US856990A - Instrument for surveying bore-holes. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 11, 1907.

K. W. 0. SOHWEDER.

INSTRUMENT FOR SURVEYING BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED IBB. 13. 1907.

KURT WILHELM OTTO SCHWEDER, OF JOHANNESBURG, TRANSVAAL.

INSTRUMENT FOR SURVEYING BORE-HOLES- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Application filed February 13,1907. Serial No. 367,280.

Sonwnnnn, a subject of the German Emderor, and a resident of Johannesburg, Transvaal, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Instruments for Surveying Bore-Holes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an instrument or contrivance for surveying boreholes.

It is designed with the object of producing an ellicient instrument of simple and inexpensive construction; one from which the readings or indications can be read direct, immediately the instrument is raised to the surface, and in which readings or indications between the vertical and horizontal can be obtained with equal accuracy.

The invention will now be described in detail by aid of the annexed drawing, which illustrates a practical embodiment of the same.

The drawing represents the instrument in longitudinal section.

In the drawing, 1 represents a tube or external tubular easing into one extremity of which is screwed, or otherwise suitably attached, a piece 2 made concave at its outer end 3. Surrounding the concave outer end of the piece 2, which is slightly reduced in diameter externally and closing the same is arranged and secured a hemi spherical or approximately hemi-spherical cap 4 of glass or other transparent material.

5 is an external annular groove or recess formed round the piece 2 for the reception of a leather or other suitable, preferably resilient, packing ring 6, upon which rests the lower edge of the cap 4. The piece 2 is constructed at 9 with an annular projection or flange up to which the tube 1 is screwed on the one side. The part 2 is constructed w th a screw-thrcz'id at the other side of the projcction 9. Surrounding the outer end of the iecc 2 and screwed thereon up to the proection 9 is a cylindrical fixing piece 10 for the transparent cap 4. The piece 10 is curved inward as indicated at 1.1 so as to bear against the transparent cap 4 to press it down on to its seat on the packing ring 6.

In the spherical or approximately spherical space 12 formed between the concave l piece 2 and the interior of the glass cap or cover 4 is arranged a preferably ho low sphere or ball 13 of meta or other suitable material. The sphere 13 is buoyant, or

made sufliciently light for it to float in water or other suitable liquid with which the spher ical chamber 12 is filled. The sphere 13 is fitted or constructed at the top with a projection or projecting pin 14 which presses 1 htly, against the inside of the glass cap 4'. T e sphere 13 diametrically opposite the pin or projection 14 is suitably weighted on the inside as indicated at 15, so that said projection or pin 14 is always maintained at the top or so that an axial line passing through the projection is vertical. The sphere 13 also carries a steel or other magnet 16 so that it causes a line indicated at N-N to point to the magnetic north. The sphere 13 by this means maintains such a position that the pin or projection 14 points to the zenith and the line NN to the magnetic north, irrespective of theposition assumed by the outer tube or casing 1. A point 17 is marked at the to in the center of the transparent cap 4, w 'ch point lies immediately above the top of the pin or projection 14 when the casing or tube 1 is held vertical, and if the casin or tube 1 is inclined lies above a certain egree of lon itude and a certainparallel of latitude mar ed or indicated, as at 18, on the surface of the sphere 13. These two determinations or particulars will at a glance indicate the declination of the borehole.

In using the instrument it is lowered down the borehole with the ball or sphere 13 floatin freely in the water or other liquid in the sp erical chamber 12, and upon reaching the point at which the information is to be obtained and allowing for the lapse of sufficient time for the sphere to come to rest, the s here is then fixed and the instrument with( rawn to obtain theindication or reading.

The means I illustrate for fixing the sphere 13 in the position it assumes at the point to be surveyed consists of a piston 19 fixed to a piston rod 20 carrying at its other end a disk or circular plate 21. The piston rod 20 is formed with a flat or groove 22 on the inside next to or in proximity to the piston 19. lVith the object of rendering the piston 19 fluidtight inside the cylinder 1, it may be constructed as shown of the two parts 19, 19, the one part 19 of approximately the same diameter as the internal diameter of the tube 1 so that it may slide therein, and

i the other part 19 of a slightly reduced diameter. These parts are fixed on the end of the piston rod 20 by the nut 23. Between these parts 19 1.9 and secured thereby, is a cup leather 24 which makes a fluid tight sliding joint between the piston and easing 1. In the part 19 is formed a hole and in the other part 19 is formed a hole or port 26. The cup leather 24 in the bot-tom of the hole 25 is cut to form a clack, and to it is riveted or otherwise suitably fixed a preferably metal disk or circular plate 27. The disk 27 and part of the cup leather 24 to which it is aflixed form a clack or non-return valve seated above the portor hole 26 in the part 19. This valve is provided to allow of the introduction of water into the casing 1 while preventing its return. In the part 19 is formed another hole 28 which coincides with a hole 29 formed in the cup leather 24. In the other part-19 is formed a small hole or port 30 communicatin with the interior of the casing 1 through the holes 29 28. This port 30 forms the outlet aperture for the water or other liquid contained within the easing 1 when the instrument is brought into operation, and it is fitted with an adjusting screw 31 for regulating the area of said outlet aperture. 32 is a block or iece carrying the adjusting screw 31, whic piece is secured to the part 19 of the piston by means of the screw 33. On this latter screw 33 is revolubly mounted an eccentric piece 34 which is adapted as shown to engage the end of the casing 1 to retain the piston 19 and through it the other parts connected with the piston, in the position shown. Just before the instrument is lowered down the borehole the eccentric piece 34 is rotated on the screw to cause it to disengage the end of the casing to allow the piston to move inward.

35 1s a diaphragm or flanged circular plate fixed in the case 1. Through a hole 36 in the center of the diaphragm 35 the piston rod 20 works and located in a recess round the hole 36 are leather or other suitable packing rings 37 which form a gland round the iston rod 20.

38 is a plate fitted above the iaphragm 35 and formed with a projection 39 to force the packing rings 37 tightly round the piston rod ,1 20 so as to prevent the passage'of the liquid from the cylinder between the piston 19 and diaphragm 35 into the cylinder 1 above the diaphragm. The casing 1 is shown compris- In a hole in the concave dpiece 2 is fitted a cy-- lindrical piece 43 forme with four guides or wings 44 connected by a ring 45 located in a recess round the hole, which wings and ring serve as a guide for the cylindrical piece 43.

49 is a pm fixed to one of the wings 44 and working in a hole 49 in the bottom of the recess to prevent rotation. This cylindrical piece 43 is formed with a screw-threaded extension 145 which asses through a recess 46 in the piece 2 and ms screwed thereon a nut 47. Between the nut 47 and the bottom of the recess 46 and encircling the threaded extension 45 is a helical spr1ng48. Over the nut 47 and fixed to the inner end of the piece 2 by means of a ring 50 and set-screws 51, is a cap or cover 52 of rubber or other suitable flexible material. Beneath the cap 52 is arranged a flat spring 53 which is shown secured in position by means of one of the setscrews 51. By this means the sphere 13 is ressed against the transparent cap 4 merely by the pressure transmitted through the spring 53 and not by the full pressure exerted by the main actuating spring 42, as would be the case were the disk 21 to come into direct contact with the nut 47 64 represent inspection holes formed in the up er end of the casing.

11 use the main actuating spring 42 between the diaphragm 35 and disk 21, is placed in compression by drawing down the piston 19 and securing it by means of the swivel iece 34 as shown in the drawing. The casmg 1 between the iston 19 and the diaphra m 35 is now filed with water or other suita le liquid, the time that will elapse in lowering the instrument to the point in the borehole to be surveyed is determined, and the regulating screw 31 is then set so that a slightly longer period of time will be taken in forcing the water from between the piston 19 and diaphragm 35 through the aperture 30. The swivel retaining iece 34 having been rotated to disengage t 1e casing 1, the inst-rument is lowered in any suitable manner, as for example by placing it in the boring rods of the boring apparatus, to the point it is desired to survey. As the instrument is de scending the borehole the piston 19 is gradu ally drawn inward into the casing 1 by spring 34 and the water gradually displaced by being forced through the aperture 30. Just before the piston 19 reaches the diaphragm 35 the water between the diaphragm 35 and piston 19 is free to pass through the hole-36 in the diaphragm 35the flat or groove 22 in the piston rod 20 forming a passage for it thereby permitting the disk 21 to be moved more freely by the spring 42 inside the casing 1, just as it is about-to come into contact with the spring 53. hen the disk 21 ultimate] strikes the sprin 53, the nut 47 is force a ainst the spira spring 48 and so moves t e cylindrical fixing piece 43 and wings into contact with the sphere 13, which latter is thereby held against the transparent cap 4. It will be evident that the sphere 13 may be fixed by other means.

What I claim as my invention and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a device of the nature specified, a

casing for holding liquid, a sphere floating in the liquid in said casing, said sphere being weighted, a magnet carried by thesphere, and means for -fixing the sphere in the position it assumes at the point to be surveyed.

2. In a device of the nature specified, a casing for holding liquid, a transparent cap or cover therefor, a sphere floating in the liquid, said. sphere being weighted, a magnet carried by the sphere and means for fixing the sphere in the position it assumes at theing for holding liquid, a transparent cap or cover therefor having a point marked at the center of the top, a sphere floating in the liquidinside the casing constructed with a pin or projection at the top and marked externally with degrees of longitude and parallels of latitude, said sphere being weighted, a magnet carried by the sphere, and means for fixing the sphere in the position it assumes at the point to be surveyed.

5. In adevicc of the nature specified, a casing for holding liquid comprising a concave piece, a transparent cap or cover fitted thereto and forming with the concavity a spherical chamber, a sphere floating in the liquid in said chamber, said sphere being weighted, a magnet carried by the sphere, and means for fixing the sphere in the position it assumes at the point to be surveyed.

6. In a device of the nature specified, a casing for holding liquid fitted with a trans )arent cap or cover, a sphere floating in the liquid in said casing, said sphere being graduated and constructed with a projection and weighted so as to maintain said projection at the top, a magnet carried by the sphere for causing the sphere to assume a certain position in relation to the magnetic north, said cap or cover being marked at the point beneath which the projection on the sphere lies when the casing is vertical, and means for fixing the sphere in the posi tion it assumes at the point to be surveyed.

7. In a device of the nature specified, a casing for holding liquid comprising a concave piece, a transparent cap or cover fitted thereto, packing between the concave piece and transparent cap, a piece screwed to the concave piece and shaped toengage the transparent cap to secure it to the concave piece, a sphere floating in the liquid in said casing having a projection, said sphere being graduthe sp ated and weighted opposite the said projection to maintain saidpro'ection at the top, a magnet carried by the sphere, and means for fixing the sphere in the position it assumes at the point to be surveyed.

S. In a device of the nature specified, the combination with a casing for holding liquid comprising a concave piece, of a transparent cap or cover fitted thereto and forming with the concavity a spherical chamber, a sphere floating in the liquid in the casing constructed with a projection and weighted o posite said projection, a magnet carried by the sphere, means for fixing the sphere comprising a cylindrical piece, constructed with wings which serve as guides, a nut screwed on an extension of said cylindrical piece, a spring located in a recess in the concave piece and en aging the nut, a rubber cap or cover secured to the concave piece over said nut, and means which operate after the lapse of a given eriod of time to engage the nut to fix liere in the position it 'assumes at the point to be surveyed.

9. In a dvice of the nature specified, the combination with a tubular casing, of a concave piece fixed in one end thereof, a transparent cap or cover fixed to said piece forming with the concavity a spherical chamber for holding liquid, means for making a liquidtight oint between the cap and concave piece and for securing the cap in position, said cap having a mark at the center of the top, a sphere floating in the liquid in the spherical chamber, said sphere being graduated and having a projection at the top to engage the inside of the transparent cap and weighted opposite said projection, a magnet carried by the sphere, means for fixing the sphere comprising a piece, located in a re ess in the concave piece beneath thesphere,

a spring for maintaining said piece out of contact with the sphere, a flexible cover inclosing said piece for preventing the escape of liquid from the spherical chamber, a spring adapted to cause said piece to engage the sphere, a piston in the casing, a piston rod connected therewith, a disk connected to the piston rod, a diaphragm fitted in the casing through which the piston rod works, a spring between said diaphragm and disk, at non-return valve carried by the piston, an outlet aperture for the liquid with which that portion of the casing between the piston and diaphragm is filled, and means for regulating said aperture.

10. ln a device of the nature specified, in combination, the casing l, the diaphragm 35, the casing constructed with the holes 64, the casing and diaphragm with the holes 41, the piece 2 screwed into the end of the casing made concave on its outer end, the transparentcap or cover L surrounding the upper end of the piece '2 and forming therewith the spherical chamber 12, the packing 6 and retaining piece 10, the transparentcap having a mark the outlet aperture 30 and fitted with. thenonat the center at the top, the sphere 13 graduated externally and having a project-ion 14 at the center of the top and weighted opposite said projection so as to maintain said rojection vertical, the magnet 16 carried )y the sphere 13 for causing the sphere to assume a certain position in relation to the magnetic north, means for fixing the sphere comprising the cylindrical piece 43 having Wings 44 and ring 45 located in a recess heneath the sphere, the screw-threaded extension. 45, the nut 47 screwed thereon and the spring 48 located in the recess 46 and engaging the nut 47, the flexible cover 52 fixed to the piece 2 beneath the nut47, the spring 53 fixed eneath the cover, the piston 19 formed with return valve 24, the piece 32 fixed tothe piston, the adjusting screw 31 carried thereby, the revoluble retaining piece 34, the packing 37 fitted to the diaphragm 35, the piston rod 20 formed withthe flat or groove 22, the disk 21 fixed to the piston rod, and the spring 4'2 fixed beneath the disk and diaphragm, substantiall y as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

KURT WILHELM OTTO SCHWEDER.

\Vitnesses:

(Jr-ms. OVENDALE, R. OVENIJALE.

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