US899088A - Governor for dynamos. - Google Patents

Description

c. L. WEICHBLT, GOVERNOR FOR DYNAMOS.

APPLICATION ILED DBO. 11,1907.

v Patented Sept. 22, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY.

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. of the city y engine, to advancing or retz'irding the CHARLES L. WEIQIIELT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLIAXA.

GOVERNOR FOR DYNAMOS.

To (ill -ulom it ymay concern.:

Be it known that I, CIrAnLEs L. \VmcnEL'r, a citizen of the United States, and a resident and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented eert-ain new and useful Improvements in Governors for llynamos, of which the following is a. specification.

My invention relates to improvements in devices for governing the speed of a dynamo, and more. particularly to improvements in devices for governingT the speed of that form of dynamo which is frietionally driven by the fly wheel of an internal combustion engine and the current. generated by which is employed to explode thc charges in the cylinders of said engine.

'lo obtain the liest results the. armature of the dynamo should revolve 'at practically a constant speed. ln inostinternal combustion engines the speed of the. fly wheel, owing to opening or closing of the throttle of the spark, or for some other reason, varies and the s wed of a dynamo frictionall-y driven from tlie wheel will, unless provided' with some form of governing device, also vary. The governing device usually em )loyed is some form of well known centrifugal gm'ernor which is attached in some way to the dynamo, but the action of this device is such that the armature is driven more or less intermittently.

The, purpose of my invention is to furnish a. governing device for a frictionallydriven dynamo which will maintain a constant speed of the armature entirely irrespective of variations in the speed of the driving means,

Another object is to do away with the moving balls or weighted arms of the usual form of centrifugal governor, which, being usually unprotected, not unfrcquently cause accidents to the operator or other person by becoming entangled with their clothing.

In the accompanying drawings forming art of this specification, and in which simiar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views :*Figure 1, is a View partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal central sectional elevation of my improved governing device. Figs. 2, 3 and 4 diagrammatic views of different forms of magnet winding which I may employ in my invention.

Referring to Fig. l, a is a hollow steel core through which passes the extended shaftvb Specification of Letters Patent.

Patellis-.- Sept. 22, 19,08.

Application led December 11, 1907,. Serial No. 405,989.

` not shown. p is f part of core a., steel shell the '-led as shown at a ringf of some brass or fiber.

of the armature, whit-l an angular flange, ferr upon which is mounte forward end of which 1. Opposite the flange :'1 non-magnetic materia-i- Surrounding the core nand between the flange p and the ringj'. the magnetizing coil g. v'llie lead wires 1*? to convey the necessary current from `ie dynamo to the magnet winding are ed through the flange p. d is a bea shown as a ball bearing, securely fasteresi to the inner end of the hollow core a.

'lhe magnet is secured :o the frame of the dynamo and is held ce: al and in alinement with the armature ih r -ihe bearing (Z and the shaft b. Upon the fa- `ended armature shaft I) is mounted loos." 'ie flanged steel hub 71, to which is secueled friction pulley 'z'. T with a key or feat-her 'e way fr in shaft b. The hub 71y serves to comph` cuit of magnet y and ture of this magnet. portion t of the hub with the beveled 1` ront e these beveled surfaces duce the air gap between mature and at the sant-r tively long movement e the sha-ft l), in other m permits a considerable rf: mature without danger r the field of attraction i of somewhat less diam that it may revolve fre#L 0 is a spring placed i and surrounding shaft bears against the bearir to shaft b, and its otheL tension mY of the huh f. mally forces the hub, pr. wards, a collar n, fasti iting its movement in t:

The magnetic circuit t. dieatcd by dotted lines rlhe spring o normal outwards and holds the` driving wheel. At non gis not sufficiently ener nu ro pull against spring o but any incrm se. eed of the pulley fz', is immediately tralsemtted to the armature shaft b, to which this pulley is fasmagnet g sufficiently to cause it to draw the hub or armature 7i towards it and compress the spring 0, this will result in reducingr the contact pressure between the pulleyil and the driving wheel and permit the pulley to slip. The greater the speed ofthe driving wheel the greater will be the slip of tliepulley 'i and, conversely, theless the speed of this wheel the less the slip of the pulley..

It will be noted that the pulley'iisnever entirely out of contact with the driving wheel but is so arranged that it is held more or less tightly against this wheel as dictated by the action of spring o and magnet g hence the contact movement of tlie shaft bis constant and not intermittent.

If for any reason the dynamo should fail to generate its proper voltage at a known spcedtlie controlling device would allow the speed to rise or fall unt-il the proper voltage is generated. The air gap between the inagiiet andftlie armature may be varied for adjustment, increasing the air gap increases the speed the dynamo, decreasing it dccreases the speed.

There is no mechanical connection between tlie coi'trolliiig' magnet g and the armature 7i alii. ,pulley i, the longitudinal movements of the-latter are controlled entirely by the foi'i'iicnk and the spring o. rllie device is very sensi vive and responds iiistantly to any chanf'c of electro motive force generated by the dynamo.

In Figs. 2, 3 and 4 diagrammatic arrangements of the dynamo and diifercnt forms of windings of my magnet are shown. In Fig. 2 aparallel connection is shown. The leads of magnet are connected across the brushes `oi" the dynamo so that the f ull voltage of the dynamo act-s upon the magnet winding. In this, and the following figures, 1 represents the armature, 2 the coniinutator, 3 brushes of the dynamo, 4 the terminals, 5 the ield coils, g the controller magnet, 7 the line wires.

In Fig. 3, the magnet i/ is shown connected in series with the field coils. The connection shown in this figure and in Fig. 2 are used when the current taken from the dynamo does not have very much variation.

When there is a great variation in the ciir rent from thedynamo a differential winding, as shown in Fig. 4, is preferred. In this case the first, or shunt, winding and connected in series with the outside circuits. IVhen there is no current flowing through the series winding the f ull strength of the shunt winding will act upon the spring thereby reducing the tension between the driving and driven wheel, as soon, however, as 'the current starts to flow through the series winding part of the lines of torce in the shunt will be neutralized thereby weakening the pull of the magnet and increasing the contact between the driving and driven wheel.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to sccuie by Letters Patent:-

v1. -In a speed governing device of the eliaracter described, in combination, a dynamo, an armature and shaft, a driven pulley, a. hub or armature slidingly carried by said shaft and carrying said pulley, a spring for controlling the movement of said hub or armo to the winding otsaid electro-magnet. i, 8

2. In a speed governing device of the char,- actcr described, in combination, a dynanid and its shaft, a stationary controlling elec-, tro-magnet surrounding the armature shaftt of said dynamo and subject tothe changes of u l l electro-motive force generated by said dyi, name, an armature mounted slidiiigly upon V the arinat ure slia'ft of said dynamo, a friction pulley carried by said sliding armature, and

a spring for forcing said armature and pulley 9591,

away from said magnet.

3. In combination, a dynamo, an armature and its shai t, a stationary electro-magnet, carried by the frame ot the dynamo, the core of which is hollow and which surrounds said armature sliaf t, an armature for said magnet mounted slidingly upon said shaft, a friction pulley carried by said magnet armature, a spring within said hollow magnet core opel'- ating to force said magnet armature and` pulley outward, and connections between thea held coils of said dynamo and the winding of said electro-inagiiet. i

CHARLES L. WEICHELT.

IVitnesses:

GEORGE V. SELTZER,

CHARLES A. RUTTER.

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