US890479A - Paint and varnish remover. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

JOHN M. WILSON, OF MONT-CLAIR, NEW JERSEY, AND HENRYA; HARRIS, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO WILSON COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORA- TION OF NEW JERSEY.

PAINT AND vAnms'H REMOV-ER.

, Patented June 9, 1908.

Application 'mea'retmu is, 1908. Serial No. 414,338.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we,":Jo1m M." WILSON and HENRY A. HARRIS, botlicitizens of the United States, and residing at Montclair,

.New Jersey, and Long Island "City, New

York, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paint an 1 Varnish Removers, of which the following is a s ecification.

n the production of finish removers adapted particularly for the treatment of dried films of paint or varnish, as distinguished from analogous, yet dissimilar waterproofing cements and Water-proofin compounds, which are, as a matter of far/t, a species of varnish, it is essential to produce an extremely slow-drying mixture, capable of yielding a soft, Wax-like, yet tenacious, impervious and sgbstantially non-adhesive film, upon the evaporation of the liquid solvent from the mixture Our invention relates to improvements in that class of finish removers, particularly paint, and varnish removers, which contain wax-like compounds preferably in. complete solution therein at normal te1nperaturcs,-

t. c. 20 degrees Centigrade, and which are yet extremely tenacious am free from wax-precipitants such as alcohols, and has for its objects the production of a mixture which is capable of iroducing a soft, impervious film upon a superficial evaporation of the solvent thereof and which is stable, when stored, and without effect upon the grain of the wooden surfaces which may be treated.

The paint and varnish removers'hcretofore produced which contain wax-like compounds therein, consisted not only of a wax solvent, or solvents, and wax, but also of either other normally solid compounds in solution, such as soft-soap and inorganic com ounds as clay, fullers"earth and talcum, or 'e se a compound such as alcohol, which was capable of precipitating the said wax and thereb I forming a more substantial film upon t e superficial evaporation of the wax solvent, than could be obtained were wax alone dissolved in a wax solvent, such as benzol (benzene). Moreover, the elimination of the so called paint and varnish which terms b they are enerally known, has; heretofore been consi cred impossible in those instances loyed in dissolvin the said i g that it has been desired to produce a mix ture for the treatment of pamt and varnish surfaces]. Not only was the benzol substantially inert toward aint and varnish films which had been age for greater-or less periods, but, on the other hand, the solvent action of said benzol on the wax, prevented the formation of a sufficient film to retard evaporation of the benzol. Again, the use of carbolic acid in conjunction with wax as a paint or varnish remover has never been considered feasible owing to its extremely corrosive pro erties, and also because of the fact that carbolic acid is ofiitself non-volatile, and therefore, the addition of wax would be superfluous.

Our experiments led to the discovery that a remarkably cfiicient finish remover suitable for the treatment of paint, varnish or wax films which have been exposed for long eriods to the atmosphere, can be producezl by the judicious mixture of benzol (benzene), carbolic acid and wax, said mixture possessin entirely different properties, both physical y and chemically, than the combined properties of the separate ingre-' dients thereof.

In carrying out our invention we prefer to.

roceed as follows: One-half pound of parafin wax is dissolved by heatmg in from aproxiinately one-half to one pound of 'carwho acid crystals of commerce, and to this mixture is added one gallon of benzol (ben zene), preferably said mixture occurring at a somew iat lower temperture than the maximum temperature of 70 (3., preferably emaraflin wax.

he mixture is then cooled an is ready for use.-

The said finish remover; as is evident, is not only extremely easy to produce, but the same possesses the remarkable property of dissolving dried films of paint, and varnish with as much facility as the commercial paint and varnish removers, consisting principally, orat least in large part, of wood alcohol (methyl alcohol). Moreover, u on the superficial evaporation of the benzo a remarkable tenacious and impervious film results, which is impossible to obtain when wax is dissolved in benzol alone or in carbolic acid alone. Owing to the absence of alcohol, or substances containing large arndunts of water, this mixture is absolutely inert in so faras any action upon the wooden surfaces to which it may be a lied is concerned, and thereby it is ossi e to subject the finest woods in. the orrn of veneers or panels to the action of this remover without w1n any way raising the grain thereof. It is thus possi'bte to avoid the subsequent sandpapering or planing'which is invariably required, when alcoholic or aqueous solvents are present in the remover. i One of the chief advantages, over and above those heretofore mentioned, possessed by the finish-remover herein described, is that, of stability, as the solution of the wax in the benzql and the carbolic acid, eliminates the possibility of the settling of said wax, especially in the cold, ufpon storage, and there- )y-the se egation o waxy particles at the bottom o the solution is entirely prevented. Such finely precipitated wax of many mixtures nowin use, even if in permanent suspension 'therein, is objectionable, owing to the fact thatin' ractlee it not only settles without'the agency of a paint 'or varnish remover. v

The term "'wax, when not otherwise qualified, is used generically in the claims to include various waxy bodies havingproper- ;tiescorresponding .to paraffin wax or beeswant, such aswould render them applicable scribed, including various mineral, vegetable or animal waxes, such as paraffin, Japan wax, beeswax, curriersgrease, etc. The expression"a wax-solvent containing the benzene ring" is used t0 'il10l11d8 aro-' matic hydrocarbons proper, and the substitution erivatives thereof, the term benzene ring being well understood by those skilled in the art to cover the structural formula containing six atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydro en or substitution radicals in lieu of the sail h dro e'n atoms. For exampleboth benzo and carbolic acid are com rehefided by said expression.

T 0 interaction of the benz'ol with the carwhich not only is non-corrosive toward wood, but is even without violent action u on the most delicate human skin'and there ore obviously the said mixture is harmless and without action upon the hands or even upon. the face, in the event of accidental appl cation thereto by one a plying the mixture or C(YlllpOUIlLl, either wit 1 a brush, or by means of pneumatic pressure, to thesurtaces treated,

. The remover, being free from'so called neu-' upon and coats t e surfaces to be treated,

.fortheproduction of the effect herein debolic acid, or phenol, produces a mixture tral or pure soaps, both of which are unsatisfactory in use, owing to the fact that the wood is darkened or discolored and the grain thereof is swollen or raised by the action thereof, is entirely without deleterious action 7; upon wood, and neither discoloration thereof or the swelling or raising of the grain occurs even when said removers are brought in contact-with the finest of woods. I

Another important feature of this invention resides in the fact that when said. remover is; chilled, no segregation of crystalline particles of wax occurs, as is the case when wax precipitants are resent, such for example as methyl alcohol, ut, on the other hand, the solution, when chilled, merely congcals in a manner exactly similar to the action of water between 0 and 4 G.,-in other words a homogeneous thickening of the solution occurs, with the production of a semi-solid mass. Upon raising, the temperature of the solutionwhen so congealed, it immediately assumes the original thin consistency and the wax is completely dissolved therein.

One half pound of paraffin wax is mentioned as the amount used in our preferred mixture, itis evident however t e amount of paraffin wax may vary within wide limits,

accordin to the nature of the mixture de- 5 sired am the pur oses for which said mixture is intended, but for ordinary use, we prefer employment of at least one-half'pound of Wax per gallon of benzol. Likewise, while the amount of carbolic acid crystals is speci fied in the preferred formula set forth, as varying from one-half to three-quarters of a pound, itis evident that, if desired, the amount of carbolic acid employed may vary beyond these limits, without departing from 5 the spirit of our invention, although preferably, when .a mixture is desired which is ab- 'solutely without action upon the hands, a proximately one-half pound of said carbo 1c acid is employed. On the other hand, in many cases, a pound of carbolieacid ma be advantageously employed without preju ice, owing'to the fact that the mixture is applied. either by means .of a spraying device or a brush, which are so manipulated asto avoid 5.

the possibility of contact of the mixture with sensitive portions of the skin, althou h the action ofeven this amount of carbo ic acid, is not at all dangerous or violent in so far as the hands of the person applying the 20 said remover are concerned, and in an event "the removal of the mixture from the s in can. be quickly accomplished when necessary without any harmful result whatsoever.

The term aqueous-alkaline solution is self 1 5 explanatory and obviously includes ammoniacal solutions or solutions'of soft soap 'which are invariabl alkaline in reaction.- Also, the meaning 0 the term aqueous-acid solution is self evident and obviously includes 136 of benz the common mineral acids and organic acids such as acetic acid, all of which ordinarily contain large percentages of water.

Having thus described our invention,

5 What we claim is:

1. A paint and varnish remover comprising benzol, phenol and wax, said mixture being free from preci itated wax, and being free from aqueous-a aline and aqueous-acid IO'SOlUiJiOIlS, and capable of ielding soft, yet tenacious, films, having ittle affinity for 4 wooden surfaces, upon the evaporation of the solvent superficially therefrom. s

2. A plamt and varnish removerconsisting o phenol, and wax, said wax being in complete solution in said mixture, and said mixture bein free from alcoholic wax-precipitants, ant capable of ielding soft, yet tenacious, films, having ittle affinity for wooden surfaces, upon the evaporation of the solvent superficially therefrom.

3. A palnt and varnish remover compris-v ing wax and a'plurality of wax-solvents containing the "benzene ring said mixture bein free from sufficient amounts of waxprec pitants to effect the precipitation of said wax at normal temperatures, and bein capable of yielding soft, yet tenacious, lms, iaving little a upon the evaporation of. the

solvent superficially therefrom.

nity for wooden surfaces,-

4. .A paint and varnish remover consisting of benzol, phenol and paraffin wax, said wax being in complete solution in said mixture, and said mixture beingfree from aqueousalkaline and aqueous-acid solutions, and

1 being free from wax-precipitants in sufficient amount to effect recipitation of said wax, the said mixture Eeing capable of yielding soft, yet tenacious, 'films, having little 40 affinity for wooden surfaces, upon the evappration of the solvent superficially thererom.

' 5. A paint and varnish remover consisting of one gallon of benzol, one-half to threequarters of a pound of carbolic acid crystals, and approximately one-half pound of wax, said wax being in complete solution in said mixture, and said mixture being free from wax-'precipitants, and capable of yielding soft, yet tenacious, films, having little affinity for wooden surfaces, u on .the evaporation of the benzol superficlal y therefrom. v

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of. 5 5 I twosubscribing witnesses, this third day of February 1908.

. JOHN M. WILSON.

HENRY A. HARRIS. Witnesses: i

CHARLES E. WIR'Z, W. H. SWENARTON.