US860528A - Method of apparatus for drawing sheet-glass. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUI; Y16, 1907.

v I. w. conapan. METHOD AND APPARATUS F0R5DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

ArrLIoA'rxon'nnnn 0012s. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1- I v l ANUENTDF-I A TDHNE Y5 AQVATNEEA 5 in; 350,528. PATENTED JULY 16, 1907,

I. w. IGOLBURN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED 001.223.1903. I

' 7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- "7M Q4. v TTDFI'NEYB I PATENTED JULY 16, 1907. I. W. GOLBURN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

IIIHIIIIIIHHHWm APPLICATION FILED 00T.2B.1D03.

'1 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ilHllHllllIlIllllll P G. I

INUENTUFI %M A 'TUH'NEYE -;No. 860,528. 1 PATENTED JULY 16, 1907.

' I. W. GOLBURN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GIL ASS.

APPLICATION FILED 00128 1'903.

- 7 BHEETB-BHEE-T 5.-

WITNESSES INL/ENTEIFr' UHNEYS No. 860,528. PATEN'IIED JULY 16', 1907.

I. W, GOLBURN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWINGSHEET GLASS.

APPLIOATION FILED OQT. 28, IQOS.

UNITED- STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

IRVING W. GOLBURN, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoRTo 'COLBURN MACHINE GLASS COMPANY, or FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SIIEET-GLASS,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 16, 1907.

Application filed October 28, 1903. Serial No. 178,913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRVING W. CoLBUR a. resident of Franklin, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Method and Apparatus for Drawing Sheet-Glass, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to the art of glass working, and more particularly to the art of drawing sheets of glass from a molten mass of plastic glass.

Many efforts have heretofore been made to draw sheet glass directly from a mass of molten or plastic glass, but sofar as I am informed none of these have been commercially successful. A great variety of difficulties have been encountered in the efforts referred One of the chiei of these is the tendency of the glass to draw into a long string or stick shortly after the operation of drawing has begun, with the result that the extent of sheet glass secured was so meager in character as to render the operation commercially impracticable. v x

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus which shall be capable of draw- I ing sheets of glass of given or determinate width from a mass of molten or plastic glass which shall be c0mmercially practicable, and which shall produce a superior quality of glass, the method being particularly applicableto 'sheet window glass.

With this object in view the invention consists in Y the method of drawing, from any suitable receptacle for molten glass, a flat sheet of glass which, simultaneously with the operation of drawing the same from the receptacle, is stretched in a lateral direction so as to maintain the sheet of uniform width and by the stretch- .ing or drawing action to impart to the same the flat as ness and smoothness of surface requisite in glass of "this character.

The inventionfurther consists in apparatus provided with means for presenting amass of molten glass to be uniform width and the stretching action necessary to impart afiat and smooth surface to the drawn sheetof drawnf combined with-means for drawing a flat sheet of glass therefrom, and means for simultaneously stretching, in a lateral direction, the sheet of glass as drawn, whereby the drawn sheet is maintained bf is, by the present invention, preferably maintained at a constant level in the receptacle for the molten glass, which level is, in the apparatus here shown, slightly above that of the overflow lip or margin of the glass-containing receptacle. Moreover, in order that the molten glass may be cooled to the proper consist ency before it is presented to the lateral stretching apparatus, cooling means are provided which are located at a determined distance above the overflow lip or margin of the receptacle. By maintaining the glass at an approximatelyconstant level, and by providing meansjfor heatingthe glass so that it shall issue from the overflow lip or margin of the receptacle at a temperature which experience proves to bethe most suitable for the particular character of glass under treatment, and by lowering this temperature by the use of cooling devices located at a suitable distance from the mouth of the receptacle and by then laterally stretching the sheet of glass after it has been cooled to the most ef' fective temperature, but while it is'still plastic, it has been found possible to continuously and progressively I manufacture a plate of glass of constant width, and whose length is determined. only by the extent or length of draw of the apparatus employed.

The inventive idea involved may receive various expressions, and the apparatus employed for practicing the method may be varied n many ways. The apparatus herein shown, however, is one which is capable of use 11 the practice of this method of glass-. drawing, and is to be regarded as illustrative of the form of apparatus suitable for thepurpose.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an ap paratus for drawing glass according to the method of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a central vertical section on the line 2-2 Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a sectional detail of the mouth of the receiving chamber or pot from which the molten glass isdrawn, with cover 88 in place; Fig. 4 is a broken vertical section on the line 4 -4, Fig. 1, some of Fig. 6 is an end elevation thereof, parts being broken away; Fig. 7 is a. sectional detail showing the melting or refining chamber, the receiving chamber or pot and the delivery chamber interposed between the refining and receiving chamber, with means for closing the communication between the melting and delivering chambers and for maintaining the glass in the receiving chamber or pot at a constant level, the-same in this figure, however, being shownwith the communications between the melting and refining chamber, the-delivery chamber and the receiving chamber open and unobstructed,

and'the glass being at a level below that at which it is the parts, however, being shown in elevation; Fig. 5 is a I l front elevation of a portion of the stretching apparatus cry and the' 'melting chambers closedand the glass in the receiving chamber or pot raised so that it overflows the margin or lip of the same, and a sheet of glass in the act oi being drawn therefrom; Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are sectional details showing modifications of the overflow margin or lip of the receiving chamber or pot and of the manner of' drawing a sheet of'glasstherefrom,- Fig. 16 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, of the delivery chamber showing the means foiclosing communication between the melting and delivery chambers andyfor maintaining the molten glass in the delivery and receiving chambers at the desired level for drawing the sheet of glass. Referring to the drawings, 1 isthemelting and refining chamber, 2 is the delivery chamber and 3 is a conduit connectingthe melting and refining chambers with the delivery chamber, said conduit being controlled by valve 4 which, in the present instance, is shown in the form of a vertical plunger made of some refractory ma terial, as tank block weighted, if necessary, to make it heavier than the molten glass displaced so that it will sink therein.

t 5 is the receiving chamber or pot which receives the molten glass from the delivery chamber 2'by way of conduit 6. This receiving chamber or pet 5 is provided, with a suitable opening through which the molten glass passes as a'sheet oi glass'is being drawn therefrom, in a manner hereinafter described. The receiving chamber or p0t'5 is provided ,with what is here designated as au overflow lip 9 which, in the present instance, is the margin or edge of the receiving chamber-5, which may be either of the same thickness as the wall. of the said receiving chamber, as; shown in Figs.1 2, 14 and-15, or it may consist of such wall extended so as to form a projecting lip or table, as shown in Figs. 2, 9, l0. and 1-1.

It has been found that the drawing of a sheet of glass from a mass of molten material is facilitated by having the said overflow lip or margin heated to a temperature somewhat in excess of that of the bodyof the mass of molten glass contained within the receiving chamber or pot. in order to provide for the heating of said lip in i the manner'desired, the overflow lip 9 is preferably so constructediabto form the top or roof oi the heating chamber 11", which chamber is connected by ofifltake flue 14, to the stack flue 8, through which the burnt gases pass. The chamber '11 is heated in any suitable manner, as by flames from gas jets 12'projecting into said chamber, which is providedwith a fire bridge wall 13. extending upwards near to -but not in contact with, the rooiof said chamber. This construction conducts the heated gases of combustion upward against the under side of the overflow lip 9, and then downwards and out of thestack through fines 14 and S. The con:

struction of the heating'apparatus for the overflow lip is shown in Figs. 2, 7 and 8. In order to keep the molten or plastic glass in the receiving chamber 5 at the proper temperature, there is provided a heating chamber 7 which surrounds the greater portion of the receiving chamber 5. The heating chamber 7 is connected at its lower portion with the fine 8' leading to the stack flue through which the burnt gases pass. The chamber Tis heated in any suitable manner, preferably by gas jets 10 rojecting into the said chamber at its upper portion, so a to direct the flames from the jets 10 against the top of the receiving chamber 5, which fiame's will be drawn scones around the receiving chamber 5 into the off-take fine 8, all as clearly shown in Figs. 2, 7 and 8.

The valve 4 for controllingthe'fiow of molten glass from the melting chamber 1 to the delivery chamber 2 may be operated in any suitable manner, and as here shown (reference being had particularly to Fig. 16), its

operation is accomplished by means of a lever 15, fulcrumed at- 17 upon the walls of the furnace, and connected by the pin 16 to the valve 4. The valve 4 may thus beelevated or depressed by the operation of the lever 15, the lever being held in its depressed position by the pin ,18, or in its elevated position by the pin 19,

as .will be readily understood by an inspection of Fig.

16. For the purpose of securing the constant level of the molten glass in the receiving chamber or pot 5, any suitable meansmay be employed, that here illustrated being in the form of a displacement block or piece 20 made of any suitable refractory material, as tank block,

which is preferably constructed of such mass as to displace the molten glass by its own weight, though the block may be weighted if desired. This displacement piece 20 is provided with means for raising and lowering it, here shown in the form oia cable 21 passing over a pulley 22, and around a drum 23, which drum is mounted 'm'bearings formed in a bracket 24 and operated by a crank 25. 7 It will be readily understood thatby operating the crank 25 the block may be permittedto descend into the n'ia'ssof molten glass or be raised therefrom, depending upon the direction in which the crank is turned When the block is withdrawn a predetermined distance from the mass of the molten glass in the delivery chamber 2, the level of the glass in said chamher 2 and the receiving chamber or pot 5 can be maintained below the margin or overflow lip 9 of the delivery opening of said chamberor pot, as is shown in Fig. 7 but by permitting the displacement piece 20 to descend into the mass of the glass, as shown in Fig. 8 (the valve '4 being in position to close the conduit 3), the level of the glass inth'e delivering chamber and the receiving chamber or pot can be raised to the desired point and preferi As the glass issues from the receiving chamber or pot,

preferably on the overflow lip or margin 9, it is received by a bait 2 9,Twhich by preference is suitably prepared so as to cause the glass to adhere thereto, and the glass is then continuously drawn away from the overflow lip or v margin, thereby drawing outa sheet of glass. 'This drawing action may take place in a vertical or in a horizontal direction, or at any angle inclined from the ver- .tical or horizontal that may be desired, and the molten glass may be drawn into sheet form at the instant it makes exit from the opening in the overflow chamber or pot 5, as illustrated in Figs. and14, or it may be permitted to extend partially or entirely along the surface oi the overflow lip or margin, as shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11 a and 15; or, if preferred, the sheet of glass may be drawn I V from the mass of molten material in the receiving chambet or pot 5 without actually permitting any of the glass follow along the surface of the overflow lip, or margi n, as shown Fig. 12, all of these various modifications being within the invention herein described. For the purpose of moving the bait. 29 away from the mouth. of the receivin g chamber or pot 5, in order to draw the sheet of glass from said pot, it is attached to a suitable member provided with means for continuously drawing it away from the chamber of pot in the direction in which the sheet is desired to be drawn. As above stated, this direction may be vertical, horizontal or at any angle between the vertical and horizontal.

There is herein shown an apparatus designed for drawing the sheet of glass vertically from the receiving chamber or pot, which apparatus is best shown as a whole in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 ,and consists of a cross-head 28, moving in guides or ways 27, 27', formed in side frames 28, 28, the bait 29 being suspended from the cross-head 26 by pins 30, 3'0, and the cross-head itself having up and down movement imparted to it by screws 31, 31, passing through nuts 32, 32, on opposite ends of the'cross-head.

These screws 31 are mounted to turn in bearings33 in the side frames 28 and in atop cross-rail 68, and are provided with beveled gears 34 meshing withbevel gears 35 fast on the shaft as turning in bearing 37, 37, on the top cross rail 68. 1 This shaft has a bevel gear 38 fast on one end thereof which gears with a: bevel gear 39 on vertical shaft 40, turning in bearings41, 41, and provided. on its lower endv with the bevel gear 42. This bevel gear 42 meshes with bevel gear 43, which is fast ,to spur gear 44 free to rotate on shaft 45, Fig. 1, projecting from the side frame 28. Spur gear 44 meshes with spur gear 46 fast on shaft 47, which'shaft 47 also has a spur gear 48- fast thereon. .-This spur gear 48 is one of a line of gearing which is connected with a shaft 52 driven from the main source of power, the chain of gearing in this instance consisting of gears 48, 498. Dd 50, meshing with gear 51 on transverse shaft-52. 'By an inspection of Fig. 4 it will be observed that thei'e are two exactly similar lines of gearing 48, 49, 50 and 51, the several gears being j mounted on shafts taking bearing in the respective side frames 28, which shafts have fast upon their inner ends {spur gears 53. These spur gears 53 serve to drivethe grally therewith a sleeve 58, having an annular groove- .59 into which a pin 69 on a lever 61 enters, said lever being fulcrumed in any suitable manner upon the framework of the apparatus.

It will be readily understood that operating the -lever 61 the friction disk 55 may be made tov approach toward or recede from the center of the disk 54, and thereby vary the speed of the shaft '52; and that by causing the disk 55 to pass the center of the disk 54 the may be reversed. v 1

For the purpose of laterally stretching the sheet of glass, as it is'in the act of being drawn, a series of rolldirection of movement or revolution .of the shaft 52 ers 62 are mounted in "suitable frames 63 on either side of the apparatus. Each of the rollers 62 is keyed to a shaft 64 turning in suitable hearings in the frameworkand preferablyinclined at an angle to the direction of movement 'of the sheet of glass to be drawn. Each of the shafts 64 has on the end opposite the roller 62 a beveled gear 65 meshing with a bevel gear 66 fast The friction on another shaft also'taking bearing" in the frame63, and having on its oppositeiend'a spur. gear 67 ,meshing with one of the spur gears 53 hereinbefore referred to.

It will thus be seen -that each.roller 62 is driven from a spur gear '53 through the intermediate gears 67, 66

and 65, and the shafts bearing such-gears, and that each roller receives its motion from one ofthe chain "of I gears48, 49 and '50, driven by theshaft 52. From an inspection of Fig. 4, it will be" understood that there is a series of these rollers 62 operating upon the opposite edgesof the sheet of glass as the same, i s"being',drawn; I

and from an inspection of Fig. 2 itwill .be seen that there is a like set of rollers operating upon the opposite 1 sides or faces of the sheet of glass as thesame' isbeing drawn, .the rollers being preferably arranged in pairs placed immediately opposite each other and rotating in opposite directions, as 'indicated the arrows in .Fig'. 2. The effect of this arrangement of rollers is that the glass is gripped between the respective members of each pair of rollers and. .by'the"rollers is pulled maintaining the sheet at width and thickness.

' In order that the rollers may be adjustable to sheets of glass: of various thickness, and for the further purpose that the grip of the rollers upon any given sheet of glass being drawn may be adjusted, as well as for getting the bait between therollers, means are provided whereby the frames 63 bearing the rollers'may be ad justed so as to bring the rollers-closer to or withdraw or draw-n laterally, therebystretching, the glass and an approximately constant them further from the surface of the sheet ofglass, and

at the same time maintain the parallelism of the oppositely disposed frames and rollers borne thereby. I

The means employed for this purpose will behest understood by reference to Figs. 4, 5 and 6.

Each of the roller bearing frames 63 is articulated to the respective side frames 28 by a pair of hinge links 69, 69, in such way as to permit the respective pairs of roller bearing frames which are on opposite sides of the sheet of glass to be withdrawn frorn or approached.

towards the surfaceof theglasswhile 'at all-times remaining parallel with each other, and also maintaining the. gears 67 constantly' in mesh with gears 53, so that the roller bearing frames 63 can be adjusted at will into parallel planes and always remain in operative 11o engagement with the driving gears therefor. For the purpose of effecting the movement of the roller bearing frames 63 upon the hinge links 69, 69, brackets- 70 are carried by the frames 63, within which bracketsa worm shaft 71 takes bearing, said shaft being provided with a Worm 72 for each of the pair of frames on one side of the sheet of glass. Each of worms 72, 72,

meshes with a worm gear 73,.(Fig., 6), on a vertical shaft turning in bearing 75,.a nd on the lower end of :the shaft bearing the worm gear 73 is a bevel gear 76, which meshes with a bevel gear 77 fast to or formed integrally witha sleeve 78, splined to the shaft 79 so as to slide thereon. This shaft 79, has bearingsin the lower portion of theb'racket 70 and extends from front to rear of the apparatus, and has on its respective ends right and left hand screw threads, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, The right-hand screw threads engage ina nut formed on thelower end of one of the roller bearing frames 63 and the left-hand screw threads engage in a nut formed in the lower end of the roller bearing 7 frame 63 on the opposite'side ofthe sheet of glass; so Ithat, by turning the screw shaft 79, the screw threads on said shaft operate to draw the roller bearing frames 63, 63 closer 'to each other, "or to' force them apart, de-

- pending upon the directioninwhichthe shaft is turned.

It hasbeen found in practice that ihdrawing a sheet otglass from the overflow of a pot of molten glass, the' a glass which overflows the lip of the pot is a little too hot to stretch or draw perfectly even, and to overcome thisdiiliculty cooling devices, here shown as in the formot water boxes 80, 81'(Figs. 2 and 3) are provided,

, which boxes have pipcs 82, 83, for induction and "eduction of a cooling medium, such as'water; The e said .boxes 86 and Si are placed onbpposite sides of v 1 the sheet of glass justabove the'drawin'g point andact Operation: Assume the-machine tube at rest and the partsin the position shown in Fig. 7Q in this position the valve 4- is elevated oft-its seat, asshown, and the displacement piece 20 is raised, thereby leaving the glass in the molt-ingand'refining. chamber 1, the delivering 3,0 chamber 2aud the receiving chainber 5, attlre same level'J The-molten glass in ther eceivingchamber. 5h'aving been brought to the desired temperature and condition, I the water beingcirculated through the water cooling .boxes '80 and 81, while the roller" hearing frames 63, 63, are movedapart so as to open" the rollers sufliciently'to', allow for the passage of the bait; and the cross-head 26 being in a'position for the bait to overlap thefoverfiow lip 9, as showmin Fig 7,- and said overflow lip having been-heated to the desired 40' degree, the friction disk tat adjusted with relation to the friction disk 54 son's to give the desired upward speed to the cross-head 26 bearing thebait'29. Itis understood, of course, that the bait has been'previously prepared-so as to cause the plastic glass to adhere therea to The parts being thus in readines s, the valve 4 is adjusted so to close'the conduit3 leading from the refining chamber 1 "and the displacement piece 29 is loweredir'ito the mass of glass in the delivering chamber 2 (as shown in 8), thereby causing the surface of the glass-in said'delive'ring chamber and in the receiving. chamber to rise above and flow over the overfiow lip' 9, when it is caught byand adheres to the bait 29 which is held firmly against theoverfiow lip by the operator.

- When the plastic glass has adhered firmly enough to the bait, the cross-head 26 is startedupwards by throwing "on the power; This not only causes the cross-head- 26 and the attached bait 29 to move upward, but it also starts the series of rollers 62 62, to rotating, and as the sheet of glass is advanced and the bait raised above or .60 withdrawn from between the outermost. rollers, the

, roller bearing frames 63, 63, on the opposite sides of the sheet of glass are caused to approach each other by the {operator turningthe crank 74 attached to the worm r 1 shaft 71, which worm shaft through the medium oi the worm' -72, worm gear'73 and inter-meshing bevel gears' 76 and 77, tiperatethe spline sleeve 78 and with it the screw shaft 79, the direction of'the revolution of this latter 'shaft being such as to draw the roller bearing frames '63, 63, towards, and their sustained rollers 62, 62, into contact with, the sheet of glass on the opposite sides thereof. When the sheet of glass passes between the rollers 62, 62, they act to stretch the sheet sidewise I and, owing to the angle of the axis of "their rotation,

they will assist also in, drawing the sheet of plastic glass. 7 The rollers are shown in operation in Figs. 2 and i 8, the dotted'lines inFig. 2 indicating the open or nonoperative position of said rollers. While the' sheet of glass is being drawn, the overflow of molten glass at the lip 9 iskopt constant, e., is fed to the sheet as fast as the sheet is drawn, this being accomplished by the constant lowering of the displacement piece 20 into the molten glass in the delivering chamber. The speed of movement of the cross-head 26 can be varied at Will by means of lever 61, operating to force the irictiondisk 55 nearer; to or further from the center of the friction disk 54, as. will be understood by an inspection of Fig.

-When the sheet has been drawn to the desired length the rollers are'opene'd by rotating the crank 74 in the proper direction, and the overflow of molten glassfrom the overflow lip 9 is stopped or, more accurately speakin g, theoverfiowing moltenglass is allowed'to drop back into the receiving chamber 5 by elevating displacement piece 20 out of the molten glass in the delivering chamber the "communication between the refining,

chamber 1 and the delivering chamber 2 being also "preferably re-establishied by the elevation of the valve itrom its seat. The upward travel of the cross-head 26 I is continued, and as the sheet has no more plastic glass. on the overflow lip 9 to draw from, it will speedily draw thin and'can be readily separated from the overflowlip by cutting with shears or by any other means well known in the art-for handlingglass. Thecross-head is then moved high enough so as that the bottom of the sheet of glass will clear the rolle'rs,-a1'1d the bait and the sheet of glass-are transferred to some suitable carriage and moved off and placed in ahorizoutal position, or otherwise, when the bait may be cracked ,fromthe sheetof gross-head 26 by means of the pins 30, 3D, and the crosshead lowered. into position, as shown inFig. 7, and the operation is then repeated for drawing another sheet of glass:

As 'hereinbefore indicated, it is not essential that the glass should bedrawn over any particular style or form of overflow lip, nor is it essential that the glass shouldbe drawn in any particular direction from the horizontal surface of the lip.

, Figs. 9 -15, inclusive, illustrate'some oi the various ways in which the sheet of glass may be drawn from ,the receiving chamber 5, and will serve to illustrate the fact that this particular step or feature in the invention may be modified ina great variety of ways.

Referring to Figs. 9,'16and 11, it will be apparerit that the sheet of glass may be drawn just after the molten metal has passed beyond the exterior edge of the lip; or just when it reaches the edge oi'the lip; or

just before it reaches the edge of said lip, as circumstances may seem to make most desirable.

. Referring toFigs. 12 -and 13, it willbe apparent that the glass need not necessarily overflow oreome in actual I In the meantime another bait is hung upon the horizontally, as indicated in Fig. 14, or it may be I placing a suitable'cover over the. opening in the-said ,stant or even'width, and thickness, and at the same 4 'timeto impart to it'tha-t flatness oi'surface' which is essentialto drawn glass of this character. Moreover,

- apparatus by ordinary or unskilled labor.

V isseparated} with great facility irom the mass molten d'uje toitli eia'ct th t the glass is permitted'to drop m from'the o'verflow'lip Io; pointover' which the sheetis' drawn, so that a yerythjn and insignificant amount of minate amount of glass: is contained in'the'receptacle ent quan tiesoi the-molten glass" iorfdrawing the same,

' thicknessjof sheet.

' glass, m intaini gconslsts ln-providlng a mass of molten glass-heatedst the 1 6 5 and those from the burners 10 increased.

. the bait after it ha's been taken away from the drawing any change of jthe ppaiatus or any. measuring otthe ,dlrectlo njnnd v I the meet in a lateral direction.

contact with the upper surface of the lip at all, as it may be drawn from the open mouth of the furnace before it has been actually permitted to overflow the lip.

Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, all show the plate of glass; being drawn in a vertical direction, but it may be drawn drawn at any desired angle from the horizontal, as indicated in 15 I Duringthe intervals between'the drawing operations it may. be necessaryto heat the molten glass in the receiving chamber 5, and this is accomplished by chamber andthe flames from the burners 12 turned on 1 The stretching-action of the series. of rollers 62, 621' serves to maintain the'glass of. an approximately c0nit will-be-obse'rved that the apparatus is so entirely simple and the control of it soreadily efiected, that the operation of drawing the glass may be effected with the minimum of expert'labor, and the drawing operations may proceed or be repeated-one aite'r the'other with greatyrapidity, while the-glass can be removed from It will alsobe observed that'thle' drawn sheet oi glass material in thereceiviing chamber or'pot 5, this being glass remains. lllior'eover, this method of procedure is super-iorto those processes whereinza measured 'or deter-f suificientior the drawing oi a given sheet,- since without quantity of" the reed tacle, sheets 'ofvarying thiclmess, and hence requir ng differ be relinyarsmn only being necessary to adjust the. s tre't ng rollers, and: to properly mahipulate the displacement. block in the. delivering chamber and .control the'spe'ed'o o rstretching to secure any ..T i provement in theme si ma: working which consists; in aiwlng zi'shee't. oil-glass n -u. o s lmultaheously' and constantly stretching ,"2.11116-iylpipvfln'lif'ln."the art 013-. glass .worklng which lsts in ldraw.11i g '9'sheet pt; glass in alqngltudinal 31nd simultaneously stretchlng the'ishit at an l' lie-line or draft, whereby thje stretching rves to assist in the dr'tipvingot ath sheetfol v'cmeni: in the art-0t glass working which s n drawing a, sheet-of glass from a mass 01' molten the'levelbi the molten mks "approxialidf stretchta'n't durlng ihe drawing 'operatlon, eel: id's. lateml'dl'r'je'ction as itis drliwn- 4. The -improvement in the art'oi glassf-working which draiwl'ng'fpointvto aQhigh temperature, drawing a n er-or therefrom, lowering the'temperature oil-the sheet ns f 1:.1zhen1constantly stretching the ,sheet ln :1 latthe sheet adjacent to consists in providing a mass 01. molten glass heated at the drawing point to a high temperature. drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, loweringthe temperature of the sheet by radiation ussald sheet is drawn, and then constantly stretching the sheet in a lateral direction.

6. The Improvement in the art of. glass working which consists in drawing a sheet or glass, lowering the tem- -persture of the sheet as drawn, and then constantly stretching. the sheet in a lateral dlrectlonl.

7. The improvement in the art oi glass working which consists in drawing a sheet of glass froma mass of molten glass, maintaining the level of the molten mass approximately constant during the,.drawlng operutlon, lowering the temperature or the-sheet as drawn,.and then stretch-.

lng'the sheet ln a lateral direction.

'8. The improvement in the art of glass working which "consists'ln drawing a sheet of glass from a mass of molten "glass, maintaining, the level of the molten mzissi approxima tely constant during the drawing operation, lowering the temperature of the sheet as drawn, by radiation, and then stretching the sheet inn lateral direction.

9. The improvement in the art of glass working which consists in drawing a sheet-0t glass tromamass of molten material 'and constantly stretching the sheet in ,a lateral direction,

' 10. The improvement in the art of glass-working which consists-in drawing a sheet of glass from a mass or molten material and stretching the sheet .in a lateral direction at an acute angle to. the line of draft. p

11. The improvement in the-'art of glass .working which consists in drawing a sheet or glass from a mass of molten material, constantly stretching the glass" laterally as drawn, causing the level of the molten .mass to recede when the sheet is drawn the desired length, thereby leaving a .thln film of glass at the end of the sheet adjacent said tllm.

,13. The improvement in the art of glassworking which consists in drawing a sheet of glass from a mass of. molten -materlal, constantly stretching the glass laterally as drawn, lowering 'the temperature of the sheet as drawn, causing the level of the molten mass to recede when-the sheet is drawn' the desired length, thereby leaving a thin fllnnof glass "at the "end of the sheet adjacent to -the molten mass-and then severing said film.

the molten mass, and then severing 14. The improvement in the art 01' glass working which co'nsistsln drawing a sheet of glass from a mass of molten material, stretching the glass laterally asdrawn, main training the level 0! the mass approximately constant during the drawing operation, lowering the temperature '0! the sheet as drawn, causing the level of the molten mass 'to recede when the she'et'is drawn the desired length;

thereby leaving a-thln film of glass at the end .ofthe "sheet adjacent to the molten mass-and then severingisald 15.1 Iiia glass drawing. machine, the combination of a receptacle tor moltedglass, with means tor drawing a sheet 01 glass therefrom, means laterally stretching. the

sheet .as' drawn, and connecting mechanism for o'pera-tirlg' said drawing and stretching means.

.16. Inc. glass drawing-machine, the comblnation'of a receptacle tor'molten glass, with means tor drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, means laterally stretching the sheet as drawn, means lowering thetempernture .of the sheet as drawn, and-connecting mechanism for operating said drawing and stretching means.

' .17. In a glass drawing machine, the combination 0! a receptacle for molten glass, with means {or drawing a sheet-of, glass therefrom, laterally stretching means, a

cooling device interposed between said-laterally stretching I means and said receptacle, and "connecting mechanlsmror operating said drawing and stretching m'hn's;

18. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination or a receptacle for molten glass, with means for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, and laterally-stretching devices operating at an acute angle to-the sheet-drawing means.

19. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, with means for drawing 'a sheet of glass therefrom, laterallystretchlng devices oper- "ating at an acute angle to the sheet-drnwlng me'ans,-anfl ineanslowerlng the temperature of the sheet as drawn.

101, 20. in a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of n receptacle for mol'ten .'glass; with means for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, laterally-stretching devlces'operating nt nn acute angle .to the sheebdrawing means, and

' means lowering the temperature of the sheet as drawn and located between saidreceptacle and stretching devices.

21. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, with means for drawingn' sheet of glass therefrom, means maintolning the level of the glass in said receptacle approximately. constant as the sheet is drawn, and means laterally sin-etching the sheet.

22. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, with means for drawing a she t of glass. therefrom, means maintaining the'level. of the glass in said receptacle approximately constant as the 'sheet is drawn, means laterally stretching the sheet, and means lowering the temperature of the sheet as drawn.

In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for' molten glass, with means for drawing 'a sheet of glass therefrom, means maintaining the level. of the glass -in.said receptacle approximately constant-as the sheet is drawn, means laterally stretching the sheet, and cooling devices located between said receptacle and lateral stretching'means. 2-1. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, and means for varying the -level of the glass fin said receptacle, 'withsheet-drawing' devices, and laterally-operating sheet stretching devices.

' 25. In a glass draw'ing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten gl'ass and means for varying the 40 Level of the glass in said receptacle, with sheet-drawing devices, laterally-operating sheet stretching devices,'i\nd, a cooling device located betweensaid receptacle'and saidstretching devices.

26. In a glass drawing apparatusthe combination ot a' receptacle for molten glass, sheet-drawing devices and loterally operating sheet stretching devices, a power shaft and connections from said shaftto the drawing devices and to the stretching devices.

27.-In 'a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a 'eceptacle for molten glass, sheet-drawing devices and lat rally-operating sheet stretching devices,a pow'er shaft, conne'ctionsfrom said shaft to the drawing devices and to the stretching devices, and means for varyingthe speed of said shaft. 5,5-

receptacle for molten glass, sheet-drawing devices, laterally-operating stretching devices operating on the opposite faces of the sheet of glass, and connecting mechanism for operating saidrdrdwing and stretching devlces.- 6D- 29. In a glass drawing machine, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, with sheetdruwlng devices, laterally-operating stretching'devlces operating. on the opposite faces of the sheet of glass, means for lowerlng the temperature of the sheet as drawn, and connecting mech-' nnism for ppe rating said drawing and stretching devices.

'30. In a glass drawing machine. 'the combination ofa receptacle for molten glass, with sheet-drawing devices, laterally-operating stretching devices operating on op- .posite faces of the sheet of glass, means forlowering the 7.0 temperature of the-glass, said means being located between said receptacleand said' stretching devices, and connecting mechanlsmfor operating said drawing and stretching de-,

vices.

31. In a glassdrnwing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle (0: molten glass, with sheet-drawing devices and laterally-opernting stretching devlcesfsald sheehdrawing and stretching devices being operated from a common power shaft and said sin-etching devices engaging opposite faces of the sheet of glass.

scopes 28. In a glass drawing machine, the combination of a site faces of the sheet of glass and adjustable towards and from each other, whereby said stretching devices can acand connectlngmechanlsm for operating said drawing and stretching devices. 33..I'n a glnss drawing apparatus, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, with sheet-drawing devices, laterally-opernting' sheet=stretchlng devlces-engaging the sold devices towards and from each other on parallel lines.

receptacle for molten gtass, withshe'et-drawlng apparatus, stretching rollers engaging the opposite faces of the sheet,

means for adjusting said frames with their supported rollers from and towards each other.

a: plurality of laterally-operating stretching rollers located along each edge of one face of the sheet, a plurality of laterally-operating stretching rollers located along each edge of the opposite face of said sheet, frames for support- -ing said rollers,.a power shaft and gearing connecting stretching rollers. e

36. In a glassdrawing apparatus: the combination-of'a receptacle fo'rmolten. glass, and means for varying the device's,;tw o roller bearing frames located along one edge loc'ated along the other edge but onop potsite faces of; the sheet, sheet-stretching rollers supported bysnid frames,

other .edge of the sheet but on opposite faces thereof, rollers supported by the sa d several frames, a power shaft, gen 'ng connecting said power shaft with the sheetstretching rollers on said frames, and a cooling device located between said receptacle and stretching rollers. 4

In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of devices, a pair of rollerhearing frames located along one edge of thersheet of glass but on opposite faces'thereof,

other edge-but on opposite faces of the sheet of glass,

frames towards and from each other, a power shaft, and gearing transmitting motion from said shaft to said sheeting thedirection of revolution of-saidshaft.

"receptacle for molten glass-and means for varying the level of the glass in. said receptacle,; with sheet-drawing frames located adjacentto one edge 'of' the sheet of glass buton opposite faces thereof, and a like pair of roller-hear of glass but on opposite faces thereof, rollers supported of saidsheet-drawing devices, and means for -slmnltaneously operating said drawing devices and said rollers;

40. In an apparatus for forming sheet 'glass, the combia glass sheet therefrom, and means for increasing the width of the sheet as it is drawn by the bait, whereby said liait'and said meansprddncea'sheet of uniform width.

41. In an apparatus for forming slieet glass, :the combination-of a receptacle for molten glass, a bait for'drawing 32. In 'a machinetor drawlng'glass,- the combination of a receptacle for, molten glass, wlth 'sheet drawmg devices, laterally-operating stretching devices engaging the oppo-' commodate themselves to'the sheets of different thickness,

sheet -of glass on opposite faces, and means fol-adjusting 34. In a glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a frames supporting said oppositely" disposed rollers, and

r 35. In a glass drawingapparatus, the combination with a receptacle for molten glass, with sheet-drawing means,-

saidxsluift wltla said, sheet-drawing means and with said level' of the glass in said receptacle, with sheet-drawing but on opposite faces of the sheet, and two like frames and means for adjusting the frames lyin'g onopposite sides another-pair of roller-bearing frames. located along the drawing devices and also transmitting power to the sheet a the receptacle for molten glass, and means'for varying the level of the glass in said receptacle, with sheet-drawingand a. like, pair of roller-bearing frames located-along thelaterally operating stretching rollers supported by said frames, means for adjusting the members of eachp'air of I drawingidc'vice's and to said rollers, and means for revers- 39. Iota "glass drawing apparatus, the combination of a devices operating in a'right line, a pair of roller-bearing ing fram'es located adjacent to the other. edge of the'sheet in said frames at an 'acuteangleto the line of movement nation of a'receptacle formolten glass, a bait'for drawing a glass sheet therefrom, and means for increasing the' 'to increase the widthof the latter as the sheet is drawn by the bait 43. Inan apparatus for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle for molten glass, a bait, and means withdrawing said bait from said receptacle to-form a sheet; and means cooperating with the edges of the sheet to increase the width of the latter and located in operative proximity ,to'the molten glass in. the receptacle.

44. In an apparatus for drawing sheet-glass, the combination with a receptacle for molten glass, a bait, and means withdrawing said bait from said receptacle to form asheet, of means located adjacent to each edge of the sheet and operating to increase the width of the latteflhy stretching the same'in opposite directions towards the edges. v

45.- In an apparatus for drawing sheet glass, the co-mbination .with a receptacie for molten 'glass, a bait, and means withdrawing said bait from said receptacle to form :a sheet, of means cooperating with the edges of the sheet to increase the width 0;; the latter in excess of the widthof said sheet produced by the drawing operation of. the

bait.

46; In an apparatus for drawing sheet glass. the combi;

nation of a receptacle containing molten glass, means for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, and means for increasing the width of the glass sheet at opposite edges and whereby the sheet is held to uniform width.

47. In an apparatus for drawing sheet glass, a receptacle containing molten glass, means for drawing glass therefrom in sheetform in a longitudinal direction, and

' means for simultaneously increasing the width of the glass as it is longitudinally drawn.

' '48. In an apparatus'for drawing sheet glassla recepta-. cle containing molten glass, means for drawing glass' therefrom in sheet form in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of surfaces cooperating with the edge portions of the glass sheet to increase the width of the latter simultaneously with the longitudinal-drawing action thereofQ- In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in'

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