US893887A

US893887A - Aeroplane.

Info

Publication number: US893887A
Application number: US42458208A
Authority: US
Inventors: Everett E Warner
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1908-04-01
Filing date: 1908-04-01
Publication date: 1908-07-21
Anticipated expiration: 1925-07-21

Description

PA TENTED JULY 21, 1908.

B. B. WARNER.

- AEROPLANE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 1, 1908.

I HPI IIHI EVERETT E. WARNER, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Lett-ers Patent.

Patented July 21, 1908.

Application filed April 1, 1908, Serial No. 424,582.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat' I, EVERETT E. WARNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Aeroplane, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the construction and arrangement of the kite or flight sustaining and guiding wings, flaps and planes of an aeroplane.

The object of this invention is to provide a very simple, chea and light construction which is stable and which is so buo ant that it requires but a comparative y small gmgunt of power to sustain and control its The embodiment of the invention illustrated by the drawings and described herein has an adjustable tip or steering head with vane-like supporting and current directing flaps ad'acent to the head, a supporting or kite su ace, the major part of which is back of the middle, an adjustable flap or tail piece for assisting the control of the upward and downward direction of flight, and side wings for assisting the control of fii ht across the wind. The lifting and prope mgwings and the car with the mechanism for operating the wings are not illustrated, for the form no part of the present invention. T e elevating wings, may, if desired, be such as are shownand described in Patent No. 881 ,836, issued to myself on March 10, 1908. The,

car may be formed of any light material suitably hung beneath the plane. 3

Figure 1 of the aecompan ing drawings shows a lan of one form 0 an aero lane which em odies the invention. Fig.2 s ows an ed e view of the same and Fig. 3 shows a view ooking at the front end of the head of the lane.

T e main frame of the form of invention illustrated consists of a longitudinally extending back-bone 1, a transversely extending body rib 2, a transversely extending head rib 3 and a transversely extending tail rib 4. These arts may be securely connected in any suitable manner and may be made of such light wood as bamboo, or may be made of light metal such as aluminum formed into tubular or other cross sectional shapes, which have the necessary stren th and requisite lightness. The ends of t ese ribs are guyed and stayed preferably by wires or cords 5. The stays can of course be made of other material if desired.

Below the frame and fastened to the body rib 2 and tail rib 4 and the guys 5 is a sheet 6 of thin light material, such as oil-silk, which forms the main body or kite section of the aero lane. This section, the major part of whic is back of the middle, and which is preferably wider at the front end than at the rear end, may, if desired, be made of. other fabric having suitable strength and lightness or may be made up of feathers.

Under the bow section of the main frame, which in the form shown is narrowest at the front end, are arranged a number of flaps or vanes 7. In the device shown there are two of these vanes, and they are preferably formed of oil-silk but may be formed of other strong light fabric or feathers. The forward of' these'vanes is attached at its front edge to the head rib 3 and the rear vane has its front edge attached to the transverse wire or cord 8. The side edges and rear edges of these vanes are preferably free, and the rear edge of the front vane underlaps the front edge of the vane back of it,.so that the rear edges of the vane'can drop down. Wires or cords 9, 10 and 11 are arranged transversely across the bow sectiqn for the purpose of staying and guying the frame, and these hold the vanes from being lifted above the plane of the frame. Between the flaps or vanes of the bow section and the main bod is an 0. e11- ing 1.2 in which .the lifting an prope ling wings previously referred to, but not shown, are designed 'to be located.

' The tip or head section which is referably can be held in,'or inclined above or belowthe plane of the frame,-as shown in dotted lines m Fig. 2. Cords or wires 21 and 22 may be. led from the ends of the cross bar 14 of thehead to the endsof the yard 19 and back through the sheave. 20 to the car for the urpose of holding the head in the plane 0 or These barsare guyed and stayed oscillating it transversely with relation to the lane of the frame,- as indicated in Fig. 3. l he head frame'is covered with a sheet 23 of oil-silk, feathers or like light material.

The tail section has a light longitudinal rib 24 of suitable material, hinged to the main frame by a 'oint 25 so that it may be oscillated up or down with relation to the plane of the main frame. This rib is stayed or guyed by a wire or cord 26. Secured to this tail frame is the tail which is formed of a piece 27,0f oil-silk, feathers or similar light material. Cords or wires 28 and 29 may lead from the central rib 24 around the ends of'the vertical cross-tree or yard 30 through the sheave 20 to the car for the purpose of holding the tail in the plane of, or oscillating it above or below the plane of the main section of the body.

At the ends of the main transverse rib 2 are hinged rods or tubes 31' to which are connected flag-like wing sections 32 of silk, feathers or the like. The side and rear edges of these flag-like sections are preferably free and connected with the rods 31 are cords or wires 33 which lead through the sheave 20 to the car for the urpose of swinging the wings in or out, as illustrated in Fig. 1 Similar flag-like wings 34 may be arranged at the rear end of the body'in the same way and provided with cord or wires 35 by means of which these wingsmay be positioned.

' When this aeroplane is in motion the head may be tilted up or down for the purpose of causing the flight to be deflected upwardly or downwardly and the tail may also be elevated or depressed to assist in directing the plane upwardly or downwardly. The head may also be oscillated transversely for changing the course of the plane or for compensating for the direction of the wind. The flaglike wings are moved inwardly or outwardly according to the direction of the wind, that is, if the wind is blowing across the plane the flags on the windward side are drawn in, and the flags on the leeward side are moved outwardly. During flight the free rear edges of the transverse vanes or fiapstend to hang downwardly. If the plane is falling or the air currents are greatest from beneath, the vanes close and provide a supporting surface. If the plane is rising or the air currents are greatest from above, the vanes slightly open and allow the air to pass through and strike against the main kite back of the center and tend to lift it and keep it on a horizontal plane.

The invention claimedis:

1. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like su porting surface attached to the frame main y back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, a head attached at the bow and vanes back of the head, with a space between the vanes and the main kite, substantially as specified.

2. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like supporting surface attached to the frame mainly back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, means for oscillating the tail upwardly and downwardly with relation to the plane of the main kite, a head attached at the bow and vanes back of the head, with a space between the van'es and the main kite, substantially as specified.

3. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like supporting surface attached to the frame mainly back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, a head attached at the bow, means for oscillating the head upwardly and downwardly with relation to the lane of the main kite, and vanes back of the ead, with a space between the vanes and the main kite, substantially as specified.

4. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like su porting surface attached to the frame main y back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, means for oscillating the tail upwardly and downwardly with relation to the plane of the main kite, a head attached at the bow, means for oscillating the head u wardly and downwardly with relation to t e lane of the main kite and vanes back of the ead, with a space between the vanes and the main kite, substantially as specified.

5. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like supporting surface attached to the frame mainly back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, means for oscillating the tail upwardly and downwardly with relation to the plane of the main kite, a head attached at the bow, means for oscillating the head transversely of the plane of the main kite and vanes back of the head with a space between the vanes and the main kite, substantially as specified.

. 6. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like su porting section attached tothe frame main y back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, a head attached at the bow,.means for oscillating the head upwardly and downwardly, means for oscillating the head transversely with. relation to the main kite and vanes back of the head with a space between the vanes and the main kite, substantially as specified.

7. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like supporting surface attached to the main frame mainly back of the middle, a tail attached at the stern, means for oscillating the tail above or below the plane of the main kite, a head attached at the bow, means for oscillating the head u wardly 'dr downwardly and means for oscil ating the head transversely with relation to the main kite and vanes back of the head with a s ace between the vanes and the main kite, su stantially as I specified. I

8. An aeroplane having; a longitudinally extending backbone with transverse. ribs, a supporting surface attached to the frame mainly. back of the middle, a tail frame hinged to the main frame, a tail attached to the tail frame, a head frame hin ed and pivoted to the main frame, a hea surface 'attached to the head frame, and vanes attached to the main frame back of the head, substan tially as specified.

9. An aeroplane having a main frame, a kite-like sup ortin surface attached to the frame main y bac of the middle, a tail,

frame attached to-the main frame, a tail sup-r ported by the tail frame, a head frame attached to the main frame, a head attached to the head frame, vanes attached to the main frame back of the heady and wings 15 hinged to and projectin outwardly from the' main frame, substantial y as specified.

EVERETT E, WARNER. Witnesses:

HARRY R. WILLIAMS, C. E. BUCKLAND.