US886289A - Process of generating and delivering gas under uniform pressure. - Google Patents

Description

No. 888,289. PATENTBD 8128.28; 1808..

W'. G. FINCK.

PROCESS 0F GENERATING AND DELIVERING'GAS UNDER UNIFDRJMI PRESSURE. APPLIOATI'ON'HLED PEB. ze, 1908. RENBWBD AUG. 24. 1907.

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vUNrrED STATES EE'EEN'E oEEIcE.

WILLIAM c. FINCK, oE ELIZABETH, NEW IEEsEY,.AssIGNoE To eEoEeE H. BENJAMIN, or NEW Yoan, N. Y.

PROCESS OF GENERATING AND DELIVERING- GAS UNDER UNIFORM PRESSURE.

No. $86,289.l

Specifiation of Letters Patent;

Patented April 28, 1908.

Application mearebmary V2e, 190e, seria No. 302,329. Renewed August A24, mor. .serial No. 390,042.

To all whom it mayconcem:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM FINCK, a

-`citizen of 'the United States, residing at Elizabeth, inthe county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Generation and Delivery of Gas Under Uniform Pressure to a Point of. Consumption, of which the follow-l ing is a full, clear, and exact'description.

My invention relates to a process for generating gas and delivering it under constant pressure. 'i

While producer, gas been extensively' applied to the o eration of engines, and'other uses, so far as am aware, there is no practical system by which producer gas can be employed for melting andv annealing, particularly in buildings subject to the ordinary f' insurance regulations- In my present invention I aim to devise a system applicable to 4the urposes above mentioned, and one that sha1 be cheap, compact, and very simple in operation, so as to beapplicable to the uses of ordinary: persons not skilled in the art. o

With these objects in view my invention consists in the method hereinafter set forth .and shown, and finally particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The drawing illustrates a 'diagrammatic yiew of the essential parts of a plant embodymg the principles of my invention.

A we l known form of producer as generator comprises a small hermetica y closed furnace with a water pan or water jacket incorporated therein, and pipes by. which a supply of airis led across the surface ofthe warm water and then fed through the grate and through 4the fuel bed. Such a generator produces gas having special qualities and is entirely different from illuminatin gas. The product is partly a coal and part y a water gas and contains avery large proportion of nitrogen and carbon dioxid,- and as a result its heating. value is only aboutone-quarter' `first''place,lmeans must be' provided for giv- Aing `a suction of about four ounds so as to maintain thefdraft or current-t ough the generator andkeep it in action. Secondly, the gas ymust be raised to .ar constant pressuresuitable to its nature which 1s considerably higher than ordinary illuminatnggas Aand amounting Ito about oneand onequarterpounds in practice. These results can of course be accomplished `by the use of'punri s' e, use of a gasometer is, however, quite outof and a gasometer of sufficient capacity.

the 'question in home. or Xprivate plantson further out of the question because the conkeep the proper amount o f gas in the gasometer.

The object of my invention is to make producer gas available in a private plant for melting and' annealing and other burners.

In carrying out the invention I make use of a system of piping combined with a pump by which a suitable suction is created 1n the generator, and the gas is impelled to the delivery burners under the required pressure .without the use of any reservoirs, ga'someters, or like devices.

Referring to the drawing, A denotes the generator having a fuel bed B, and a'water an C. While any construction of generator 1s applicable, a very simple construction, as

diagrammatically indicated, I have found in practice to be quite suflicient. In this form the air is admitted from Athe atmosphere through the pipe ,1, passing over 'the surface of the water in the pan C, through the pipe 2, fuel bed B, and pipe In this way the oxygen of the air 1s converted into carbon monoxid, and such vapor as the air carries, into carbon monoxid and hydrogen, making a rather poor, but very cheap gas, capable of being burned under certain circumstances.

D indicates the scrubber, and I have employed for this purpose a simple casing iilled with 'coke over which water trickles. This is the ordinary form of scrubber.

At the upper part of the scrubber I tap a pipe connection 4, which is led to connections specially arranged and forming an irnportant feature of myinvention. The pipe 4 divides at the point 5 into two branches 6 and 7, the branch 6 leading to avalve 8, while the branch 7 leads into a 'rotary pump 9.

.account of insurance regulations. It is stant attention of an operator is required to 10 designates a delivery branch of i he pump which terminates in a connection 11 .to a diaphragm casing 12. The valve 8 is specially arranged to open and' close und er certain conditions'which will be later described.

The pump 9 must be of a character capable of maintaining a pressure of about eleven pounds absolute in the pipe 7, and must be capable of maintaining at least two pounds gage pressure in the pipe 10. This amounts to a pressure rise of about six pounds through the pump. It is evident that a centrifugal or fan blower is not adapted for this use, since such blowers are incapable of raising the pressure to this degree. A piston pump is also unsuitable because of the intermittent character of its delivery. While it is possible that varying forms of pump may be devised for satisfying the requirements, so far as I am aware, the only construction which will give the necessary six pounds raise, and at the same time deliver its output iii-abso ylutely steady flow, is the form diagrammatically shown, having an eccentric drum with blades slide-bly projected therefrom. Of

` course I do not claim anything novel in this construction of pump, but merely in its conibination in the system. As indicated in the drawing, the rotary element 13 has blades 14 radially iinpelled therefrom, and eccentricallyrotates within the casing 9 in the direcstgion of the arrow. Onaccount of the plu rality of blades, it is evident that the gaseous current is iinpelled through in an almost absolutely uniform stream at the same time that 'its pressure is raised about six pounds abso-` lute.

The output of the pump 9 is, of course, a constant volume, and means must be provided for compensating for the varying requirements of the burners, and the meltingv and annealing processes. This -I accomplish by the mechanism of the valve The casing 12 has a flexible diaphragm 15 thereon of any convenient diameter, preferably about eight inches, and the valve 8 is connected to this diaphragm so as to be opened and closed by the movements thereof.

16 designate weights, and in practice I.

8 which closes in case the pressiilre drops tlie least amount below a fixed value in the cham.- ber 12, and opens in case the pressure within the chamber 12 rises to any degree above such fixed value. Inasinuch as the chamber 12 is in constant communication with the connection l1 and the pipe 10, the pressures in the latter exactly correspond to those in the chamber 12. At the point 17 is located a branch connection from the pipe 10, and 18 denotes a valve within this branch connection.

In addition to the pump 9 above described I provide an additional pump 19 for which there are no particular requirements, and which may be of any description.. The pump 19 serves to compress air within a reservoir or tank 20 having a safety valve 21 set at about one and one-half pounds or there-A around into the forni of a complete circuiii.

ference or circle, and has delivery openings 26 taiigentially disposed therein` y These delivery -openings project within `a furnace cliaiiiber 27.

2S designates a melting pot within the fui'- nace chamber. The operation is as follows: The process may be commenced by building a fire B, and opening the ch'nnney valve X so as to create a draft and get the fire burning properly, or

the puiiip, S) may be started and create a forced draft for getting the initial eonibustion. Aftenaftiiiie an incandescent body of fuel B is obtained in the furnace A. after which the chimney valve X is closed. and the pump started, if this has not been already done, so that air is drawn through the inlet 1 of the generator A over the surface of the water in the pan through the fuel bed pipe 3. scrubber D. connections 4, 7, pump 9, and pipes 1U. and 17. is started into )roper operation, the valve 29 is closed and t ie producer gas immediately acquires a certain gage pressure in the pipe 10. This pressure is immediately transmitted to the diaphragm chamber 12, and as soon as it amounts-to a fixed value of about one and one-quarter pounds gage pressure, the force of the weights lo is overcomeand the valve S raised ofll of its seat. This immediately provides an outlet for the gases within pipe 10 which flow back to the suction side of the )ump 7.

lt is evident tlliat the valve 8 will operate to lpermit only so much of the gas withifi the pipo 10 to pass back into the suction side of the pump as is necessary to keep the pressure at the lixed value of about one and onequarter iounds. cape of ti e poisonous gases is allowed to take place to vitiate the atmosphere or form explosive or dangerous mixtures. It is nowl When the apparatusv At the same time no esessary to have two factors merely necessary to openthe valves 18 and 23, whereupon a large volume of the\pro ducer .gas at one and one-quarter .pounds `pressure, and air from the receiver-20 at about one and one-half pounds pressure Will become mixed in the ipe 25 and issue through the lvarious nozzes 26'into' the furnace chamber.

By virtue of the above arrangement a sufcient amount of the producer gas land airdifferent 'quantities used, as fluctuating pres sures change the quantities-of airiand gas delivered, and thereby the percentage of the mixture formed, so that the flame is liable to goout by reason ofsuch improper percentages. While IZ do not regard the utilization ot producer gas tor melting and annealing, broadly stated, as constituting my invention, lI believe that it is novel With me to prolvide a system by which producer as can be delivered in any quantity at abso utely un varying pressure Without the use lof a gasometer.

It will be further observed that my system is absolutely automaticand self contained,

and does not necessitate any source of steam i supply or compressed air for feeding the generator, as is 'commonwith gas producers of vthe ordinary illuminating gas type.

ting chamber to developa The system is accordingly s ecially app icable'to the use of private instalv ations Where skilled serv'- Iices are not available for its management,

and insurance conditions rohjbit gas reservoirs, asometers, and suc devices..

- Whi e l. have'shown the invention as applied to a form of burner for melting and annealing, I desire to include other burners which may be usedcoincidentally with or sepvittely Jfrom the annealing furnace.

f atIclaim,is:'-

The process for generating and delivering as to a point ofconsumption under a uniormfpressure which consists 1n creating' a4 parti vacuum on the inlet side of a pressure pump, connecting such inlet With a fuel chamber whereby airis sucked throughthe fuel' chamber,- the air h'avin'g previously assed across the surface oftwarm water the P gas being delivered from thepressure pum against a weighted valve so that the valve is notl operated unlessa certain redetermined pressure at the outlet side of t e um -is exceeded, the stream of gas being tlien in case such pressure is exceeded,y by the ivided operation of said valve so that part of the stream passes *to/ the point of. consumption under a fixed pressure, While the remainder returns to the inlet side offthe pump, and finally addinr air to the gaseous str eam at a point be 0nd said valve and at a pressure greater t an the pressure of said gasat the outlet side of the 'pum In witness Whereoffl subscribe my signature, in thepresence of tivo Witnesses.

`WrLLIAM c. Fuer-f Witnesses:

FRANCIS OBER,

ALFRED W, PRooToR;

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