US865135A - Internal-combustion motor. - Google Patents

Description

No'. 865,135. PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907. v B. L. TOQUET. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JARS, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR w w|TNEsses TIDBNEYS No. 865,135. PATENTED SEPT. s, 1907.

, B. L. TOQUBTl INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FIIED JAN.6,` 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WITNESSES AIIQRNEYS chamber with the explosive mixture.

UNITED STATES yIa'n-iTEN'T IOEEICE.

.BENJAMIN LoUIsITooUET, lor wEsTPoRT, CONNECTICUT.

AIN'IERNAL-COHBUSTION HOTOR.

To all whorny 'it may concern:

Bo it known that I, BENJAMIN LoUrs Too/Uns?, a citizen of th'o United States of America, residing in Westport, in the county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut,

' engines ormotors more suitable for use in automobiles.

Most motors of this type utilize the crank case and piston as a pump with which to' supply the explosion On its up-stroke the piston creates a partial' `vacuumin the crank case. This vacuum draws the explosive mixture into the crank case through a check v alvoor throughs port so located as to prevent the'mixture from blowing back.'v

On its down-stroke the piston compressesthe mixture to some extent andzwhen .the by-pass opens, the mixture rushes up into the explosion chamber. If any traces of flame or'fire left over from the last explosion are present. in the explosion chamber when the mixture rushes in, the latter is instantly ignited, and the flame rushes down the by-pass and ,explodes the mixture in the crank case. This explosion is practically instantaneous and sometimes passes-up -againthrough the Icy-pass and explosionlchamber 'and out through the exhaust port, making a very objectionable noise.

Atother times it is caught in the crank case by the closing of the by-pass andexpends itself against the side walls and piston. In the latter case it is apt to do damage, especially to crankv shafts upon' which two or more cylinders are used. Attempts have been made to prevent such back firing by introducing into the bypass such a screen of `tine wire gauze as is used in miners safety lamps for a similar purpose. While this screen prevents back explosions it also prevents the free passage of .the explosive' mixture, particularly at high speed. The by-pass i's open for a' very short period ,at th'e end .of the stroke, and therefore there is but little 'time-for the mixture to pass. In al motor of ordinary design running at full speed,tl' ie total time of opening might not exceed l/54th of a second. This, together with the fact that the crank case pressure seldom exceeds" 10 pounds, means that evenif, the lay-pass is free the by-pass is obstructed by. a wire screen. e j

Specification of Letters Patent.-

Application filed January 6, 1906. Smil NO- 294,960.

Patented sept'. 3, 1907.

I so combine the screen with a valve that the explo.- sive mixture will have a clear and unobstructed passage to the motor cylinder when working on full speed, butthe mixture will be Icompelled to pass through the screen more or less when throttled.

In the 'accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is an exterior elevation oi a gas engine embodying my invention: Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2, Fig. 1 ;r Fig.

3 isan enlarged face view of the throttle valve seat in the bythe valve and cover plate having been removed; Fig. 4 is, a rear view ofthe valve; and Fig. 5 is a viront elevation, and Fig. 6 an end elevation of a modification.

`Referring` toFigs. 1 to 4, A is the working cylinder of a two-cycle .gas engine', B is the piston; and G is the crank case with crank shaft D and connecting rod E.

The by-pass, which forms the connection between the crank case and working chamber is shown at F,-while the exhafust port' is indicated at G. Within the by- Figs. 2 and 4, adaptodto a seat .l (Fig. 3) and capable otbeing operated lby a turning motion by means of a lever K. The valvehas an opening h, which extends,

aroundanrarc of'say about 180- and this opening is partly covered by gauze h1. The clear opening left in the disk valve is made about equal to the' size of the pass, I provide a throttle valveH in the form of a disk;

port j', Fig-.3, leading to the working cylinder. When this clear opening in the valve registers with 'the port j, Vas intended to be indicatedin Figs. -1 and 2, there is-a clear opening from 'the'crank .,case supply chamber to the-working cylinder. j When the valve is rotated in the direction o the arrows, Figs. 1 and 4, the passage at the port j will becovored by the 'gauze h. If the valve be turned 90 further, the throttle will be 'entirely closed. i

mil

To make the utility and value of my invention more u clear, lit maybe worth while to mention some of the causes of 'explosions in crank cases or other supply chambers. The`primary cause is of course the presence of fire 'in the explosion 'chamber 'when the by-pas's opens. This lire is left-over'rom the previous explosion, and its presence mayibe due to any of severalcauses. .Ii too little gasolene is admitted' at the carbureter the mixture will be thin and `burn slowly, thus causing crank case explosionsat comparatively slow speed. If the motorispermitted in such a case to run slowly. lf, however, 'the mixture isgood and themetor has a very small fraction of its normal load to carry,A

as can one'of `the four-cycle type: If it has its full `load it will never fire back to the crank case so .long as thev mixture is anywhere near right'. It may even be los ' it maybecontrolled by the throttle quiteas effectively case explosions will follow ii not stopped bythe gauze From the above it will be vseen that When the load is ott the screen is essential; when the load is light, enough gas will pass through a small portion'of screen. As the load becomes greater more of the screen will come into use and its ullarea will give considerable power. At this point the motor will be getting enough gas to insure good ignition and ii more power is needed, the throttle may be safely opened until the gauze swings out of the way and theiull clear opening is available for thepassage o the gas. l

-The operation oi the device will be clearly understood from the foregoing explanation. It should be understood, however, that While I prefer the construction hereinbefore described, I do vnot limit myself thereto, 'as the invention is suceptible of considerable modification By Way of example, I have shown in Figs. 5

and 6 one'modiied form, in which my invention may .beembodied 'In that modification, I have provided two by-passes F1 and F2, each provided with a valve I'Il (H2).v In one only oi the ley-passes I provide a screen, as at h2. Thus the explosive mixture may be allowed to pass through the clear ley-pass or through the v.

screened bly-pass, or partly through each or be lwholly cut ofi.

I claim 'as my invention 1. The combination in an internal combustion motor, of

a working cylinder', a chamber to supply the explosive mixture to the working cylinder, connecting.: means between the cylinder and the' chamber, and :i screen and vulve means whereby the explosive mixture is directed either wholly or partly through the screen or clear ot it,

2. The combination in a two-cycle linternal combustion motor, of a workingr cylinder', a crank case, connecting' means between the crank case and cylinder :1nd a screen andvvalve means whereby the explosive mixture is directed either Wholly or partly through the screen. y

The combination of the working chamber of n twocycle internal combustion motor with a. crank case and connecting hy-pass and a valve in the by-puss hziving'a clear passage and carrying a screen, whereby, ou movement of the` valve, the explosive mixture may be directed 4either through the screen or through the-cleur passage or through both for the purpose set forth.

4. 'lhe combination of the working chamber of a twocycle internal combustion motor with n crunk cose and connecting by-pass, und a valve in the by-puss having:l an opening' and a screen partly closing said opening, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination in an internal combustion motor, of n working cylinder, :i chamberto supply the explosive mixture to the working cylinder, connecting means hetween the cylinder'v and the chamber, and a screen und means whereby the explosive mixture is directed either wholly or partly through the screen or clear of-it.

G. The combination in an internal combustion motor, of a working cylinder', a chamber to supply the explosive` mixture to the Working cylinder, connecting means hetween the cylinder' and the chamber, und n movable screen whereby the explosive mixture is directed either wholly or partly through the screen or clear of it.

In testimony whereof I have signed myy name-to this speciticaition, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses WAL'rI-:u R. Bmci Hunnu'l lIowsoN..

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