US852390A - Acid cooling and generating chamber. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR. so, 1901.

I. I. LIHME.

ACID COOLING AND GENERATING CHAMBER.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.14,1905.

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IENS P. LIHME, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGN OR TO THE GRASSELLI CHEM-v ICAL COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 30, 1907.

Application filed March 14,1905. I Serial No.2l50,031.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IENs P. LIHME, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Acid Cooling and Generating Chambers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in acid cooling and generating chamber employed in themanufacture of sulfuric acid, and has for its object, the provision of means for more effectively generating said acid, and for very materially reducin the cost of the plant for manufacturing sai acid.

My improvements as herein explained are particularly applicable to an intermediate chamber designed to be positioned between the different acid chambers, which, by reason ofthe greater facility afforded therein for the union of the elements or groups thereof forming said acid, and for the ready release of nitrogen trioxid, serves not only to effect the desired combination or union more readily, but permits of a very material reduction in the size, area and cost of the lead chambers, while maintaining the gaseous elements at a much lower temperature, whereby the leaden wall]: of said chambers are preserved from at. tac

I will explain my invention as embodied in an intermediate chamber of an acid producmg plant; the same comprising series of ventilating pipes or passages and alternating acid-generating or condensing .cellular partitions, through which the gaseous elements are assed to effect their cooling, subsequent com ination or conversion into acid, and re lease of the combining medium. L

- My invention will be more readily explained by making reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein;

Figure 1 illustrates by a perspective view, partially broken away, the intermediate acid-cooling and generating chamber of my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail in longitudinal section, showing the base of a ventilatingfipe, and a portion of the tile parti-, t1on an Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragment in perspective, partially broken away, illustr'atmg the tile walls with their inner recesses or basins.

The structure. shown, it will be understood,

chambers proper, and is so designed as to afford as little resistance to the-flow 0r passage of the gaseous elements, as is possible. Sald chamber consists essentially of a lead lined compartment a, having inlet andoutlet ipes 'v, o for the gases. Within said chamher are provided alternating series of lead ventilating pipes c, which are constantly open above and below to the air, and are cooled by the circulation of the air therethrough. Alternating therewith are artition walls d, of longitudinally perforate tiles d, the same having interior recesses or basins d adopted to hold the generated acid. These tiles are k formed of any suitable size from acid-resisting material, as for example with double openings d, separated by a strengthening web d extending from the forward lip d to the top of the tile, as best shown in F ig. 3. Single tiles (1, as alternately ositione at the ends, may likewise be use It will be understood, of course, that these tiles may be made of any suitable material, which is acidproof or acid resisting, since it is obvious that the tiles are constantly subject to the condensing acid at a relatively elevated temperature, and, in consequence, would render the acid impure, were the material subject to attack thereby. At the further end of the chamber is an exit pipe e, an acidrece tacle f, and a second pipe 9 for drawing 01f t e accumulated supply of acid, which may be duplicated between each of the condensers d, d, if desired.

In the detail shown in Fig. 2, I have illustrated the lead floor it of the chamber, carrying the lead angle plates 1), which inclose the bases of the ventilating pipes 0. These pipes are seated over a short thimble 1' extending through the floor, while above, said pi es are coo ing chamber, and the tile partitions,- since any builder would be able to provide ,the same to meet given cond tions.

. I will now endeavor to explain the function of my -im roved structure, as I understand it, and t e process'of acid manufacture as conducted therein.

The gaseous elements, comprising sulfur dioxid, nitrogen trioxid, oxygen, and a small amount of water uniting to form nitrosul'furic the opening b, and first come in contact with the series of cooling pi es 0, which serve to lower the temperature t ereof, since the heat readily passes through the leadwalls of said pipes, and is carried away by the circulation of the air. The gaseous'or vaporous acid in the form of a mistcontaining a sh ht excess of water, then comes in contact wit the first tile partition d, and here the gaseous nitrosulfuric acid encounters the more orless dilute sulfuric acid in the respective basins d of the tiles and upon the walls thereof, thus splitting up and forming sulfuric acid, which collects at the bottom of the. chamber, and gaseous nitrogen trioxid which is thus freed and will serve again and again to effect the successive combinations with sulfur dioxid,

water and oxygen to form nitrosulfuric acid, which in turn is split up as previously described. This operation is caused to. occur repeatedly in ra id succession by the contin uing contact of t e gases, vapor and mist with the series of cooling pipes, and the ex osed surfaces of the tile partitions or aci condensers. The temperature, which is raised u on the condensation andsplittin out of reduce to the one which-doest e sulfuric acid is readil proper working point, and not deleteriously aficct the lead walls and pipes of the chamber, through the constant conduction and radiation of heat to the air circulating-within the cooling or ventilating he acid as generated, trickles down'the tile partitions, and collects in the bottom of the chamber,-,from which it "may be drawn ofi as required; It should be observed that in .my'improved chamber, the acidis not diluted by water or vapor sometimes intro-- duced to efiect a. cooling action.

. To illustrate how much greater efficiency is secured in the manufacture of acid, when my invention is employed, I may state that instead of from twenty to twenty-eight. cubic feet of lead chamber space commonly provided for each pound of sulfur burned-during. twenty-four hours, I am enabled to reduce the chamber space, so that-but from six to eight cubic feet are necessary, with cease 7 quent materiel savingsin outlay and cost,

the necessary space required.- In the:

cooling and neratmg chamber itself, as herein described, I calculate that two pounds of sulfur may be burned each twenty four hours, for every cubic footpf space- I From a consideration of the foregoing, it

' i will be seen that said chamber provides a gaseous elements, which resistance a cogent objection'to' theus'e. of 'fi'erent minimum of resistance-to the passage of the resents:

earlier types of acid-producing apparatus.

Although. I have stated that my improved structure preferable is positioned betweenlatter, and partition .walls disp ber consisting of l the several acid chambers of a sulfuric acid acid, findentrance to the chamber through .p

roducing plant, which chambers, accordmgly, may be built. of much smaller cubic capacity, and before the Gay Lussac tower, as well, I do not wish-to be understood as necessarily confining the application of my invention thereto; butI may eventually find it desirable to employ such chambers alone in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, or commercial products requiring similar conditions-for their production. Neither do Iconsider my invention as one which is restricted to the precise structural details herein depicted and described, Thus glass may be substituted at an increased cost for the tile partitions which I have herein referred to.

Accord' 1y, I claim as new, and desire to secure by t ese Letters Patent, the follow- 1n 1. An acid cooling and generating cham her having a series of spaced acid-cooling ventilated pipes arran ed at' intervals throughout. its length an transverse of the latter, and partition walls disposed between saig es distantly spaced therefrom, sa1

p was consisting of longitudinally. perforated tiles disposed m superlmposed relation,

substantially asset forth.

2. In an acld producing or generatin chamber, the combinatlon with a lead-line chamber e'xtenorly sealed, series of.vertical lead pipes extending therethrough wherein currents of air circulate to cool the same, of partition walls disposed midway between each of said series of pi es and spaced at a distance therefrom; sai artition walls being formed of acid-proof t1 es with numerous therethrough, means for transverse openings supl ng the acid-producing elements tosaid ch dmhbr and for conducting away the acid as formed, substantially as set forth.

3. An acid cooling and generating chamher having a series of spaced acid-cooling d. at intervals transverse of the I osed between es and spaced therefrom, said walls a plurality of elements each ventilated pipes arran throughout its length an said pi consistihg of 1 having an interior basinto hold the gener-- ated acid, substantially as set forth.v

4. In a sulfuric acid-making plant, the combination with adjacent chambers thereof.

of an intermediate chamber comprisin a lead-lined com artment having a series o air cooling ipes isposed in spaced and transverse re ation therein, and condensing particonsist' of elements having 0 en ends and formed with interior basins to ho d the gener- Jated acid, substantially as set forth.

having a serles of s lated pipes arrange its length and transverse to the la'ter,

' tions disposed between said series of pipes and I condensing partitions disposed between said series of ventilating pipes, each of said partitions being formed with a plurality of apertures which extend longitudinally through the same and with a plurality of interior basins to'hold the generated acid, substantially as set forth.

6. In a sulfuric acid-making plant, the combination with adjacent chambers thereof, of an intermediate chamber comprising a lined compartment formed with a series of ventilating pipes at spaced intervals throughout its length, and artition walls disposed between said series of pipes, each of said walls consisting of a series of open-ended receptacles formed with interior basins, and (115- posed in super-imposed relation, substantially as set forth.

7. An acid cooling and generating chamber consisting of a receptacle closed on all sides and having an inlet and an outlet in its ends, a series'of spaced transversely arranged acid-cooling ventilated pipes located at intervals throughout the length of said receptacle, and a series of artition walls dis osed between said series of pipes, said walls eing spaced at their ends from said pipes, and consisting of a plurality of tiles formed with basins and arranged in superimposed relation and transverse of the length of said receptacle, substantially as set forth.

8. An acid cooling and generating chamber consisting of a receptacle having an inlet and an outlet in its opposite ends, a series of spaced acid-cooling ventilated pipes arranged at intervals throughout the length of said rece tacle and transverse of the'saine, and partition walls disposed between said pipes, said walls consisting of tiles arranged in superimposed relation and having interior basins to hold the generated acid, substantially as set forth.

9. An acid cooling and generating chamber, consisting of a receptacle having a series of spaced transversely disposed ventilated pipes, and partition walls arranged between said series of pipes; said walls consisting of tiles having interior basins and being open at the ends, substantially as set forth.

Signed at Cleveland, this 11th day of March, 1905, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IENS P. LIHME. Witnesses:

G. E. GIsNsY, ALBERT LYNN LAWRENCE.

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