US872952A

US872952A - Variable-speed and reversing gear.

Info

Publication number: US872952A
Application number: US236950A
Authority: US
Inventors: Franz Markgraf
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-02-11
Filing date: 1904-12-15
Publication date: 1907-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 1924-12-03

Description

PATENTBD DB0. 3, 1907 F. MARKGRAP. VARIABLE SPEED AND REVERSING GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.15,1904.

4 SHEETSSHEET l.

PATENTED DEC. 3,- 1907.

' F. MARKGRAF.

VARIABLE SPEED AND REVERSING GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED 11110.15, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 No 872,952. rATENTED DISC. 3, 1907.

F. MARKGRAF. VARIABLE SPEED AND RBVERSING GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED 1030.15, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907.

F. MARKGRAP. VARIABLE SPEED AND-REVERSING GEAR.

illi/III) rgi n 4 SHEETS-SHEI1T 4.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.15,1904.

iQE.

FRANZ MARKGRAF, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

VARIABLE-SPEED ANDlBEVERSING GEAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1907.

'Original application filed February 11I i903. Serial No. 142.974. Divided and this application filed December 15. 1904.

Serial No. 236.950:

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ MARKGRAF, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented 5 certain new and useful Improvements in Variable Speed and Reversing Gears, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled use the same.

This invention relates to variable speed Inechanism.

The invention comprises certain features .divided from my co-periding case, Serial N 0. 142,974, filed February 11, 1903, in accordance with the Qfiice requirement.

One of the objects thereof is to provide a compact and eflicient mechanism of the above type whereby the speed of a driven member may be changed without substantial shock or injury to the parts.

Another object is to provide a device of the above type having no delicate parts to jam or otherwise become inoperative.

Another object is to provide mechanism of the above typoin which the speed of a driven.

part may be varied and the direction of rotation thereof changed by the manipulation of a single lever.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts excmplified in the mechanism herein described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims at the end of this description.

in the accompanying drawings, in which are illustrated two of various possible cmbodimcnts of my invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the same. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken from the opposite side, certain parts being removed. Fig, 3 is a vortical cross section ..takon on the line 3-43 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on the line 44 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a slightly different embodiment, certain parts being broken away. Fig. 6 is a similar view of the actuating mechanism for the same. Fig. 7 is an enlarged longitudinal cross section of certain parts taken on the line 77 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a cross section taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

in the art to which it appertains to make and Fig. 9 is a detailed sectional view showing the method of connectmg certain levers in this embodiment.

Snnilar'relerence characters denote similar parts throughout the several views.'

In order to render clearer the general nature of my invention, it may here be noted that there is an imperative demand for a reliable speed change gear for use in several arts, notably that of motor vehicle construction. The attempt to fill this demand by means of a frictional gear has been proved useless owing to the lack of ositivc action of the same and wear upon t e parts thereof, the latter necessitating the constant renewal and replacing of certain parts of the gear. If it be attempted to use a positive speed change gear of the conventional type there is constant danger of the stripping of the teeth, which results in the ruin of an expensive part, and there is also an undesirable jar and strain upon the mechanism upon the power bein applied or the speed varied. This shoc best reduced by having one gear -on stantly in engagementand thus there is no chance for a falling off in speed due to a total disconnection from the driving member in the interval between the throwing out of one gear and the throwing in of another. it is also highly desirable that the gear thrown in be entirely loose until it is fully in engagement with the co-acting gear, as in this mam nor the chances of injury to the teeth thereof are materially reduced. Another feature of prime importance in cmistructions of this nature is the compactness of the gear, inasmuch as the space assigned thereto is often necessarily limited. The mechanism, moreover, must be simple and durable, as the won-rand tear upon the parts inherent in the use of constructions of this type is often severe.

The above and other advantages are at tainod in constructions of the nature of that hereinafter described- Referring now to the drawings, there is shown at I in Fig. 2 a shaft which is here shown as the driving member, although with certain slight changes in the parts it may be made the driven shaft if desired. Upon shaft 1 are keyed or otherwise fixed a series of gears 23, 3, 4i, 5 and. 6 which are of varying diameters, as shown. Likewise mounted in the casing 7 in which is j ournaled shaft 1 is a shaft 8 having loosely mounted thereon plum rality of spur gears 9, 10, ll'and 12 each of rigid lugs 15 which is adapted to intermesh with the adjacent gear upon shaft 1. Upon the gears mounted upon shaft 8 are outwardly projecting lugs or clutch members 13, each havmg one of their corners beveled, as shown at 14. These lugs are adapted -to engage with having beveled faces 16 projecting outwardly from the shaft, or preferably from a sleeve 17 keyed thereon. The gears upon shaft 8 are adapted, upon being thrown to the left, with reference to Fi 2 of the drawings, to mesh with the co.-act1ng driving If, however, this shaft is already driven at a rate of rotation higher than that of the gear which is thrown in, the shaft turns with ref- 'tation of the driven that the same be as force the gear last throw right and thus 'erence to the latter and the beveled faces 14 and 16 co-acting one with another merely n in slightly to the ermit a free relative rotation of the same wit respect to the sleeve 17. It

is therefore essentlal for this action that means he provided for the throwing of the gears into and out of engagement, and. that such-means be elastic so as to permit the slightest requisite lateral movement of the gear in order to meet the contingency above pointed out. I

Gear 6 is used for the purpose of a reversal of the direction of rotation of shaft 8 and, as

' will be noted from the drawings, is used only when-the parts are being driven at a low speed. This is for the largely obvious reason t at upon the reversal of the direction of ropart it is highly desirable nearly st tlonary as pos sible in order to reduce the shock necessarily attendant thereon. The specific details of the reversing mechanism are not herein shown, and it is thought that it will be sulficient merely to indicate the action thereof. Upon gear 12 being moved to the right, with reference to Fig. 2, it contacts. and throws over a spring-pressed member 18 upon a lever 19 and thus there is a suitably propor:

-tioned idlegear thrown'into mesh with the

gears

6 and 12 thus reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft 8. The specific details .ofthis reversing mechanism are set forth in my co-pending case above referred 4 to in which the same is claimed.

J ournaled within case 7 are a series of rock shafts 20, 21, 22 and 23 each of which is provided with apair of rigid arms 24 enga ing the spur .gear upon opposite sides of w ch they are positioned by means of flanged members 25 pivotally connected to the ends positioned about this the op osite direction. I noted t thereof. It will thus be seen that upon a swinging movement being ilnparted to these rock shafts the gear with which they are respectively connected will be reciprocated along the sleeve 17. These rock shafts are selectively moved as follows:

Rock shaft 20 terminates in an arm 26 pro vided with a perforated lug 27, as-shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing. Pivotally mounted upon casing 7 is an arm 28 having upon the end thereof a pin 29 adapted to enter a cam slot 30 in a cam disk 31. Arm 28 is 'connected to arm 26 by means of a rod 32 pivotally mounted upon the former and slidably and pivotally mounted by means of lug 27 upon arm 26. Springs 33 and 34 are interposed respectively between arms-26 and 28. and arm 26 and a knob 35 uponrod 32 for all purpose hereinafter explained. Cam disk 31 is positioned upon a'shaft 36and is provided with a cam slot 37 'upon its opposite face,

controlling by means of arojecting pin 38 the movement of a pivota ly mounted arm 39. Upon the outer end of rock shaft 21 1s rigidly fixed an arm 40 which is connected with arm 39 by means of a rod 41 fixed uponv one of the same and slidable with reference to the other thereof.

relative movement of lever arms 39 and 40 in onedirectioh, but to prohibit the same in It may here be at arm 26 corresponds to the driven gear 12 and hence two springs, 33 and 34, are used'to cushion the movement in both directions, as this gear, owing to its relation to the reversing mechanism must have a certain freedom of movement with ref erence'to the sleeve 17in either direction.

' Levers 43 and 44 are respectively mounted upon rock shafts 22 and 23 and are adapted to co-act with levers 45 and 46 on aging cam slots. 47 and 48 upon the opposite aces of the cam disk 49 also fixed upon shaft'36. The latter levers are respectively provided with a connection with levers 43 and 44 which is substantially identical with that described between the lever arms 39 and 410'. It will A spiral spring 42 is rod so as to permit a e thus be seen that by means of properly formed cam slots any single one of the several levers26, 40, 43 and 44 may be moved to a position corresponding to an engagement of the gear with which it is associated, and this movement is so cushioned. by means of the spiral springs, as above pointed out,; as to permit a lateral movement of the gear in question with reference to the cam lever which actuates the same.

It will also be seen that the lever arm 26 may be rocked in either direction, thus permitting the same to drawings, slot 47, for example, in Fig. l, be-

position are roughly indicated in the cause either a low speed forward drive or a reversal of the rotation of the driven part.

- gear and thus produce the 65 be noted that until era-e52 ing provided with a circular portion 50 adapted to maintain the lever 45 in a position corresponding to an inoperative condition of the gear 10 throughout a large portion of the rotation of cam 19.

a similar manner the several other gears may i be thrown into engagement with their respective driving gears, it being noted that the cam slots are so positioned as not to throw out one gear before the succeeding gear is fully in mesh, thus guaranteeing the continuity of the drive and largely reducing the shock upon changing the speed.

The twofold movement of lever arm 26 is brought about by means of the peculiar form of the cam slot 30. whereby upon the cam being brought into such position as to bring pin 29 within the 'portion 52 the lever 28 is rocked toward the right, with reference to Fig. 3, and upon the pin being brought within the extended portion 53 a. movement thereof to the left results. The portion 54 which is circular with reference to the shaft 36 corresponds to a normal inoperative position of the gear 12.

The desired rotary movement of the cams 31 and 49 which, as above noted, are fixed upon shaft 36, is brought about by means of a spur pinion 55 driven by a segment 56 of an annular rack. This rack is fixed upon a le- 35 ver 57 pivoted upon the casing of the gear and actuated in any desired manner, preferably by hand. A locking segment 58 is herein shown, the severalnotches 59 thereof co-acting with any desired form of ratchet or locking mechanism 60 upon the lever, and each notch corresponding with a certain speed of transmission or with the position of the gears in which areverse direction ofdrive is brought about. thus rotated by means of the swinging lever 57 so as to bring the desired gear upon shaft 8 into engagement with its co-acting driving desired speed of the driven part. 1 It may here be noted that the term selectively.. is used throughout the following claims to denote a mode of ac.- tion by virtue of which any desired gear may be thrown into operative condition.

The method of use of the above described embodiment of my invention is'as follows:

Assuming thc parts to be in the normal condition shown in Fig. 2 and that it is desired to throw in the lowermost speed, namely, that corresponding to an operative condition ears 5 and 12, the lever 57 is swung so as to ring the portion 52 of camslot 30 into engagement with the pin 2%), thus resulting in such movement of lever arm 26 as to throw gear'12 into engagement with gear 5. It will these gears are fully in The cams 31 and 49 are l l l l engagement, the driven gear merely rotates upon the sleeve 17 but upon clutch member 13 engaging clutch member 16 a movement is tIzIHSil'llt-tfldtQ the shaft 8. If it be de sired to increase the speed, lever 57 is simply thrown to the next succeeding notch, whcreupon cam 31 will be so rotated as first toniovc gear 11 and the clutch members uppn this gear into engagement with their coacting members upon the sleeve 17 and shaft 1, thus resulting'in the driving of shaft 8 at an increased rate of speed and the slipping of clutch members 16 with reference to those formed upon the gear 12, due to the movement of this gear permitted by the spiral spring 34. Thecomplete movement, however, to the notch 59 corresponding to an active position of gear 11 will result in the throwing out of the gear 12 due to the en gagement of the pin 29 with the portion 54 of its co-acting cam slot. In like manner the s eed may be increased or diminished to any d dsired degree, the cam slots being'so arranged as to cause the speed to be changed successively from one grade to that next higher or lower, according as the speed is increased or diminished. if it is desired to reas to bring the portion 53 of cam slot 30 into engagement with pin 29,. whereupon, as

above indicated, the gear 12 is moved to the right, with reference to Fig. 2, and the reversing mechanism brought into operative condition. From this mode of operation it will be noted that the number of gears, and, consequently, the number of different rates of speed possible in this device, may be indefinitely multiplied Without changing the principle thereof.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a compact. and eflicient speed change gear whereby the rate of rotation of the driving part may be changed throughout any desired range substantially Without shock or danger of injury to the mechanism thereof. It will also be seen that there are no delicate parts to jam or otherwise become inoperative, and

that the entire device is durable and easil kept in repair, and, in short, is well adapted to stand the wear and tear of hard practical use. The entire change of speed and reverse of direction of drive, moreover, is controlled merely by the position of a single lever and thus the operation of the device is rendered extremely simple. It will also be noted that there is absolutely no danger of lockin gears, with a consequent stripping of the teeth, as, owing to the cushioning means interposed between the cam actuated lever arms and the gear shifting arms, it would be practicable to maintain all of the gears at once in. mesh with the co-acting driving gears without injury to the parts.

Another marked advantage of this conthe struction is that owing to the form of the cam slots, none of the gears are thrown. out until the succeeding gear is thrown in, thus absolutely avoiding any interval wherein the driving power is entirely disconnected. It will also be noted that the mechanism is inexpensive and easily repaired, the parts thereof being accessible merely upon the removal of a portion of the outer casing.

In Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive is shown a similar mechanism in which means for obtaining two speeds only are provided. In this embodiment the driven shaft 61 has mounted thereon a sleeve or series of sleeves 62 which are held in position by means of a key or feather 63. Clutch members 64 are formed upon this sleeve and are adapted to co-act with clutch members 65 formed upon the gears 66 and 67. The shifting of the gears is accomplished by means similar to that set forth with reference to the reviously described embodiment, the same eing actuated by means of cam slots 68 and 69 cut in a cam 70. Within. these cam slots are pins 71 and 7 Zrespectively positioned upon a lever 73 and a double-armed. lever 74. These levers are loosely mounted upon the ends of the corres ending rock shafts 7 5 and 76, as shown, in t e case of lever 7 3, in Fig. 9. Connectedwith lever 73 by means of a 'rod and s rin similar to the connection above described, is a lever 77 fixed .upon rock shaft 75 as by means of a setscrew'78. In a similar manner the lever arm 79 is con nected with the double-armed lever 74, the

movement thereof being cushioned in both directions by ineans of springs 80 and 81 so as to permit-a cushioned movement thereof either to the left or right for the purpose of throwing in either the low speed forward drive or the reversing gear as outlined in connection with the first described embodiment.

widely different embodiments of my invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, I intend that all matter contained in'the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be inter preted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. I desire lllfLlSO to be understood that the lemma e used n the followim claims 18 intended to covei all of the generic and specilic features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let? ters Patent is erases tioned gears, means adapted. positively 'to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears and to throw some of the gears out of mesh without breakingconnection between all the gears, a lever controlling said means, and cushioning means inter osed between said throwing means and said ever.

2. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a shaft and plurality of gears slidably mounted. thereon a-plurality of gears slidably mounted therei on and adapted to mesh with said first menand adapted to mesh with said. first mentioned gears, means adapted to throw. one of said second mentioned gears into meshwitlfs' one of said first mentioned gears and. to move some of the gears out of mesh without breaking connection between all the gears, a lever controlling said means, and cushioning means interposed between said throwing means and said lever.

3. In a variable speed mechanism, incombination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of var ing diameters fixed thereon, a second she k, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh With said first mentioned gears, means adapted positively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned shaft adapted to be engaged by co-acting clutch mechanism upon said sec ond mentioned gears, a lever controlling the means whereby said second mentioned gears are thrown into engagement with. said first mentioned gears and cushioning means in terposed hetween said. lever and said. throwing means. I

4. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a pluralityof gears of varying diameters fi'xed'thercon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears, means adapted selectively to throw said second. mentioned gears into mesh with said firstjmentioned gears and rigid clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned shaft adapted to be en gaged by co-acting clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned gears.

In a varial'ile speed. mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon. and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears, means adapted positively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said. first mentioned gears and rigid clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned. shalit adapted to be en.

gears, projectin lugs in fixed relation to said second mentioned shaft, a lug upon each of said second mentioned gears adapted to engage one of said first mentioned lugs upon the gear being thrown into operative position, a lever adapted to actuate said throwing means andresilientmeansadapted to permitalateral movement of said gear with'said lever in fixed position.

7. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, ashaft, a plurality oi gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears, means adapted positively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, project ing lugs in fixed relation to said sew md month nedsha'lt, a luguponeachofsaid second mentioned gears adapted to engage one of said first mentioned lugs upon the gear being thrown into operative position, a lever adapted to actuate said throwing means and resilient means adapted to permit a lateral movement of said gear with said lever in fixed position, each of said lugs upon said gears being provided with an inclined face adapted to co-act with a similar inclined face upon the corrrsponding lug upon said shaft.

8. in a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears, means adapted positively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned shaft, (to-acting clutch mechani m upon each of said second mentioned gears adapted to engage said clutch mechanism upon said shaft upon the corresponding gear being .thrown into operative position, an arm controlling said throwing means, an arm pivotally mounted adjacent said first arm, a connection between said arms adapted to permit relative n'iovement thereof in a certain direction and a spring adapted to cushion such movement.

2?. In a variable speed mechanism, in combin'ation, a shaft and plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft,

.a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears, means adapted selectively to throw said secondmentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears and to move some of the gears out of mesh without breaking connection between all the gears, said means comprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioned lever arms, and resilient means interposed between each of said first mentioned arm and the corresponding second mentioned arm,

t l O. Ina variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of vary- 7 ing diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted'thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm eorresponding to each gear, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioned lever arms, resilient means interposed between each of said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arm'and a plurality of cams controlling the position of said second mentioned lever arms.

11. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a lurality of gears of varying diameters fixed shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned'gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm associated with each of said second mentioned gears, a lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioned lever arms,

sponding second mentioned arm and a plurality of 'co-axlal cams controlling the position of said second mentioned lever arms.

12. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably thereon; a second mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means con'iprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first-mentioned lever arms; resilient mc'ans interposed between each of said firstmcntioned arms and the corresponding second men- .tioned arm, a plurality of co-axial cams lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentionedarms, resilient means interposed between each of said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arms, a plurality of co-axial disk cams positively controlling the position of said second mentioned lever arms, a spur gear upon the axis of said cams, a lever and a segment of an annular rack upon said lever intermeshing with said'spur gear 14. In a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a lurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with varying diameters fixe mentioned arms and a said first mentioned gears and means adapted selectively to throw said second ,mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprisin a lever arnr corresponding to-each of said second mentioned gears, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioned "arms, a rod pivotally connected with each of said second mentioned arms and slidably connected with each of said first vmentioned arms, a spiral spring about each of said rods interposed between said arms, a plurality of cams controlling the position of said second 7 lever controlling the positions of said cams.

1 5. In 'a variable speed mechanism, in combination, a shaft, a lurality of gears of d thereon, a second shaft, a lurality of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh with said first mentioned gears and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear and controlling the position thereof, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioded arms, a resilient connection between one of said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arm adapted to cushion their relative movement in one direction, a resilient connection between one of said first mentioned arms and one'of said SGCOllddllGIltlOIlCd arms ada ted to cushion their relative movement in 0th directions, means controlling the positions of said secmounte thereon and adapted to mesh with 0nd mentioned lever arms and a lever con,

combination, a shaft, a plurality of gears of varying diameters fixed thereon, a second shaft, a plurality of gears loosely and slidablthereon and adapted to mesh wit said first mentioned gears, clutch mechanism upon said second mentioned shaft, co-acting clutch members upon each of said second mentioned gears adapted to engage the clutch mechanism upon said shaft upon the gear being thrown lnto operative position and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with saidfirst mentioned gears, said means comprising alever arm corresponding to each gear, a second lever arm corresponding to eachof said first mentioned lever arms, resilient means interposed between each of said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arm and means controlling the positions of said second mentioned arms.

17. In a variable speed mechanism, in

combination, a shaft, a dplurality of gears of varying diametersfixe thereon, a second shaft, a plurahty of gears loosely and slidably mounted thereon and adapted to mesh I said first mentioned gears, clutch members u on said second mentioned shaft, co-actin cl iitch members upon said second mentioned gears adapted to engage said clutch members upon sai gear being thrown into operative position second mentioned shaft uponthe. j

and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into'mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear and controlling the position thereof, a second lever arm corresponding to each of said first mentioned arms, resilient means interposed between each of said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arm, means adapted positively to control the positions of said second mentioned arms and a single lever controlling said last mentioned means.

- 18. In a variable speed mechanism, in

combination, a shaft, a luralityof gears of varying diameters fixe thereon, a second shaft, a lurality of gears loosely and slidabl mounted thereon and adapted to mesh wit said first mentioned gears, clutch members upon said shaft, co-acting clutch members upon each of said second mentioned gears and adapted to engage said clutch members upon said shaft upon the gear, being thrown into operative 1 osition, each "pair of said .clutchimembers eing provided with inclined faces adapted to co-act' one with another and means adapted selectively to throw said second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear, a

second lever corresponding to each of said first mentioned lever arms and resilient upon said shaft, 'co-acti clutch members upon each ofsaid secon mentioned gears and -adapted to engage said clutch members upon sald shaft upon the gear being thrown into operative osition, each pair of said 5 clutch members eing provided with inclined faces adapted to co-actone with another and means adapted selectively to throw sai second mentioned gears into mesh with said first mentioned gears, said means comprising a lever arm corresponding to each gear, a second lever arm corresponding to each of thereon, a second thereon and adapted to mesh wit said first mentioned gears, clutch members said first mentioned lever arms resilieiit means interposed between each 0 said first mentioned arms and the corresponding second mentioned arm, a pluralit of cams controlling the positions of sai second mentioned arms and a lever controlling the posi- I tions of said cams.

20. In a variable s eed mechanism, in combination, a series oi driving gears and a series of driven gears adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with each other,

a series of arms for movingsa id driven gears, a cam disk for moving sa1d arms, a controlling lever. for rotating the disk, a locking do on said lever, and "an operating rod for sai dognoperated by direct downward pressures.-

te'stimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

- FRANZ MARKGRAF. Witnesses:

H. M. SEAMANS, T. R. RICHARDS.