US902499A - Inductor magneto alternator. - Google Patents

Description

.L. LE PoNTols. I NDUOTOB MAGNET() ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00 T.424, 1907.-4

Patana oct. 27, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

L. LE BONTOIS. INDUGTOR MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 24,1907.

Patented @eh21-1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. LE PONTOIS.

' INDUGTOR MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 24, 1907.

Patented 0017211908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. Np. V902,499.

v' To all whom may'concerm UNITED sTnTas PATENT. :onnron LEON LE PoNTors, or NEWRQCHELLE, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To HURD a HAGGIN. A coR- f roRATIoN or 'NEW YoRKL minne-Ton MAGNETD ALTERNATOR.

, Y Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 27, 190s.

Application filed October 24A, 1907. Serial No. 399,060.

' Be itknoWn-,that I, LEON :LE PoNTors, a

' citizen of the `Republic of France, residing at New Rochelle,l in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in InductorMagneto Alternators, of Which the fol-v lowing is ,a specification, reference beinghad to the'accompanying drawings. f

This invention relates in some features to alternating current II'nagnetos -especially designed for the generation .of alternating'current waves having rather sharp 'peaks and therefore best' adapted to operate sparkcoils usedto effect ignition in internal combustion engines. 4 i

. This invention relates more particularly to that type of magnetos called inductor alterlnators in which both the magnetic field structure' and lthe windings in Which'the alternat-.

' ing currents are generated ,are stationary,

when in operation, the rotatingfelement' merely consisting f'an iron armature having -such a shape that itmodities by its rotation -1 25 the density and direction of the magnetic fiux threading through the stationary windings. The intensity of such currents depends on the rate at Whichthe densit or direction of the magnetic flux/through t e generating Windings is modified bythe rotation of the inductor; and this-de `ends in turn on the polar relation existing etween therotating element and the stationary element.

The special purpose of the present invention is to change the density or direction of lthe magnetic fiux more suddenly than in the devices' heretofore used for this purpose, and this l have accomplished by providing a magnetic structure which secures a rapid change in the density or direction of the magnetic flux through the generating windings during a relatively'short period of time or during a small angular movement ofthe rotor. In order to obtain such results I employ the structure illustrated in the drawings, in which- Figure' 1 is an end view! Fig. 2, a 'verti- Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal median section. Figs. 4, 5,' and 6, show the paths ofthe magnetic flux in diiierent positions of the rotor.

The magnetic eld is composed of a number of steel plates 1,'1, pressed into close con- Q tact by the frame 2, 2, and through bolts 3, 3. i this condition of the plates l, 1f a magnetic The frame and magnets'are mounted in bearl inductor, such as the rotor 4, be placed beings 7', 7, so as to be adjustable therein to vary the time at which currents suitable for ignition purposes are generated. Each ofthe plates 1 is magnetized by, placingy the surfaces of the two opposingcentral portions in close proximity respectively to the north and south 'poles of a powerful electromagnet Which closes its circuit thrpu gh the V-shaped parts of the plate 1, developing in the'central portions ofthe plates two consequent magnetic poles of opposite polarity. The extensions N1, N2.of one central Jortion are therefore say of north polarity, While the extensions S, S2 'of the opposite Ycentral portion are of the opposite or south polaritiy. The polar extensions N1, N2 and Sl, S2 are connected respectively by bridges N3, S3

around which the generating windings 5, v6" are placed. The polar areas N1, Niis and S1, S2, SS are not permanently magnetized. The V sha ed portions ol the plates are thoroughly ardened, While the central polar areas are allowedvto remain comparatively soft by means of a special process.

In order to cause the steel molecules to as- Isume permanently parallel positions in the lines of magnetic polarization, in the -V shaped portions the plates 1 are individually placedin close proximity to the magnetizing lelectro-ma net While they are at a high temperature, a out 715 C. The V sha ed ends which are to be magnetized are tien rsuddenly cooled while their molecules are under the influence ofI the magnetizing field. The central portions of the plates remain annealed, and when the plates are removed lfrom the iniiuence ofthe electro-magnet, the

V shaped parts of the plates only Will be i'ound to be permanently magnetized, while4 the central portions of the plates are magnetized by the inductive laction of the per-V manentlyr magnetizeddportions of the structure. By thus provi ing an integral plate which is hardened and permanently magnetized in certain portions, While having soft portions of high permeability, Iam enabled to fuliil the objects of my invention without introducing the otherwise unavoidable reluctance of magnetic joints. vl thereby obtain magnetic circuits of minimum reluctance and also secure great strenvth and rigidity in the magnetic structure. lan consequence of tween N2, S, as shown in Fig. et, and is then suddenly changed to the position shown in bridge S3 and the upper V to N1.

Fig. G, the magnetic flux will shift much more readily ironrthe path N2, Sl to the path N1, S2 than if the-bridges N, S3 and polar extensions Were not annealed.

The magnetic conditions corresponding to the diierent positions of the rotor t as illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 may be briefly described: In the position shown in Fig. -t the reluctance of the path Ni, S" causes the iiux which' would otherwise issue from N1 to cross the bridge N3 and to pass Iby Way of X2 and the inductor 4, to S1 and closiiig. its circuit through the upper V, while the flux issuing from X2 passes by u'ay ojlft, S1 and S3 closing its circuit through the lower V. in F ig. 6 owing to the great reluctance oii'ered by the magnetic path N2 S the magnetic tlux instead of passing from X crosses the bridge N3 and flows in parallel with the Hux issuing from N1 through the inductor and reaches the Ypol-ar projection S2 wheiice the two iluxes take divergent courses, one returningthrough the lower V, the other returning through the In the position shownin Fig. 5, the magnetic reluctance ci the paths N1 S1 and N2 S2 being practically equal, the mag -tic ilux tends to flow through these paths, as shown by the arrows, closing its circuits through the upper and lower V .polarized circuits respectively. Thus, 'while the inductor et, occupies 'successively in its rotation the three positions shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6, the magnetic flux threading through the stationary windings, 5, 6, Wound on the bridges, N3 S3 passes from a maximum density in` one direction to a maximum density inthe opposite direction.

By reason of the-exterior form of the plates 1,'1, and of the magnetic field composed of them, it is possible by means of rod '8 to swing the field magnets about their pivotal supports, so as to change the time ot' the generation of the two high peaked current Waves without causing the magnets to extend laterally beyond thc central diameter',

thereby permit-ting such change ol position tobe made -ithin that space. l

'l`l'ie'circuit closer and interrupter is operated by a 4cam l() on the rotor shaft and serves to short circuit the combined circuit of the two stationary Windingst, 6, excepting at or near the time when' thecurrent is employed to produce a spa-rk.A vWhen this circuit is opened the coils are placed in series with the 'primary ci? the induction coil and the electrical energy stored in them under the form oi self induction is discliarged to the primary Windirg of the induction coil.

The electric circuit is opened at the nionient when the current induced in the stationary 'iif'indings reaches its maximum, and

`although this time varies slightly with the` increase of speed of the rotor it is approxitionary element.

coat-ee the'position shown in. Fig. (i.

it will be noted that the dimensions oi the .polar 'faces of the rotating element in operative magnetic relation with the polar faces oi the stationary element are such that the total magnetic reluctance ol the combined magnetic circuits changes very little in the different )ositions o1pA the inductor when rotating Witlhin the stationary structure. This is due to the Width oi the polar faces ol" the rotor being greater thanthe distance between adjoining polar extensions of the sta- 'Abnormal magnetic leakage which `would otherwise lead to ultimate demagnetization of the permanently niagnetized portions, vis consequently avoided.

4This arrangement Aalso greatly increases the rapidity with which the intensity and direc-- tion of the ilux threading through .the generating windings changes and increases the intensity of the current generated in the Wind ings corres ondingly. Thus, it will be understood t'iat, although the change in the densityo'i the inagiietlc'flux through the alternative paths successively controlled. by the rotor tends to correspond with the respective reluctance of said paths, yet by reason of the tact that the windings 5, 6 are short circuited upon themselves while thereluctance oi the magnetic path is increasing, the current induced in thc coils, G tends to oppose such change, and the rate at which the density ot the flux decreases is not proportional to the increase in reluctanceof the magnetic pat-h. Thus as the inductor passes from the position of Fig. 4, the reluctance of' the ath from N to Sl gradually increases;

the c ensity ot the magnetic lines in said pathv path of the magnetic lines will take place.

At the moment however, when the short circuit loi the generating windings is removed by the operation of the interruptor, the opposing action of the windings to change in flux is decreased, and at that moment a new path of low magnetic reluctance-is oti'ered to the fiux by reason of a considerable portion of the rotor having moved Within the influence of. the previously inactive oler extensions; The .opposing action or the generating windings to change in flux having been decreased, and a new ath of low magnetic reluctance being simuliianeously ott'ercd for causing the iiux to ass through the windings in the opposite irection, the decrease in iiux, through the 'windings in the direction shown in Fig. -t tends to coincide with the i11- 'cuit of the windings is removed, leads momentarily to a comparatively large output of ythe generator during the short period required for ener izing the sparking apparatus.

Although I ave described one embodiment of my invention,` it will be understood that various other embodiments and a plications thereof may be made without dJeparting from the scope of my invention. It will `of course, also be understood that where I use the word iron inthe claims, I intend 'to cover the use of steel as well, or any similar material.

-therewith, a Winding on said soft iron porl I claim A 1. In a magneto generator-,of the inductor type, the combination of a frame com rising an integral member, said member aving two lpermanently magnetized portions of hardened iron and portions of soft iron connecting oles of like polarityand integral with said) permanently iriagnetized portions, windings on said soft iron ortions, and a rotor for controlling thepat s of the magnetic flux.

2. In a magneto generator of the inductor type, the combination of a frame comprising an integral member, said member having a permanently magnetized portion of hardened iron and a polar portion of soft iron integral tion, andarotor for controlling the paths of the magnetic fiuX. l

3. In an inductor generator, the combination of a frame comprisin a ermanently magnetized portion of har ene iron and a polar portion of soft iron integral therewith, a' win ing on said latter portion, and a rotating element for reversing the -magnetic linx `through said winding.

4. In a magneto generator, the combina-y tion of an element comprising a ermanently magnetized portion of hardened) iron and a polar portion of soft iron integral therewith, a second element for 'controlling the path of the magnetic'flux, and a winding on one of said elements.

5. In a magneto generator of the inductor type, the combination of a stationary frame comprising a plurality of iron parts, each of said parts having a plurality of permanently magnetized portions of hardened iron and a plurality of ortions of soft iron connecting adjoining po es of like polarity of said permanently magnetized portions and integral therewith, windings on said soft iron portions, and a rotating element for reversin the direction of magnetic flux through sai windings, said rotating element having polar faces of greater width than the space between like poles of said frame.

LEON LE PONTOIS. IVitnesses:

MAE A. DERLIN, HARoLD SCHWARTZ.

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