Patent.

1, made up of one or inercrin Patented Nov. i fs. 1 Qr.

,ser

s, having L k1 ledge flanges to Winch are respectively secured the concave bot-toni. 2- and the comple-r mental top 3. in 'this concave bottoni is mounted a disch pipe preferably ceutrally thereof, and this pipe may be ci' any desired cross-sectional shape, and because oll its purpose and function it herein referred to as a conduit or discharge conduit This cou-fluit projects outside oit the bottoni and extends up into the cylindrical portion of the iilter and is provided with a valve seat 5 at its top.

6 is e screen of any suite-.ble sort, suitably supported Within the cylindrical portion of the filter and surrounding the discharge couduit Li, and below 'this screen und in the con' cave bottoni is another screen Y also suitably sin; ported and surrounding the conduit Ll, and between these tivo screens is arranged any suitable iltering medium. such sand or gravel, 'or a mixture-or' these, or any other iltering materials suitable for the purpose in hand, the whole constituting a uiten-bed. Thus, the conduit l extends through the iilter-bed and is'snrrounded by it.

S is a suction pipe secured in the bottoni and connected to a. receiver and vacuum pump or other suitable apparatus. Suitable Work openings 9 are provided for access to the interior.

l0 is a ventilator connected with an es haust ran or other apparatus by 'which the noxious fumes removed and the ammonia escapinfr from the liitering substance is collected and conveyed to a'scruliiber to be a`osorbed in sait brine or water. On the top 3 is a suitable casting ll, provided with a .threadless openingl lil and a yoke l?. having;

a guide il.

Wiveled to stein l5 and hat@ ble or packing to open This stein may.,y be 'svornilgeiised purpose of sepan ting nickel chlorid from caustic soda. liquor, ano

ally mining? the fornaci' with celtcuuu solution the valve l@ is tti-ned dowffi to close the conduit Ll, und then the mixture of caustic soda liquor and nickel salt comingitrom a converter or other source, is delivered -into the body of the filter 1, and the air in the filter bottom is exhausted through pipe 8. When all ofl the caustic soda liquor has been drained from the nickel salt, thevalve is raised so as to open the conduit 4, after which the nickel salt is removed from the body of' the filter by any suitable means, mechanical or manual.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, pipe 8 is omitted, and the conduit 4 is shown with a row of perforations l) at its base within the bottom of the filter, and the valve stem 15 is supplied with a hand wheel 20 for op erating the valve, or said valve may be power operated as in the v'former instance. The conduit 4 opens into a receiving and suction tank 2l which is supplied With a suction pipe 4L2 connected with anysuitable vacuum or other pump, and it is also supplied at its bottom with a liquid or filtrate outlet pipe 23, having an air-inlet 24 for agitating purposes, and a discharge pipe for the. filtered substance after it has been mixed with the liquid vehicle. This suction tank also has at its top a delivery pipe 26. v

for introducing the desired liquid to be mixed with the filtered solid substance. ln using this form of the apparatus, the valve is closed, as before, and the substance to be filtered is introduced and the air is exhausted through pipe 22. The caustic soda liquor passes through the filter-bed and out through the holes 19 in the conduit4 to the tank 2l, the nickel salt collecting in the body of the filter on the upper screenor top oif the filterbed, as before. When all of the caustic soda liquor has been drained from the nickel salt, the filtrate having been previously removed from the receiver 2i through pipe 23, the valve 1G is opened and the nickel salt is then removed from the body of the filter by any suitable means anddischarged through the conduit 4 into the tank 2l, where it is mixed with a suitable vehicle for further treatment. When the material in the tank 2i is properly mixed, it is discharged through pipe 25 to any desired station for any necessary further treatment. The filtered substance may be conveyed away from the filter through the conduit 4 to any suitable vessel, such as a tank, conveyer, furnace, or other receptacle and vthis vessel may be of' a character appropriate to the substance to be treated. For example, if the' filter is employed for sodium bicarbonate, the yfiltered substance may be deliveredthrough the conduit 4 directly to 'a drying or calcining device. In the case of nickel hydrateltcred from still liquor, the hydrate may be delivered directly to a converter to be mixed with ammoniated salt brine, and the filter may be mounted upon the converter by means of the flanges at the outside end oi" the conduit 4.

Referring tothe modification shown .in

Fig. 4, the discharge c ond-uit'jis shown asfixed `to the ta1ik2'1., as v1n the modificatio'n` shown in Fig- 3 but instead of having the openings` at 19 in Fig. 3, this conduit may be made solid asinl the construction shown.

in Fig. 1, and the necessary connection be,-

tween the bottom of the'filter cylinder and' the tank 21 may be effectedl by a pipe 27 having a valve`28 as a .filtrate outlet and also having a lbranch pipe 29 having a valve 30 which may also Abe used as' a filtrate outlet. l f 'l The filter may be emptied of its filtered substance through the discharge conduit by prefer to prov-ide mechanical means for econonncally and vquickly emptying the'iilter. ln'either case',I whether hand tools. bensed- `8l? hand and with 'any usual' handltools operated by way of 'thev work openings Vin they side or topbutfas 'shown' in Figs. 1`and`2, l y

or the mechanical means, the filter may be piickly emptied and, therebyv be returned to service-in a very much-shorter time than by the old methods in which a relatively 'large discharge conduit is not'used. by means of Athe present invention, as ab ready stated, filters of' larger area and con.

`filter, and this frame is adapted to. be ro-` tated upon this track, as by means of a pinion 39 meshing in a toothed rack 40 fixed to the rim. The pinion 39, as shown, mounted upon a vertical .shaft 41 which issuppiied with a pulley 42 connected up to any suitable source` of power. Anysuitable number of scraper blades 43 may be mounted upon v this-frame, and they are preferably mounted obliquely to the frame, or' tangenti-ally to the discharge conduit 4, and they are held and guided in the frame by means of guich.

eefl l'loreovcr, i

ile

rods V44- mounted in suitable guide-sockets 45, and each of these blades has a screw-rod 4G passing 'through a guide-socket 47'on the frame, and each screw-rod has a worm-wheel nut 48 in mesh with a Worm 49 on theshatt 50. The worm-Wheel nut is placed between braces 36, 'and while permitted to rota t does not move lengthwise of the screw-rod',

but does move said screw-rod lengthwise.l

Each shaft- '50 has a clutch member 5i, and in connection with this clutch vmember is a clutch lever 52 accessible through alwork opening 9 in the side of the cylinder. Op-

posite each shaft 50 is one of the wheels 37,

charge conduit extending from the te soiree? and the shaft of this Wheel has the other clutch member 53 to cooperate with the clutch member l, and, consequently', when the clutch members are in engagement the' shaft is turned and the worm-Wheel nut turned and acts upon the screwrod .4l-6 to depress the scraper blade automatically and "proportionately to the displacement of the tank 21 capable of a variety of uses, both on the filtered substance and in connection with theV filtrate. Further, 1t 1s to be noted that the valve stem in Fig. 3 is a rotary stem, its

scre'ivthread engaginga screwthread in the casting ll to effect its longitudinal movement, While in Fig. l the valve stem doesl not rotate, but is held against rotation by some sort of angular engagement with the guide 14, and its longitudinal movement effected by the feed of the nut 1S. These and other modiiications of the main construction, namely, a filter having a bottom outlet for the filtered substance', are Within the spirit and scope of the invention.

That I claim is l. filter, having aV filter bed, and a discharge conduit extending from the top of the filter bed entirely through said filter bed. terminating in a discharge opening at the bottom of the filter4 and forming a direct communication between the top of the filter bed and a suitable receptacle under the filter, through which the filtered substance may be discharged Vin compact forni.

2. A filter, having a lilter bed, and a discharge conduit extending from the top of the filter bed entirely through said filter bed, terminating in a discharge' opening at the bottom of the filter, and forminor a direct communication between the top o? the filter bed and a suitable receptacle under the filter, through which the filtered substance may be discharged in compact form, and means fr discharging the filtered substance from 'the top of the filter bed through said discharge conduit. 4

3. A filter, having a filter-bed, a ldischarge conduit extending from the top of' the filterv bed entirely through it, means'to openy and close said discharge conduit, and a rotary scraper arranged above` the filter-bed and serving todischarge the filtered substance through the discharge conduit.

af. A filter, having a iilter bed,

filter. bed entirely through said fiiter bed, terminating in a discharge loperinog at :the

i5 bottom of the filter, and forming a, direct communication between the top of the filter bed anda. suitable receptacle under the filter, through which the filtered substance may 'be discharged in compact form, and means to dranVY ofi' the liquid from the solid substance and thereby leave the solid substance on the .filter bed to be discharged through said conduit.

A filter, having a filter bed, a screen overlying the said filter bed, a discharge conduit connected with the surface of the screen and extending through the body of the filter bed and terminating in ay discharge opening at the bottom of' the filter. and forming `a direct connuunication between the surface ofthe screen and a suitable receptacle under the filter, and through which the filtered substance may be discharged in compactforni.

(i. filter, having in` its bottom a discharge conduit, a filter-bed surrounding said conduit and through which said conduitprojects, a valve fitted over the conduit to open and close said conduit, means to draw ofi the fluid from the solid and thereby leave the solid on the filter-bed to be removed through the conduit, and means to discharge the filtered substance through the said conduit.

7. A filter, having in its bottoni a discharge conduit, a filter-bed surrounding said conduit andv through which said conduit projects, a valve fitted to open and close said conduit, and means to exhaust the air from belon7 the filter-bed and to remove the fiuid while retaining the solid portion of the substance treated, such solid portion being removable from the filter through the conduitupon the opening of the valve.

8. A filter, having a filter-bed, a receiving vessel upon which it is mounted, means for controlling communication between the filter and the receiving vessel, including a. discharge conduit projecting up through the filter-bed into the filter, and a valve for controlling the opening and closing of said conduit.

9. A filter, having a filter-bed. a discharge conduit extending throughsaid filter-bed, a scraper arranged Withiiigvthe filter and above the lteubed, and means to rotate said scraper over the said bedand thereby detach the filtered substance and convey it to and discharge it through the conduit.

10. A filter,I having a filter-bed, a discharge conduit extending through said bed, and means to dislodge the filtered substance from Y the surface of the filter-bed and convey it to discharge bed, and

means to adjust said blades automatically to regulate the amount of filtered substance to be discharged.

l2. A filter7 having a filter-bed, a discharge `conduit extending through said bed, andi comprising a rotaryl frame andv scraper blades adjustably mounted thereon, said frame having wheels running upon a track and connections between any of said Wheels and the scraper' blades constituting means to automatically adjust said blades.

13. A filter-having a filter-bed, a discharge conduit extending through said bed, and means to dislodge the filtered substance from the surface of the filter-bed and convey it to and discharge it through said conduit, and comprising a rotary frame and scraper blades adjustably mounted thereon, a track to support Athe frame, said frame having wheels mounted upon the track, Worm-gearing applied to the adjusting mechanism of the scraper blades, and a driving connection applied between any of said Wheels and the Worm-gearing.

ln testimony 'whereof I have hereunto set my hand -this 12th day of March A. D.l 1908.

Witnesses 5 lVM. H. FINGKEL, Pmmr F. LARNER.

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