US872418A - Rock-drilling machine or engine. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 872,418. PATENTED DEG. 3, 1907. H. HELLMAN & L. C. BAYLES.

ROK DRILLING MACHINE 0R ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY Iz. 1905.

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.w im.. ik... 4., n v. h 1 l l ltive `transverse section on line y- -2 Fig.l 2.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

HENRY HELLMAN AND LEWIS ONDICT BAYLES, JOHANNESBURG, TRANSVAAL Rock-DRILLING MACHINE on ENGINE.

i .Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented nene. 3, 19o?.

Application filed Juiy l2. 1905. Serial No. 269.408.

`ing bit either by means of water or other liquid under pressure, or alternatively by means of the actuating gaseous fluid; secondly to4 means whereby the power utilized for feed-V ing the drill may be varied; and our-inventionA consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the several operaarts of the machine as hereinafter more particularly described and defined in the claims'hereunto ap ended. i

A machine or engine constructed in accordance with our present invention operates automatically to feed the drill and to impart to' the drilling or boring bit the intermittent ro- -tary motion; the machine is of sim le, elfic-ient and compact construction. nce the machine has been brought into operation it continues to operate until it reaches the limit of its feed or movement in a forward direction when it is necessary to retract the machine andremve the .drilling orboring .bit and substitute it by a longer one, when the machine can'again be put into operation.

A machine embodying in its construction 4the several features of'this invention is de'- picted in the annexed drawing, forming part of this specification, and we will now proceed to a detailed description thereof by aid of said drawing. A

Figure 1 represents the machine in longitudinal or side elevation. Fig. 2 represents it in longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line :1c- Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line y-/J Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on line z-zFig. 2. Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line :r9-:1:1

Fig. 2. Fig.,7 is Ia transverse section on line 'y1-gf Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on line 21e-21 Fig. 2.' Fig. 9 is a transverse section on line :zz-y Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is' a Fig.` 1,1 a transverse section on line w-z Fig. 2.

.In the drawmgthe reference figure 1 re resents the main or power cylinder, in the ollow center or bore of which is located the iston or percussive reciprocating mem er.

This cylinder at its forward end is increased in diameter.

Atthe forward end the main cylinder 1 is constructed with an inlet 2 which is shown formed with aninternal screw thread into which is screwelf'the throttle valve or other connection with -the hose or other preferably flexible ipe conducting the actuating gaseous flui to the-'machine lThis'inlet 2 communicates on the one side with a main sup ly port' 3, and on the other side withanother port 4, hereinafter referred to, running longitudinally of -the cylinder 1 in a rearward direction.

In the rear end of the main cylinder 1 is screwed a ca or cover 5 which closes this end of the cylin er 1. This cover 5 on the'inside is constructed with a cylindrical projection 6A which is formed with an external screw thread and screws into the internally threaded rear end of the bore of the cylinder 1. Round the end of the threaded portion of the cylindrical projection 6 is formed an annular groove 7 with which the port 4 communicates-see Fig. 2.

The cap or cover 5 is constructed with 'a rearward extension 8 of square or any suitable polygonal transverse section externally, the extension 8- is inclosed by a c linder 9 which constitutes the feedcylin er. The extension 8 at its rear end is constructed with ahead or cylindrical enlargement 10 which forms a piston in thel bore of the feed cylinder 9. '()n the rear end of the piston 10 is arranged a cup leather 11 which isretained in position thereon by means of a retaining bolt or plug 12 screwed into a hole in the rear end of the piston 10. The cup leather 1 1 serves for making a fluid tight sliding 'oint between the end of the piston 10 an the bore of the feed cylinder 9. When the bolt or plug- 12 is screwed home in the rear end' of the iston 10 a space 13 is le'ft atthe bottom of t e hole.

a central hole -14 communicating at the one end with the space 1,3 and at the other end opening into the interior of the feed cylinder 9 at the rear of the cup leather 1 1.l .The rear end of the feed cylinder 9 is closed by'means of the back screw plug 15. l y l Encircling the feed cylinder 9 is an adjust'- a'blc supporting sleeve or band'l shown conf Through the bolt 12 is formed "ilo structed .with a conical projection -17 by in theA cap w hole and the annular enlargement 24 is lomeans of which it may be fixed in a column clamp or any other suitable sup ort.. The. sleeve 16 which is split, is formed) with lugs 18 through which is p assed a bolt 19 which serves for tightening the sleeve 16 round the l feed cylinder 9.

At the forward end of the feed cylinder 9, through which works the extension 8 of square or other polygonal transverse section, is fitted a cup leather 2O and gland or other suitable preferably metal ring v21, which are shaped internallyto correspond to the exterv nal shape of the extension 8, the cup leather 20 and gland 21 forming'a fluid tight sliding joint with said extension 8. In the gland Aca 22 is formed a hole in'which is arranged a olt or catch 23 constructed with a piston or annular enlargement 24 fitting said hole 22. Between the bottom of the cated a spiral spring 25 which tends to'keep the inner end of the bolt or catch 23 pressedV against the surfaceof the extension-8.

the forward end of the extension 8 is formed a hole or recess 26 Awhich when the extensionretain the extension 8 inside the feed cylinder- .9. This device is provided to facilitate the changing of thedrills or bits, more particularly when drilling `downwardly inclined holes, the bolt 23 then serving to hold the drill while the changing of thebit-is effected v and preventing the extension '8 sliding for-YY ward in the feed cylinder 9 by gravity during -this o eration. It also-enables the extension 8 to e secured inside the feed cylinder 9 when transporting` the machine or at any other time as may be desired.

In the power cylinder cover 5 is' formed a screw threaded hole 27 and' communicating vwith said hole 27 is a port 28 which ort 28 communicates with another port 29 ormed longitudinally of the extension 8 and com* municates at its rear end kwith the space 13 in the iston 10 and through the port 14 in the bo t 12 with the rear of said'piston 10.

Into the screw threaded hole 27 1s screwed a valve 30 to which is xed by means of the clamp 31 a hose or other suitable preferably flexible pipe 32'which serves for conducting water under pressure to the valve 30. The

in the position in which it is laced to open I the feed cylinder y9 at the-bac of the-piston 10 to-exhaust or to draw off the Water or other liquidtherefrom through the port 34.

-By rotating the -valve 30 quarter of a revolution the exhaust port 34 isclosed and the lmain liquid supply port `33 is'placed in cOmmunication'wit the feed cyl1nder'9 at the rear ofthe piston 10. In the cylinder cover 5 and communicating on the one side with the liquid-supply port 28 is another port 35. -This latter port 35 communicates with an annular groove or recess 36 formed in the rear end ofthe main cylinder 1 or 'between the V,cylinder 1` and cover 5. In the cylinder cover 5 is lformed another hole 37 which forms a continuation ofthe port 28. Thev 6 is formed a port 42whic'h places the `annularrecess 7 round said extension 6 in communication with the hole 37 in the cylinder -cover 5 above the piston 40.' As' previously explained the. actuatingy fluid which is admitted'at theinlet 2 is free topass along port 4to the annular recess 7 and said recess 7 through port 42 being in communication with the hole-37, the actuating fluid is free to enter said hole 37 but the piston 40 (in the position in which it is sho'wn'in Fig. 2) prevents the actuating -uidpassingbeyond -it or entering the ports 28, 29 .by which the water or liquid enters the feed cylinder 9,

It is lshown in this posif iovov when water or liquid is being utilized for the purpose ofl feeding the drill. The Screw threaded hole 37 is made sufficiently-.long for the plug 38 to screw down sufficiently far to place the piston 40 in a recess formed by the ole 37 round the inner end of the port 28. v

It will be perceived that when the piston 40' is invthis. osition it closes the port 28 and shuts off t e water supply to the port 29 and 'at the same time permits the actuating fluid to enter said port 29 and assinto the feed cylinder9 attherearof't e1 piston l0. In

the cylinder cover eXtension'S and longitudinally'thereof is formed another port 41 which at its rear end communicates with the feed cylinder 9 in front ofthe piston 10. This port 41 at-its other end communicates with a screw threaded hole `44 in which is located a screw plug 45. In Fig. 2 the two longitudinalports 29- and y41 are in communication throughthe inner ortion of the screw threaded hole 44, and., t e outer end of the screw threaded hole 44 is closed by the screw plug 45; When in this positionthe liquid utilized for feeding the drill is ee to pass both to the rear and front of the piston 10; In this position the resultant force `with which the drill is fed forward will be repreon thediference ofthe areas at the two powercylinder 1 are formedtwo ot er ports* sides of the piston 10.. The Huid will be admitted toboth sides ofthe piston 10 when.

the machine is o erating in a downwardly inclined .hole lan when the feeding of the drill is assisted by the weight of those parts of the machine which move forward to feed the drill.` When the machine, is being used for drilling an upwardly inclined hole it will be understood that the wei ht of those parts which advance to feed the ill will be actin againstthe pressure ofthe liquid in the fee cylinder 9 and to provide for this or to compensate for the weight of said moving parts the plug 45 is screwed past the port 41 closing `1t to liquid. su ply-and opening it to eX- haust so that the iquid only enters the feed cylinder 9 atthe rear of the piston 10, when `e ull area of the piston 10'is utilized for feedin "the drill.

In` t ecylindrical extension 6 'of the cylinder cover- 5 is formed la central hole 46 whicho ens to the bore of the cylinder 1' and on it e rear en d f the piston or recipro- 4 eatin `percussive member 47 is formed a reciprocating member 47` and prevents it' `stri ingviolently on the cylinder cover 5.

AIn the enlarged forward end f the main or power cylinder 1 is located a valve 49 which serves for controlling the distribution o1 the actuatin fluid in the power cylinder 1 or,f or. alternate y admitting the actuating fluid to.

either side of the piston or reciprocating percussive memberl 47 and at t e same time placing the -opposite end in' communication w'ithlexhaust. As seen more particularly in Figs. 2 and 10 the valve 49 is of cylindrical shape `and is constructed with a projection onone side forming'v flat faces' 51, 52,

which are utilized for reversing the valve 49 said projection 50 working in a curved recess 53 formed the front end of the cylinder 1. The cylinder. 1 is, as previously stated, constlructed with a main sup ly port v3 in communication with the fluid' inlet 2. Three vvports'54fserve for placing the main supply `port 3 .under the control of the valve 49.' In

the cylinder 1 are formed two other ports '55,.'56, which are `also controlled by. the

valve, the'one port 55, leading to the for. ward end ofthe cylinder 1 or front of the 'piston-47 and the other one 56 leading tothe .ilf end of the cylinder 1 or back of the pisv-to`1 r.f47,each alternately serving as supply -exhaust ports. v- Longitudinall of the 57,` 5,8, which place the recess 53 atopposite sides of the valveprojection 50 in communication with the interior of the 'cylinder 1. In the enlarged front portion ofthe cylinder 1 are formed two transverse ports 59, 60, which, serve as exhaust orts for opposite ends of the cylinder 1. n the valve 49 are formed two peripheral 'grooves `or recesses 61, 62, so positioned that they alternately place the ports 55, 56, in communication with the main supply port 3 and also alternately place 'saidports 55, 56 in communication with the exhaust ports 60, 59. In Fig. 10 the valve 49 is shown in such a position that Vthe port 56 which leads to the rear end of the cylinder 1, is,-by means of the peripheral recess 61, in communication wlth the exhaust port 59, while the port leading to the forward end of the cylinder 1 is by the peripheral recess 62 and ports 54. in;

communication with the main supply port 3 and elosedto exhaust. 'In this position the piston or reciprocating ercussive member 47 1s moving in a rearwar direction inside the c linder 1.. When the'lpiston 47 overruns t e -1port 58 it allows the actuating fluid at the ont of the piston. 47 vtopass 'along said port 58 and venter the recess 53, when, by acting on the surface .52 of the projection 50 of the valve- 49 it' reverses the .valve and' port'57, which it does shortly before it impinges on the -inner end ofthe drill or bit 63, the actuating fluid flows from.v the back of the piston 47 along said` port 57 to lthe-recess 53 and acting on the surface 51- of the projection 50 of the valve reversesY the latteror returns it. to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 10, whereupon the 4rear end of the cylinder 1 is placed open to exhaust and the.

forward end placed in communication with the main supply port 3 ,as previously eX- plained. V

In the open center of the valve 49 and with its forward end fitting a recess'formed in the front' of. the c linder 1, is a cylindrical piece 64 constructe kround'its 'circumference with ratchet teeth 65.- In a recess 66 formed -inside the valve 49 is located a ratchetor pawl 67 which engages the ratchet teeth 65.

he ratchet 67 is maintained in gear withthe ratchet wheel or teeth -by means of a plunger 68 located in a hole 69 inside the recess 66, a spring 70'located in said hole 69 atth'e rear of the plunger 68 servin to keep it pressed forward'on thel back o the ratchet 67. The ratchet 67 and valve 49 are free to rotate in one direction round the ratchet wheel 64 but when the valve' 49 moves in the other direction itis compelled to carry with it said ratchet wheel 64 so that no motion of- '.the valve 49 in' one direction can take place without the ratchetv wheel 64 being rotated,

whichftransmits the intermittent rotary mo` tion to the-drilling bit or boring tool 63.

-. Over the enlarged forward end of the-cylinder 1 isscrewed'oraotherwise suitably secured the front cap 71- which serves to retain' the valve'49 andpawl 5671in position inthe cylinder 1. The [ratchet wheel' 64 is 'con- -structed with a hole ,720i square or polygowhich abuts the front end of the front cap 71 i nal transverse section a'nd' that -portion of the shank of the vor-bi-t 63 which iits therein is made of corresponding polygonal external section so that the drill or bit 63 is compelled to rotate with said ratchet wheel 64.

'The' drill steel v63 is constructed with an annular Venlargement 7 3 forming a shoulder and insures the shank of the drill or bit 63 entering the cylinder 41 the correct distance. The cutting 'extremity of the bit -63 may be made of any desired and, suitable shape. The rear end of the shank of the drill bit'63 is made'cylindrical and fits the reduced part 74 of the bore of the cylinder land projects for `some distance into the bore so that it re- "ceives directly on its inner .end lthe lmpacts of the reciprocating percussive member or piston 47 y `In the part 7 4 lof the bore of the cylinder 1 lis constructed an annular recess 75 surrounding the rear end of the shank of the drill v63.

-' Thisl recessA 75 by meansv of a longitudinal port 76 is placed in communication with the recess 36in the rear end of the c linder 1 or between the. cylinder 1 and t e cylinder cover 5'. YThis recess 36, as previouslyv eX-.

' plained, is placed in communication with the water supply by the port 35 so that the water may pass from'said annular recess .36 along communicating with a central recess 78 bev the'longitudinal port 76 to the annular recess 75 surrounding the shank of the drill 63. A hole 77 is for-med longitudinally of the drill steelcommunicating at the one end with the front end of the powercylinder 1 and at the other'end terminating vat or in proximity to the cutting end ,of the drill A63. It is shown tween the radial cutting edges 79.' ln the steel' 63 one or more ports 80 `are formed which place the annular recess 75 in commu-j nication with the longitudinal hole 77 in the steel 63. These ports 80 are preferably inclined in atorward direction from the recess".

75, tothe hole 77. With this construction a quantity' of the actuating gaseous fluid passes from the cylinder 1 along the longitudinal hole 77 to thecutting end of the drill or bit 63. In itsA assage across the-inner ends of the angular y disposed ports 80 it draws in by suction a. quantity of water and carries it along the longitudinal hole 77 to the cutting l @mais end of the drill or bit, the water serving to revent the formation of dust and in con- ]unction with the actuating gaseous fluid servin to eject the cuttings from the'bottom of the ole' being drilled.

. Ports 81 are formed through the front cap 71 coinciding with vthe exhaust ports 59,60

Vthrough which the exhaust from the power cylinder 1 may pass, to the atmosphere.

. Theoperation ofthe machinemay'be de-v scribed as follows zj-The feed cylinder 9 having been secured to a colunm .clamp or any other suitable support by means of the sleeve 16 and cone 17, the main-cylinder 1 is moved in a rearward direction until the piston 10 on the'extension- 8 takes yupy a position fat thel rear end of the feedcylinder 9. v When the piston 10 is in this position in the feed cylinder 9 the spring bolt or catch 23 engages the recess 26 inthe forward end of the extension 8 and so retains the parts in these positions, or the machine may be-retraotedl in the casing 9 before being clamped to the column bar or other support. The drill or bit 63 is then loosely positioned in the front end of the power cylinder 1 with the portion of the shank which is of square or pol gonal tran'sverse section in the center o `the ratchetwheel 64 and with the inner end projecting into the bore of the cylinder 1. -The spring bolt or, catch'23 having been disengaged from the recess 26, the valve 30 is-now so po-y sitioned as to admit the .water or other liquid under pressure from the hose 32 through the valve 30 andports 33, 28,29 and 14to the back of the piston' 10. If. the hole to be bored is a downwardly inclined hole or the machine when operatingV is inclined in a downward direction, the plug y45 placed in the hole 44 in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, or so -that the port 41 is in l communication with theport 29 through said hole 44. This allows the liquid under pressure to enter the feed cylinder 9 at the front of the piston 10. This results in the machine being fed forward with apressure equal to that exerted by the liquid under pressure on the difference in the areas of the y front and back of the piston 10. If the hole to be' drilled is an upwardlyinclined hole causing the machine to have to be inclined in an upward direction, then the plug 45 is screwed down in the tapped hole 44 until it passes the port 41 and shuts ofi' the supply of the liquid to the front of the piston 10. Thel the actuating fluid to either end lof the power cylinder 1 impels the piston or reciprocating percussive member 47 on its outward and percussive and rearward and inoperative-` strokes. In its return stroke it is prevented striking violently on the cylinder cover 5 by the air f pressed in the recess 46, the cylindricalext'ension'48 acting as a plunger on the confined fluid. On its forward stroke it impinges on the extremity of the .shank of the drill or bit 63inside the cylinder 1 and the ldrill. or bit` being loosely positioned in saidcylinderl is thereby driven forward causing 'the cutting-end to strike the rock face. The

admission of the actuating gaseous fluid to the cylinder 1 at each reciprocation of the piston 47 permits the fluid to travel along the ports 57 and 58, which as hereinbefore fully described effects the reversal or imparts to the valve 49 its rotary motion in opl `posite directions and so controls the admissionof the actuating fluid to said cylinder 1.

The movement of the valve 49 in one direction as hereinbofore fully explained, imparts to thc-ratchet wheel 64 an intermittent rotary motion in one direction and the ratchet Wheel transmits said intermittent rotary motionto the bit through the part of the shank which is of polygonal section and fits the hole orlbore of said ratchet wheel 64. By this meansthe Vvalve 49 is dependent upon the rotation taking place, that listo say the valve 49 `is incapable of movement in one direction Without imparting the rotary motion to the ratchet wheel 64 and drill steel 63, while it is free to rotate independently thereof in the reverse direction. A quantity of the actuating gaseous fluid passes from the front end of the Imain cylinder 1 along the longitudinal hole 77 in the drill steel 63 and'as hereinbeforeil'described passes to the cutting extremity along with a quantity :of water which enters the longitudinal hole 7 7 in the drill steel 63 from the recess 75 by the port or.

y3Q` controlling -the liquid suppl?I e ports 80 in the shank of the bit 63.

Wheni the machine has reached the limit of its forward movement the actuating gaseousfluid supply is shut ofi and the valve is rotated quarter of a revolution to the ft so as to place the back of .tlie'piston 1() in the feedl spring bolt 23 by engaging the recess 26 at the front end of the extension 8 retains the parts in these positions. The drill or bit 63 is then removed and if it is desired to drill the hole deeper a longer drill orbit is then inserted in the machine and the above described' cycle of operations repeated.'

When it is desired for any reason to effect the feeding ofthe machine by means of the actuating gaseous fluid instead of by the liquid under pressure, then theI screw plug 38 is screwed down in the hole 37 until the piston 40 takes up -a -position in the recess round the top of the. ort 28, thereby closing the inner end of said port 28 to the water supply and opening the port 29 to the hole 37, port 42 and recess 7, which are in communication with the actuating fluid inlet 2 through the port 4. I The fluid then passes to the rearo the piston-10 and if the plug 45 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, also to the front of the piston 10 to eflect the feeding of the drill. By screwing down the plug 45 the port 41 is closed to the actuatin fluid and opened to exhaust, when the ful area' of the back of the piston 10 is utilized for feeding the drill. This was fully explained in connection with the liquid pressure feed. It will benoticed that when the piston 40 is `seated inthe recess round the inner end of the port 28Ato utilize the actuating fluid to feed the drill, it does not close the liquid supp y to the recess 36 so that the liquid l supplly to the drill or bit 63 continues.

T e mechanism for rotating4 the drill or bit, herein s'hWnLis not made theV subjectmatter of claims in this application, but conv stitutes the subject-matter of an application, Serial No. 321328, filed June 12,v 1906, as a division of this application.

What we claim as our invention and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a drilling or boring machine or engine a power cylinder containing percussive apparatus and provided with a rear extension, a feed-cylinder into which the rear ex.- tension is engaged, a piston carried by said extension, a port for sup lying air to the apparatus, a 1port for supp ying water under pressure to t e rear extension, and a 'valve for connecting either of said ports as desired to said extension.

2. In a drilling or bo'ring machine' or engine a power c 'lmder having two po'rts leading into a thir port common to both, and a valve comprising a screw and a piston, 40,

for connecting either'of the two ports with rear extension, a second port for supplying` water to the forward end of the power cyhnder, and a valve for cutting off the supply of water through the 'first named port and without stopping the supply through the second name port.

4. In feed mechanism of the class de :on by such motive fluid.

y 5. In feed mechanism of they class described', the combination. with a motor, of

means for feeding the same to its Work, said meanscomprisingA a cylinder and a piston ol erating therein, .a assage-way lengthwise oughsaid piston or conducting and admitting fluid under ressure to the cylinder at one side of the plston and means for admitting the fluid vunder pressure to the cylinder on the opposite side of the piston to vary the eective pressure area of the piston acted on by such motive fluid. f A

6r In a drilling or boring machine or engine, the combination with a main or power a drill or cylinder operatively` supportin bit and a motor for rotating said drill or bit, of means for feedingV said. drill or bit comprisingA a feed cylinder and a non-rotatiye piston operating therein, and means for conductin andv admitting fluid under pressure from t e main o1` power cylindersupply to the feed cylinder.

In witness whereof -we have hereunto set our hands in thepresence of two subscribingwitnesses.v V

. HENRY HELLMAN.

LEWIS CQNDICT BAYIQFJS. g

Witnesses:

CHAS. OVENDALE, I R. OVENDALE.

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