US890615A - Automobile. - Google Patents

Description

N. 890,615. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908. A. G. DAVIS.y

AUTOMOBILE.

APPLIOATION FILED PEB. 8, 1904. 4

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witnesses; Inventor:

No. 890,615. PATBNTEDJUNE 16, 1908. A. G. DAVIS.

AUTOMOBILE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses Inventor z "Nm 890,61-5. PATENTEDJUNE 16,190.8.

A. G. DAVIS.

AUTOMOBILE.

. APPLIOATION FILED vIFBB. 8, 1904.

` s SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIQ. 5.

5 4 5 2 loFFB, VI l' 6 Witnesses: Inventor; ffm... WL LA UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT G. DAVIS, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AUTOMOBILE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 16, 1908.

Application filed February 8, 1904. Serial No. 192,479-

To all whom it `may concern:

Be 1t known that I, ALBERTO. Davis, a

citizen of the United States,fresiding at In carrying out my invention, I provide a prime mover, such for instance as a gasolene engine, and an electric generator driven tl'iereby, thus obtaining' the convenience and flexibility of electric drive, and eliminating the necessity of using speed-changing gears. One feature of my invention consists in the arrangement of` the motor driven by the generator and its circuits, whereby operation at a number of speeds and a gradual variation of speed and torque may be readily and efficiently obtained with a single motor.

Another feature of my invention consists inan arrangement whereby all losses in the motor are prevented when the machine'is running at full speed. 1

Another feature of my invention consists in an arrangement whereby the-generator circuit is 'gradually opened upon the application of the brake, regardless ofthe position of the circuit controller.

Another feature of my .invention consists in thef mechanicalarrangement of the motiver parts, whereby the -motivel parts form a com- )act unit, efficient in operation and not lialife to bethrown out of alinement or injured by jarring or straining on rough or uneven roads. I

Other features of my invention will appear from the following specification and from the accompanying drawings. in which Figure 1l shows a side view, with two wheels removed, of an automobile arranged in ac- 'cordance with my invention; lig. 2 shows a plan view of the saine with the car body re moved; Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a controlling switch adapted to my invention with the. cont-acts developed in a plane; Fig. 4 shows a set of diagrams of circ-ult connections correspomling to the different positions of the controlling switch shown in Fig. 3; and Flg. 5 shows diagrammatleally the brake pedal and the switch in the generator circuit controlled thereby.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, A repre- 60 sents the main frame of the automobile., upon which is supported the car body B, and to which are. secured in the usual manner the bearings for the wheels li.

C is an auxiliary frame, shown in Fig. 2,

upon which are mounted the motive parts of the machine, and which is supported from` the main frame A by a three-point suspension. Frame C maybe secured at one end t'frame A bybolts, as shown in Fig. 2, and at theother end may be supported from frame A by the hook or nose c, or by anyother form of singlepoint suspension. 'lghe three-point suspension of auxiliary frame C from frame Ainsures that any strain or bending of frame A, due to rough or unevenroads, will not be transmitted to the auxihary frame C and to the m0- tive parts carried thereby.

Supported from frame(1 is the prime mover C which may be ofany sultable type, such as a gasolene engine.' Mounted on the shaft ofthe prime mover E is the revolving part 0r armature of the generator G, the vstationary part or field of which is secured to frame C.

The armature is placed outside of the field,

as shown in Fig. 2, in order that the proportionate weight and the radius of gyration may be increased in order that it may act as a fly-wheel for the engine E. Also secured t0 traine is the motor M, which is placed with its shaft in line'with the engine shaft, and

which carries at one end of its shaft one mem- The other member of Wit-h ber of the clutch l". clutch l" iscarried by the engine shaft.

this arrangement the motor may be driven Although I have indicated a 10 'ries therewith. The controlling switch,

differential gears D, which are-connectedv l tor is running at approximately. the same through sprocket chains tofthe Wheels in the usual manner. The arrangement of'engine, generator and motor, in allnement and supported from a single frame, forms a compact unit of the motive parts, enables the engine a shaft to be clutched directly to the differen- -system of electrical-control. The motor M l handle as in Fi 1 consists of t tial gears Without transmission losses, and

insures the maintenance at all times of the prcIr'per relations between the motive parts.

representsa band brake, ,whichl may be of any well known type, and which is oper# ated through a bell-crank and through the rod h' by the brake pedal h shown in Fig. l.

Referring now Vto Fig.,3, I shall describe ai is provided with two armature windings and two commutators in order that series parallel combinations may be obtained in a single machine. The two armature windings with matically at m m in Fi 3. Themotonfield is indicated by m an as shown, has taps led to the controlling switch from both ends and from an intermediate point on the winding. The generator, which is indicated in Fig. 3 at G, and is there shown as acorn ound-y wound machine, may be of any suitab e type. j, in Fig. 3, represents the coil of the magnetic clutch; 1' represents a resistance in seconvenient e stationary contact-lingeredl to i, and the movable contacts as shown. The-controlling switch, besides the rQE position, has six runnin positions. -Positionsgl to 5, as indicated y the dotted lines, represent the forward running.

ositions, while'the osition B represents the aching/position. hecircuit connections, corres onding to the dijerent positions of the contro ling switch shown inFi 3,- are shown in Fig. 4. Thus, in dia am x the circuit connections for position of the motor controlling switch are shown. The generator G is connected through the field m', and the two armaturewindmgs m ofthe motor in sewhich ma be operated by anyl ries. Diagram 1X, corresponding to position 1 of the controller, shows the generator connectedi to the eld and the two armature i windings in series, with the direction of current through. the armature windings reversed relative to diagram'Bx. This is the slowspeedv forward position. Diagram. 2x shows a ortion of the field cut out, or short-cin.

cmted. The speed of the motor is cnsequentlyl increased and this diagram correonds tothe second speed. In diagram 3x,

s t e two armature windin s are shown conf nected in plarallel with eac other and in series with t e whole field. In diagram 4x the armature windinhgs are shown inparallel 'and a ortion of the eld windingshort-circuited. T corresponds to the fourth or highest speed. When thisspeed is reached, the me.=

speedas the generator, and in order to save e ectrical losses in the motor, the clutch connecting motorshaft andengine Shaft may be energized, and 'the motor circuit opened. This is accomplished at position 5 of the control switch, and the circuit arrangement is shown in diagram 5x.

By the above described arrangement, a i

simple, eflicient andonvenient control of the automobile is provided, whereby a numb'er of speeds may be obtained, the direction of movement reversed, and gradual accelera-` tion from one speedto another secured.

In order to permit of quick stopping without the necesslty for returning the controller handle to its off position, and also toprevent an application of the brake while energy is being supplied from the engine to the motor,

.I provide the arrangement shown in Fig. 5. thelr commutators are indicated Ydiagram- In Fig. 5, `h Arepresents the brake-,pedal which controls the band-,brake H throu h the connecting rod h', as has already been escribed. Mounted onthe same shaft with the brake-pedal h and adapted to be engaged thereby is the crank or lever 7c, which is conso i nected through 'the bell-crank vlc and connecting rods to the switch member K. Switch member K is connected in the generator circuit, and whenrotated on its axis en` gages consecutively the contacts connected to the resistance R, as shown. The normal position of switch member K is as shonw in theiigure. In this position resistanceR is entirely cutout of the generator circuit. Now, if the brakeedal h is de ressed, tightening the band-bra e H, switc member K` is rotated toward the left, cutting in resistance R step by step, and gradually reducing the current in the generatorV circuit and conseqhuentlythe power su plied to the motor, until when bra e-pedal is fully depressed, the extreme left-hand position is reached b switch member K and the generator circuit 1s o ened. Thus, by the simple application of t e brake, by means of the brake-pedal, the generator circuit is gradually, yet positively o ened, regardlesso the position o the hand e I of the'controllin switch.

I have now descri ed a complete motive system and control therefor, for automobiles, comprising a number of features which, While I prefer to use them to ether, ma with advantage be used separate y, and w ich I desire to claim, whether used together or not. Moreover I have shown my invention embodied in a com lete motor car, and for that purpose have s -own a number of details which are not important to my invention, and vwhich'may be materially modified without departin' from the spirit thereof. Accordingly, I o not desire to limit myself to the particular construction and arran ement lof parts here shown, since changes W -ch do prime mover.

and which are-within the scopeof the apended claims, will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

vWhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States,is,

1. In a selfropelled vehicle, in combination with the' 'rame thereof, a prime mover, an electric generator having its moving member mounted on the shaft of the prime mover, an electric rriotor having its shaft in line with the shaft of the prime mover, and an auxiliary frame supporting said primemover, said generator and said motor, and suspended from the said vehicle frame.

2. In a self-propelled vehicle, in combination with the main frame thereof,- an auxiliary frame supported at three points from said main frame, a prime mover supported from said auxiliary frame, an electric generator having its stationary member supported from said auxiliary frame andl its movable member mounted on the shaft of said rime mover, and an electric lmotor supporte from said auxiliary frame and having its shaft in line with the shaft of said rime mover.

3. In a selfpropelle vehicle, a prime mover, an electricg'enerator driven thereby, an electric motor having a plurality of armature windings, a switch adapted to connect said generator to said motor and-to vary the relative connections of said motor windings, and means for clutching said motor to said 4. In a self-propelled vehicle, a prime Amover, an electric generator driven thereby,

an electric motor having a plurality of armature windings, and a controlling switch adapted to connect said generator to said motor, to vary the series-parallel connections of said motor and to vary the iield ampereturns of said motor.

5. In a self-propelled vehicle, aI prime mover, an electric generator driven thereby, an electric motor having two armature windings, a magnetic clutch adapted when energized to c utch said motor to said prime mover, and a controlling switch adapted to connect said generator to the motor armature windings in series, then to weaken the iicld ol' the motor, then to connect the motor armature windings in parallel and to strengthen the ielid of the'motor, then to vweaken again the field of the motor, and then to connect said generator to said magnetic A clutch and too )en the circuit of the motor;

.an electric motor adapted to-be driven by said generator, a brake, means for controlling said brake, and means actuated by the brakecontrolling means for inserting resistance 1n.

vthe circuit of said generator.

8. In a self-propelled vehicle, a prime mover, an electric generator driven thereby, an electric motor-adapted to be driven by said generator, a brake, means Jfor applying said brake, and a switch" in the circuit of said generator arranged to be operated upon the application of said brake.

9. In a self-propelled vehicle, a prime mover, an electric generator driven thereby, an-elecftric motor adapted to vbe driven by said generator, a brake, means for applying said brake, and a switch arranged to be oper- `ated upon the application of .said brake and `to introduce resistance gradually into th circuit of said generator.

10. In a self-propelled vehicle, aprirne mover, an electric generator driven thereby,

an electric'motor adapted to be driven b vsaid generator, a brake, a pedal controlling said brake, and a switch in the `circuit of saidgenerator arranged to be operated by said pedal.

11. In a self}r)ropelled vehicle, in combination with the main frame thereof, an auxiliary frame supported at three points from' said mainframe., a prime mover, an electric generator, and an electric motor all supported from said auxiliary frame.

12. In a self-propelled vehicle, a primeA mover, a driven member`v electric transmission mechanism between said prime mover and said driven member, a brake, means for controlling said brake, and means operative upon the application of the brake for opening tlierircuitfof the transmission mechanism.

13. In a self-propelled vehicle, a prime mover, a driven member, electric transmission mechanism between said prime' mover and said driven inenibei-, a brake, means for controlling said brake, and means operative `upon the application of the brake for insert- 15. The combination ol a prime mover, a

dynamo driven thereby, a motor in axial alinen'ient with the dynamo, electrical con'- nections between the dynamo and motor, a driven member adapted to be actuated by tliemotor; vvmeans for locking the motor and dynamo together when the motor circuits have been adjusted for the maximum speed, whereby the power of the prime mover will be transmitted directly to the driven member,

` and' means for cutting the motor and dynamo out of circuit, when interlocked, substantially as described.

16. In combination, a'prime mover, a rimary shaft' driven thereby, a driven memy er,

a secondary shaft actuating the driven member, a dynamo operated from the primary shaft, an electric motor arranged to operate the secondary shaft, means for directly connecting the secondary and primary shafts, electrical connections between the dynamo and motor, and means for throwing the dynamo and motor out of electrical operaconnected, and means providing ay fixed point at which the aforesaid means may be actuated in the o eration of the generator and motor armatu es.

18. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with a prime-.moyen of a generator armature', a motorarmature, a clutch by which theshafts of said armatures may be connected, and -means providing a fixed point at which the aforesaid clutch may be actuated in the operation of the said armatures.

1-9. A power translating apparatus, comprising a prime-mover, an electric'generator, an electric motoi receiving current from said generator, means whereby the armature shafts of the said generator and motor may `be coupled together, and means providing a fixed point at which the aforesaid means may be actuated in the operation of said generator and motor. 1 f

-20. In'l a power translating apparatus, and in combination, a generator armature, a inotora'rm'ature, means for supplying the current from the generator armature to the motor'armature, means f or connect-ing and disconnecting the shafts of said armatures, and

means providing a fixed point at which the last aforesaid means may be actuated in the operation of thesaid armatures. s

21; A power translating apparatus, comprising a prime-mover, an electric enerator, an electric motor, meansfor supp ying current from the generatpr to the motor, means for controlling the torque and speed output of the motor, means for connecting the motor and generatorv armatures together mechanically, and means providing a fixed p'oint at which the mechanical connection may be made in the operation of sthe motorand dynamo.

22.. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with aprirne-mover, of a generf` ator armature, a motor armature, means for producing'fa magnetic flux through said armatures, aclutch for connecting the shafts of said armatures, and means for operating said clutch to connect the shafts when the motor circuits have been adjusted for maximum speed. l

23. In a power translating apparatus, and

in combination7 a prime-mover, an 'electric generator, an electric motor, lmeans for connecting the generator and motor electrically, means for connecting said generator and motor mechanically, and means for 'operating the last aforesaid means and regulating the magnetic flux in the fields of the electrical devices. Y

24. In a power translating apparatus, a

source of power,a driven member, electrical means for operating the driven member by the source lof power, mechanical means for operating the driven member by the source ov power,' and means rendering one of said means inoperative when the other is'operative. f

25. In a'power translating apparatus a source of power, a driven r'hembenvmeans whereby the driven member maybe actuated electrically, means whereby the driven member v may be actuated mechanically, and

means providing a certain point at which the operation of the last aforesaid means may be effected in the .operation of the electrical means. .e

.26. Ina power translatmg apparatus, a source of power, a drlven member, electrical and mechaniealmeans interchangeably availf.

able for` operating the driven member by the source of power and means providing a certain' point at which the operation of the aforesaid mechanical means ma be effected in the operationf the electrica means.

27. In a ower translating system, a primemover, a riven member, electrical and mechanical means interchangeably available for operating thel driven member by the prime mover, controlling devices for varying the speed and torque delivered from the prime mover through said electrical means to the driven member, andl means providing a certain point at which the operation of said mechanical means may` be effected Iin the operation of the controlling devices.

28. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with a prime mover, of a generator armature, amotor armature, means for producing an electromagnetic flux throu h said armatures, means for regulating t e electromagnetic flux through the motor( armature, a clutch for connecting the shaftsof '29,. In a vpower translating apparatus,-thev va clutch for connecting the shafts of the armatures together, and means for operating said clutch and controlling the `means for regulating the flux through the said armatures so that the latter are electrically inoperative when the clutch is operative, and vice versa.

30. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with a prime-mover, of a generator'armature, a motorarmature, means for producing a magnetic flux through said armatures, means for regulating the magnetic flux through said armatures, means by which the shafts of said armatures may be connected, and means providing a fixed point at which the last aforesaid means may be actuated in the operation of the generator and `motor armatures. V

31. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with a prime-mover, of a generator armature, a motor armature, means for producing a magnetic fiux through said armatures, means for regulating the magnetic flux' through said armatures, a clutch by which the shafts of saidarmatures may be connected, and means providing a fixed point at which the aforesaid clutch mayA be actuated in the operation of the said armatures.

32. In a power translating apparatus, the combination with a prime-mover, of a generator armature, a motor-armature, means electromagnetically operated by which the shafts of said-armatures may be connected, and means/providing a xed point at which the aforesaid means may be actuated in the operation of the generator and motor armatures. g

33. In a p`ower translating apparatus, the combination-with a prime-mover, of a gener-` ator armature, a motor armature, 'a clutch electromagnetically operated by which the shafts of saidl armatures may be connected, and means providing a fixed point at which the aforesaid clutch may be actuated in the operation of the said armatures.

34. In a power translating apparatus, a prime-mover, a driven member, a dynamo, a motor, an electromagnetically operated clutch for coupling the shafts of the armatures of said dynamo and motor together, means for producing a magnetic flux through the`armatures of said dynamo and motor,

means for controlling `the magnetic fluxthrough the armatures of said dynamo and motor for varying the speed offand the torque required of the motor, electrical connectionsbetween the respective terminals ofthe dynamo and motor, and electrical vconnections from the re's ective terminals of said clutch across vthe ynamo terminals in order that when the motor 1s operating at a slow speed l i l and considerable torque the clutch will be inoperative because of the low impressed elecytromotive force, and when the motor is opi erating at high speed and in considerable torque, the clutch will be automatically opg erative because of the higher impressed electro-motive-force.

35. In a power translating apparatus, a source of power, a driven member, electrical means for operating the driven member by thefsource of power, mechanical means for Aoperating the driven member by the source of power, and means providing a fixed point at which the operation of either of the aforesaid means inay be effected in the operation of the other.

36. In a power translating apparatus, a source of power, a driven member, means whereby the driven member may be actuated electrically, means whereby the driven member may be actuated mechanically, and means providing a fixed point at which the operation of eitherof the aforesaid means may be effected in the operation of the other.

37. In a powe translating apparatus, a source of power, a driven member, electrical and mechanical means interchangeably available for operating the driven member by the source of power, and means providing a fixed point at which the operation of either of the aforesaid -means may be effected in the operation of the other.

3S. In a power `translating apparatus, a source of power, a driven member, electrical means for operating the driven member by the source of power, mechanical means for operatingthe driven member by the source o power, and means providing a fixed point at which the operation of either of the aforesaid means may onlybe e'ected in the operation ofthe other.

39. In a power translating a paratus, a source of power, a driven `mem er, -means whereby the driven member may be actuated electrically, means whereby the driven member may b'e actuated mechanically', and means providing a fixed oint at which the operation of the aforesai means may only be effected in the operation of the other.

40. In a power translating apparatus, a source of power, a driven member, electrical and mechanical means interchangeably available in operating the driven member by the source of power, and means providing a fixed point at which the operation of the aforesaid means may only be effected in the operation of the other.

, 41. In combination, a prime mover, a primary shaft drivenv thereby, a secondary shaft in axial alinement. with the primary shaft, a driven part or member operated by said` seeondary shaft, a clutch between the primary and secondary shafts, and means for throwing said clutch into or out of operative position; with a dynamo operated by the 4 primry shaft, an electric motor erral edto I lli 1'Witness Whereofl here hereunto set I .f3 motor out of electrical o eration when 'the VWitnesses:l

operate tho/'e seconday'haft, electxilc` vconhan'd this sixth day o'February, 1904. nections ctween t e yna'mo an zmot'or, v f

and means forthrowing said dynamo `and ALBERT G' DAVIS' secondary shaft is directy driven from the BENJAMIN B. HULL i primary shaft.

- HELEN (D EFOIED.`

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