US894825A

US894825A - Apparatus for treating cement.

Info

Publication number: US894825A
Application number: US28278505A
Authority: US
Inventors: Oscar Gerlach
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-10-14
Filing date: 1905-10-14
Publication date: 1908-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 1925-08-04

Description

PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908.

o. MALAGA,l APPARATUS P0P. TRBATING CEMENT.

APPLIUATIQN FILED 00T. 14, 1905.

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PATENTED AU .4 1 l OfGfERLAGH.- G 908 APPARATUS PoR TREATING CEMENT APPLICATION FILED O0T.14,1906.

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OSCAR GERLACH, OF IOLA, KANSAS..

APPARATUS FOR TBEATING CEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 4, 1908.

Application filed October 14, 1905. Serial No. 282,785.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR GERLACH, a citizen of the United States, residin at Iola, in the county of Allen and State of ansas, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in A aratus for Treating Cement, of which the ff) lowing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in the process and apparatus for treating cef ment.

Figure 1 is a view partly in sidefelevatior'i` and partly in section ofha cement kiln embodymg my improvements and suited for carrying out my process. Fig. 2 is an 4end view looking into the calcining end ofthe kiln, the casing which carries the apparatus for delivering fuel to the kiln being renioved. Fig. 3 is a section on the Aline 33, Fig. l.. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of. the rotary cylinder shell. Fig. 5 is a face view or end elevation of the elevating or liftin and carrying device for withdrawing the c inker from the cooler, detached and on a larger scale, parts being broken away. Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are detailed views of the same. f

In the drawings l representsas an entirety a rotary cylinder,'preferably mounted with its axis inclined to the horizontal land supported in this position in any suitablefmanner. Power for rotating the cylinder may be supplied in any suitable manner. I have indicated driving vdevices for the cylinder com rising a gear wheelv laL mounted concentrica ly on the cylinder and secured thereto and driven by a set of power transmitting devices indicated as an entirety by 1b.

At its receiving end the cylinder oA ens into a large chamber 2 from which lea s an eX- haust chimney or stack 3. .The material may be fed to the receiving end ,of the rotary kiln in any suitable manner; for illustration I have shown a spiral conveyer for this purose.

The interior lining of the cylinder casing 1 for the greatest part of its length from its receiving end to its calcining and delivery end may be of any suitable and well known construction, and for the purpose of illustration I have indicated it as com osedof bricks or blocks 5 of a material W -ch is hi hly refractory to heat and laid up in the we known manner. At the delivery end of.y the kiln I arrange a ring or annular block of such bricks as indicated at 6. Between the ring 6 and the last annular row of bricks ahead of it within the cylinder casin I provide a lining or sheathing for the interior of the casing, as indicated at 8, which preferably consists of a concrete com @ed of crushed clinker, cement grit an cement in proper proportions to'produce the necessary binding action betw'een the constituents. The clinker should be 'crushed so as to consist of, particles rang ing anywhere from a quarter of an inch to three quarters of an inch in thickness and the cement grit should preferably be from a :twenty-mesh screen, although these specifications may be varied as desired. A A layer of this concrete, substantially of the same thickness as the lining of bricks at either end ofit .is molded or formed within the' cylinder casing in any preferred manner. The innen surface of this concrete lining is then washed with a mixture of cement and felds ar or iluorspar, or any other material whic may serve as a flux, which wash is adapted, when subject to high heat to roduce a hard highly refractory glaze upon t ie said lining and to provide a surface much more lasting than one formed of bricks with cement or motor joints. This thin layer of glaze fuses, when exposed to high heat, at some lower degree than the clinker concrete itself. By fusing, the glaze fills all the pores and openings of the underlying concrete and protects same from disinte ration by the heat. The newly formed clin er will, by adhesion to this glaze, form its own lining. A

In order to aid in the forming of the lining within the cylinder casing and to assist in increasing the integrity of it as an entirety and to hold it properly in place, a series of iron bars 9 arranged longitudinally of the cylinder casing and closelyvadjacent to its inner wall may be employed, and the concrete of the lining may be laid up around these bars. I have found it of considerable advantage to have the bars twisted into spiral form as shown in the drawings. This re fractory lining is arranged, as is shown, only at or near the end of the cylinder at which the high heat is provided for calcining or vitrifying the cement ore.

7 is a ring or annular block of highly refractory material arranged within the rin 6 at the delivery end of the cylinder. T is inner ring serves to check the flow downward and outward of the ore within the cylinder and is adaptedAU to maintain a bed of ore within the cylinder at the delivery end thereof. of substantially uniform thickness and over which the calcined or vitriiied ore which is delivered from the end of the cylinder must pass.

r1`he heat for effecting the caleining or vitrifying of the cement ores may be introduced into and generated within the firing end of the cylinder in any well known manner.

For the purpose of illustration If have shown a casing 12 mounted on a truck 13 which is adapted to move forward and\back relative to the calcining end of the cylinder upon a trackway 14. This easing 12 is preferably lined, as indicated at 12, with a highly refractory substance. At its front end/it is open and of su'liicient diameter to fit over and receive the lower or delivery end of the cylinder 1. Its opposite end is closed as indicated at 12L and through it extends the fuel delivery duct or ducts and devices indicated at 12b. These devices may be of any well known type adapted to introduce the kind of fuel to be used in the kiln.

12C is an outlet opening for the calcined or vitrified cement ore arranged through the casing 12 and adapted to lie immediately beneath the delivery end of the cylinder l and to permit the escape of the calcined orvvitrified ore from the said cylinder directly through and from the said casing.

' 15 indicates a water tank arranged beneath the cylinder casing 1 near the delivery end thereof. This water tank has the forward extending inclined wall 15 which is adapted to extend out under the casing 12 when the said casingl is in working position and to receive the ore delivered through' the opening 12c of the easing and to direct it into the lower part of the water tank 15. The troughed bottom wall of the tank is curvilinear in shape as indicated at 15a for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth.

16 indicates a pipe by means of which water may be fed into the said water tank, and 17 is an overflow pipe for escape of water from the said tank.

1t will be seen that immediately after the treated clinker is delivered from the end of the calcining chamber of the kiln it is practically instantly introduced directly into the water in the tank 15, and I have found it necessary to provide means for rapidly withdrawing the cement clinker from the said tank. For the purpose of illustration l have shown in the drawings a mechanism for withdrawing the cemeiit or cement clinker from the water tank which has many advantageous features of construction and operation. It consists of a rotary lifter and carrier 1S secured to and adapted to rotate with the cylinder 1. This carrier or conveyer 1S is adapted both to withdraw the cement or cement clinker from the water tank 15 and to deliver it to some suitable and convenient receptacle, such for example a hopper, as indicated at 1t). lt is advisable not to put this carrier or conveyor too close to the mouth of the rotary cylinder, in order to prevent steam rising l'rom the water tank from entering with the llame into the mouth of the kiln, and causing slight reduction olI the heat.

The conveyor 1S is preferably made in three segmental sections as indicated at 18, 1S, and 18h. Each segment has a bottom curved wall 1S" adapted to engage with the exterior surfnce of the cylinder casing 1 and to be secured` thereto and has also the vertical side walls 13d and 18"'. At one end the side walls of each segment are extended outwardly as indicated at ll, 1S". 'l`he edges of the extensions are arranged parallel to each other and are non-radial. lfrom the edges 18g of said side walls there project inwardly llanges 18h. rlhe side walls ol' each segment near its center are also extended outwardly as indicated at 181, 1Si, and at its other end the side walls of each segment extend outwardly as indicated at 1S, 15lf. At

'this end 'furthermore the non-radial edges 1S"x of the side walls are arranged to form a tight oint with the edges 1W of the adjacent segment. 18", 18 are inwardly turned flanges at the edges 165m. The adjacent edges of adjoining segments may be detachably secured together by bolts passing through their respective inwardly turned llanges or in any other suitable manner. 1t) indicate screens arranged between the side walls of the segments and preferably on nonradial lines. One of these screens is preterably arranged between each pair of segments at their adjoining edges, preferably between the flanges at these points and detachably held inv place. The screens consist of an outer` pinforated part 1Q and an inner grating 191. One of these screens is also arranged between the extended side walls 1st of each segment near its centei, and detachably secured in place. 20 are lifting plates or scoops arranged between the extended side walls of each segment and haring one end adjoining the screen between said side walls. These shelves 2() preferably have inwardly projecting lugs 20 by means of which they may be detachably secured to the adjacent side walls in any suitableA manner, so that they may be readily detached and replaced when worn.. rThe operation of this litter and conveyer 18 will be readily umlerstood. 'lhe extended portion of each casing with its shellIV and nonsradial screen may be considered a lifting and conveying element which, during each revolution of the cylinder 1, will travel once through the water tank 15 and will scoop up and withdraw from the tank any cement or cement ore above a certain height within the tank. lt will be noted that the curvilinear bottom 151L of the tank is preferably the segment of a circle struck from the axis of the cylinder 1 as a center, so that as each lifting and conveying element of the conveyer 18 enters and passes through the tank, its scoop. remains at substantiallythe same distance from the bottom of the tank and that as the said bottom is curvilinear, the shelf will tend to lift up material therefrom. As each lifting and conveying element moves out of and away from the tank any water which it may have caught u along with the cement or cement clinker wi drain back into the tank through the'screen 19. y,

In operation the cement ore to' be treated 'y is fed into the cylinder 1 and travels to the rear end thereof where it is subjected to the necessary caleining or vitrifying heat. In

practice this heat is found to be 2 @190 and 28000111. The clinker at this heat is then nimmediately dropped directly into water referably of a temperature of about F. his sudden change of temperature tends to make the clinker brittle,in some instances in fact to cause it to break up or disrupt and to make it considerably easier to grind. In order to maintain the temperature of the water at the desired point, a fresh supply of water may be causedtocontinuously enter the tank through the feed pipe 16 and the overflow water will drain off through the pipe 17. By thus introducing the treated cement ore directly into water ata low temperature, I have provided a process in which complicated and expensive cooling towers or various other expensive apparatus for cooling clinker is done away with, and I have substituted therefore an apparatus of low cost and extreme simplicity. l

When, through wear and tear of usage, the concrete lining 8 requires replacement, this may be quickly and readily done at slight expense, avoiding thereby the delay, employment of skilled'labor and expense incident to relining kilns with brick o-r blocks as has been heretofore theycase,sinee it does not require a skilled bricklayer to replace the lining and the materials of construction are much j, cheaper than would be brick adapted for this purpose.

Vhat I claim is:

1. In a cement kiln, the combination with a rotary cylinder', a stationary closure for one end of the cylinder having a material discharge o eningat the bottom thereof and fuel intro ucing means carried by said closure, of a water tank situated beneath said material discharge opening, and a conveyer for conducting material from said water tank.

2. In a cement kiln, the combination with a rotary cylinder, a stationary closure for one end of the cylinder having a materialdischarge opening at the bottom thereof and fuel-introducing means carried by said closure, of a water tank situated beneath said material-discharge opening, and a conveyer carried by said rotary cylinder and arranged to travel through and conduct material from said water tank.- j i 3. The combination of a cement kiln, adapted to deliver highly heated cement clinker, a water receptacle or vessel, adapted v to hold a body of water, and toreceive the lheated clinker directly from the combustion livered by the latter, and means .actuated by the kiln for engaging with the clinker in the 'body of water and withdrawing it therefrom,

substantially as described.

5. The combination of a rotary cement kiln, a water vessel or receptacle adjacent to the kiln, and adapted to receive the cement clinker therefrom, and a clinkerwithdrawing ldevice secured to and carried by the kiln,

substantially as described.

6. The combination of a rotary cement kiln, a water vessel or receptacle adjacent to the kiln, and adapted to receive the clinker therefrom, and a clinker lifting device carried by the kiln, and moving through the body of water in the said receptacle, substan-` tially as described.

7. The combination of a rotary cement kiln, a water receptacle or vessel below the delivering end of the kiln, and a series of clinker-lifting devices secured to the delivery end of the kiln, and arranged to move through the body of water in the receptacle, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a cement kiln, a water receptacle adjacent to the delivery end of the kiln, and having guiding devices for guiding the clinker as it moves downward through said receptacle, and a rotary clinker lifting device carried by said kiln and arranged to move through the body of water in the said receptacle, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a rotary cement kiln, a vessel or receptacle for the clinker, adjacent to the delivery end thereof, and a rotary clinker lifting device carried by said kiln and adapted to engage with the clinker and lift it from the said receptacle, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination of a rotary cement kiln, a water receptacle adjacent at the delivery end of the kiln and having a curved bottom wall concentric with the kiln, and a conveyer carried by said kiln and arranged to.move through the body of water in said receptacle.

11. The combination of a rotar cement kiln, a water receptacle below the elivering endof the s aid kiln, and a series of lifting elements carried by said kiln and arranged to receptacle, and euch comprising n` dotnoh- 1i) move through the body of water m the said able scoop and a detachable screen.

receptacle, and each lifting element compris- In testimony whereof I ai'lix my signature, ing a scoop and a screen. in presence of' two witnesses. 5 l2. The combination of a rotary cement v Y YY kiln, a water receptacle below the delivering OSCAR GERLALH end of the said kiln, and a Series of lifting ele- VitneSSeS: ments carried by said kiln and arranged to W. H. BROWN, move through the body of water in the 'said DAVID BEDELL.