US895830A - Electric brake. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED AUG. 11, 1908.

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No. 895,830. PATENTED AUG. 11, 1908.

E. H. ANDERSON.

ELECTRIC BRAKE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1901.

3SEEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses: I Inventor.

[l/r zz/h Edward Hflnder'son No. 895,830. PATENTED AUG. 11, 1908. E. H. ANDERSON.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 23, 1901. v 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Witnesses;

In Venb OT UNITED STATES rg rnn'r orrroa.

EDWARD H. ANDERSON, OF SOHENEOTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

Specification of- Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11,1908.

Application filed July 28, 1901. Serial No. 69,417.

SON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Brakes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electric-railway brakes, and its object is to cause the brakechain of an ordinary brake-rigging to be wound up by electric ower whenever the motorman turns the rake-handle in the usual manner of putting on the brakes.

Many of the modern trolley-cars are ,35 or 40 feet long and correspondingly heavy. The work involved in stopping such a car by the ordinary hand-brakes is very severe on the motorman. My invention aims to replace hand brakes by providing the brakerig in with a small electric motor, contro le by the customary motion of the brake-handle, and operating to wind up the chain when the handle is revolved, thus relieving the motorman of all work other than merely overcoming the friction of the handle and its staff or spmdle.

The'preferred mode of carrying my invention into effect isshown in the accompanying drawings, in which 0 Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved brake-operating mechanism; Fig. 2

is a plan view on the line 22, Fig. 1; Fig. 3

is a plan view on theline 33, Fig. 1; Fi 4 is a diagram of the circuits; Fig. 5 is a iagram of a modification.

The brake-chain A is attached as usual to an upright rotatable stafi or spindle B extending up through the floor O at the end of .the car or the car platform, and provided with a tubular portion B. rotatably sleeved or loosely mounted on the ortion B. To the upper end of the portion the handleD is attached. A screw E passing through the tubular portion B into a groove bin the staff B keeps the two. parts together. To the tubular portion B just above the floor C is secured the usual ratchetwheel F engaged by the detent-pawl The portion B e'xtends below the floor, where one portion of the staff carries a dog G having a tail 9 lyin between the lugsh on a notched sector I secured to the other portion of the stall, there being sufficient space between the lugs to give a certain amount of play to the dog. From this construction it will be seen that the customary revolution of the handle D -will carry the dog into contact with a lug on the sector and connect the two parts of the brake-staff. so that they rotate together in the usual manner. But in order to relievethe motormanof the labor involved in thus applying the brakes by hand, I connect the brake-rigging with the armature of an electric motor,- and locate a plurality of fieldcoils adjacent thereto, preferabl to be progressively energized y current from the trolley or other source of power, so as to setup a rotating field and cause the armature to rotate and apply the brakes. The field coils are shown in the accompanying drawings as connected to a commutator on which runs a brush carried by the tubular portion. B of the staff but it will be understood that other means may be employed 'whereby the motor is controlled from the operating handle.

The field-coils I are shown as t'welvein number, though any multiple of the armature-poles may be used. The twelve fieldcores K project inwardly from an annular frame It concentric with the staff B and attached to the floor G by hangers K. The fiat field-coils I each include three cores, each coil being ofiset twice-to enable succeeding coils to overlap. The coils are connected in multiple to a lead 1 from the trolley, a suitable permanent' resistance L being included in the circuit to cut down the current to the proper amount. The. other terminal of each coil is connected with a segment m of a fixed commutator M supported concentric with the stafi B, preferably by a ring .m resting on top of the frame 7c. The twelve segments of thecommutator are connected by leads 3 intothree groups of four each,- spaced at equal distances aroung the stall. Resting on the commutator is a brush N carried by, but insulated. from, the portionlB of the staff, and connected with the coils P on the armatime P which is secured to the stafl B inside the field-cores. The four armature-coils are all in series and one terminal is grounded through'theshaft B. The armature is preferably mounted on the shaft or spindle B so that the said ,shaft extends on both sides of arranged V said armature, the upper extending end carrying the brake handle and the lower extendp the commutator on which the brush rests,

passing through said brush and the arma ture-co ils to ground. The four ener ized field-coils produce two pairs of resu tant magnetic poles lying at right angles. The

l$.-pole pieces of the armature are magnetized similarly and at once rotate enough to place themselves in correspondence with those of the field. If the motorman now re- 1 vvolves'the handle D, carrying the brush to 23 the next commutator-segment, the current is cut off from the first set of field-coils and en er izes the next set, thereby shifting the resu tant poles one-twelfth of .a revolution. The armature at once turns to lace itself in 25 line with the new position of t e field-poles and this operation 1s repeated every time the brush moves on to a new segment either in forward or backward direction of movement. It thus a pears that the simple turning of the so handle l causes the resultant field-poles to rotate, exerting a torque on the armature and thereby winding I up or releasing the brake-chain de ending upon the direction of rotation of the andle. The play of the dog between the lugs h is sufficient to permit the brush to pass from one segment to another before the dog strikes the leadinglu so that provided the torque produced by t e motor is sufficiently great-this lug is always kept in 40 advance of the do in either direction of rotation of the spind e, and the work of the motorman is reduced to merely overcoming the 4 friction of the tubular portion B of the stall.

. If the motor stops for any reason, such as fe lack of current, the slight backward move- "ment of the armature-brings the leading lug hagainst the dog, and'the motorman can then continue the application of the brakes in the usual manner.

In the modificationshown inIFig. 5,onlyone motor is used, but two commutators are provided, one for each brake-handle, and connected in multiple, so that the operation of either handle will cause the armature of the motor to rotate.

stafl" is omitted, the handle and brush being carried on thestaii B. A switch S 'is pro- Vided in each lead 6,, which connects each brush with one terminal of the armature- The operation of the preferred modificaeeasso coils, the other terminal of said coils being grounded through the motor-shaft T. ;'By means of the switches S the rear commutator canbe cut out, leaving the brake-motor .u with the lever U which is connected by rods and chains a with the brake-staffs; An

additional brake-chain'V connects the lever U with the shaftof the motor T, which is laced under the body of the carnear said ever. The rotation of the brake-staff B not only sets the motor running to wind up the chain V, but it also winds up the slack of the chain it, so' that when the motor stops for 99 lack of current, the application of the brakes is continued by the further rotationof the brake-staff winding up thechain u.

While I have illustrated and described my invention as applied to a brake-rigging and 5 have hereinafter claimed it in combination with said brake-rigging, it will of course be understood that it is not so limited in its application as it may be advantageously employed to controlv the movements of other power-operated shafts {or members, and I aim in the appended claims to cover all modifications of m invention which do not involve a departure from its s irit'and scope.

What I claim as new an desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. The combination with the brake-rigging of an electric railway car, of an electric motor arranged to actuate said rigging, a commutatorfor said motor concentric with theflbrake-stafi, and a brush carried by said sta i 2. The combination with'a brake-rigging, of an electricmotor arranged to wind up the chain ofsaid rigging, means for causing said motor to rotate by the turning of the brakehandle, and to keep slightly in advance of said handle.

3. The combination with a brake-rigging, of an electric motor arranged to wind up the chain of said rigging, means for causing said motor to rotate by the turning of the brakehandle, andto keep slightly in dvance of said handle, and means whereby s id handle can continue the application of the brake in case the motor stops.

4. The combination. with a rotatable member, of a motor having an armature and a multipolar field-magnet concentric therewith. a commutator connected with the field- 13 0 connected in parallel, of a commutator-having a segment for each coil, independent leads connecting equidistant segments into groups, an armature concentric with said field-magnet, a brush making contact with one segment at a time and in series with the arma.

ture, and means for moving the brush.

. 6. The combination with the brake-rigging'of an electric car, of a brake-staff and handle, a rotatable armature for actuating said brake-staff, and means controlled by the movement of said handle for producing arotating field of force for exerting a torque on said armature, said field of force having an angular velocity corresponding to that of the brake-handle.

7. The combination with the brake-rigging of an electric car, of a rotatable armature for actuating said rigging, and means whereby the revolution of the brake-handle produces a rotating field of force to exert a torque on said armature. i i I 8. The combination Withthe brake-rigging of an electric car, of a motor comprising an armature connected with said rigging, a multipolar field magnet .having overlapping coils, and meansfor energizing one or more pairs of opposite coils in re ular progression.

9. The combination wit the brake-rigging of anelectric car, of a motor having an armature connected with said rigging, a multipolar field magnet having overlapping coils, and means actuated by a brake-staff vfor energizing one or more pairs of opposite coils in regular progression.

10. The combination-with the brake-rigging of an electric car, of a motor having an armature connected with said rigging, a mul tipolar field-magnet having overlapping of?- set fiat coils each including more than one pole-piece and connectedlin multiple, a commutator having a segment for each coil, and a brush on the brake-,stafi making contact with said commutator.

11. In a brake-system, a brake-staff made in two relatively rotatable portions, and means for connecting said portions with a certain amount of lost motion,',whereby the handle may be moved a certain distance in either direction without moving the brake staff, but a further movement of the handle will cause the stafi to move in a direction corresponding tothe direction of movement of the handle,

1.-Z. In a brake-system, a brake-staff comprising two portions, one sleeved on the other,

a notched sector on one portion, and a dog on the other portion engaging said sector,

whereby one portion of said brake stafl may be moved to a certain degree in either direction without moving the other portion of said vice and the handle.-

staii, but a further movement hi the fiIstmentioned portion will cause the secondmentioned portion to move in a direction corresponding to the direction of movement of the said first-mentioned portion.

13. In combination, a braking device, a rotary motor for actuatingsaid device, a brakehandle, and means separate from said handle but controlled thereby for causing the motor to rotate through an angular distance corresponding to the movement of the handle.

14, In combination, a braking device, a rotary motor for actuatin said device, a brake handle, means operate when said handle is moved for controlling the energization of said motor to cause it to rotate through an angular distance corresponding to .the movement of the handle, and a mechanical connnection between the said braking device and said handle.

15, In combination, a braking device, a rotary motor for actuating said device, a brake-handle, means comprising a commutator connected with said motor and a brush operated by'said handle. for controlling the angular movement of said motor, and a mechanical connection between the braking de- 16. In combination, a braking device, a motor for actuating said device, a brake-handle, a brake-staff, a'lost motion device connecting'said staii to said handle, means operated by said handle for controlling the movement of the motor," and a mechanical connection between the braking device and the brake-staff.

17. III'OOIIlbiIlMHOIl, a braking device, a

motor for actuating said device,v a brakehandle, meansoperated by said handle for controlling themo vement of the motor, and a mechanical connection having a lost motion between the braking device and the brake handle. p

18. The combination with a rotatable member, of an armature carried by said mem connected with the field coils, an operating handle, and a brush makin contact with the commutator and actuate by said handle,

whereby the "field coils are successivel connected in circuit to cause said mern er to rotate.

19. The combination with a rotatable member, of an armature carried by said mem ber, a multipolar field magnet, a commutator connected with the field coils, an operating handle, a brush making contact with the commutator and actuated by said handle, whereby {the field coils are successively connected in circuit to'cause said member to rotate, and independent means whereb said .member may be rotated by said hand e.

20. In an apparatus of the character described, a power driven brake spindle, an electric motor for operating said spindle, and

" ber, a multipolar field magnet, a commutator &

" a handle mounted on said spindle and havin member, and means-operated b said handle for controlling the operation 0 said' motor. 22. The combination with a rotatable member, of a motor connected to rotate said member, a handle loosely mounted on said member, means operated by said handle for controlling the operation of said motor, and means whereby said member may be mechanically 0 erated by said handle. i 23. scribed, a power driven brake spindle-,a men an apparatus of the character detor for operating said. spindle, a loosehandle for said spindle, and means for controlling the said motor from said handle.

24.'In combination-a rotatable member, an electric motor arranged to rotate said member, a handle mounted on said member and having a lost motion connection therewith, a chain which is Wound around said member as the latter is rotated, and means for controlling said motor from said handle.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of July, 190 1.

'EDWARD H. ANDERSON.

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