US839791A - Hair-pin. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED DBG. 25, 1906.

H; SUMMA. l HAIR- PIN.. APBLIOATLQN FILED Juwivns. 190B.

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PATENTED DEG. 25,' 1906.

H. SUMMA. HAIR PIN.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 27, 190s.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS suninnor son-WARzENBAcn-oN-rnE-SAALE, GERMANY.

vhmm-PIN.`

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 27,1906.. Seria'l No. 323.584.

Patented nec. 25,1906.

To all whom t Y'may concern;

facturer, a subject of the King of Bavaria,

German Empire, residing at Schwarzenbachon-the-Saale, in the Kingdom of Bavaria,-

German Empire, (whose postal address is '15 Saalstrasse,) have invented new and use- Arc1 ful Improvements Relating to Hair-Pins, of which the followingis a specification.

-The .present invention has for. its object a hair-pin with crossed arms.

Contrary to that which is the case with known constructions of hair-pins with crossed armsln accordance with the present invention thecrossing is not obtained by bending the arms at anv angle; but the arms continue 1beyond the point of intersection'in a straight [line and are bent obliquely at the ends in a certainmanner.-l Further,` the two arms present resiliencyjtoward eachother atl the place of'intersection and the obliquely-bent ends are bent in the direction in which'this" resiliency is exerted. fInl addition, these ob-V f 'li/ue bends'correspond to vthe direction i'n 25 together, so that-when the pinis insertedits .o eningin overcoming the spring action at t e point of intersection is facilitated to per. mit of t 3o.'

ch the-.two arms are yieldinglypressed he passage of Athe hair seized by it. By vas tained. Owing tothe fact thatA W en insert.-l Ving the pin as a result of the cooperation of its bent ends and the place ofintersection-'the .pin iscaused to turn automatically, the place ofintersection .is to someextent o ened automatically when the pin is inserte thereby diminis g the clipping action at the .point of intersection, so that the,` mass of hair seized is able to ass the into the upperv oop Owing to t e fact t the hair-pin always tend to close towar the pointof intersection without being pulled.

point of -intersection and in view of the ab sence of abrupt restrictions, projections, or

1 'against the mass of air and entering with a N'So,

notches, the pluis revented from binding jerky action, but will invariably slip vin smoothly without disturbing the l'.hairorremoving the length of'hair seizedrfrom its vproper position. Further, no tensionis Vroduced in thehair. `The pin i's therefore; eld securelyin the hair, owing to'the factthat after insertion the entire length of its resilient arms exert a vuniform pressure on the amply-held mass of hair, which is likewise dis-v tributed '.with! perfectv uniformity between v.hair seizedby it.

means numerous advant'a es are `atA at both 'the openin s'of'A `them. This eect is facilitated because as a Be it known that I, HANS SUMMA, manu result of the formation of the bent ends as much material as possible is seized. Thesecure hold of the pin is still further increased because both its arms have -a tendency to twist helically around their axis after`inser tion, thereby .increasing the friction "with which the arms hold' the hair which has been gripped. As a result the pin is held securely in the hair, even if'it is polished uite smooth, so that it is unnecessary to roug en the arms of the pin ,or otherwise treat them for obtaininge better grip. A The employment of a pin shed `as smooth as osslble is of course highly desirablein 'or ver to facilitate its introduction and withdrawal. The withdrawal of this pin is not rendered more difiicult in spite of its efficient resiliency, because the strain exertedby the pin is uniformly distributed over the Whole of the mass of For this reason n o single part of the mass of hair seized will be unduly strained, so that it will not be when the pin is removed.' T .e ready and smooth withdrawal. of the pin is also facilitated owing to the fact that just in the same ulled or torn manner as during its introduction the diverging' points, by reason of the ressure exerted 4upon them from the outsi e, cause the.

pin to. turn about is axis and the point of intersection 4 to open. likewise, owing to the divergence lof the ends of its arms' the said rotation of the pin around its axis takes place without the endsofthe needles beingforced apart to any considerable extent.

-A Several constructional formsof the-.novell hairepin are presented by-.way of example drawings, in whichf inthe accompanyin Figures 1 and 2 il ustrate a constructional form of the novel hair-pin in which both ends In inserting `the pin,"

are vbent toward each other inside and front'. -elevation, respectively.4 Figs. 3 to V7 illus trate the manner .in which t is pin acts. 's two elevations' a mo if pin which the' end 8 and 9 representfin fied constructin of the of one arm onlyis bent.

other at c.,

. such amanner'that in addition to bein bent 1 1c one toward the other theyare bent obh'quely In the constructional-form illustrated Figs. land 2 the two arms a and b crosseachrelatively to each other, and- `these' obliquely- '.These arms proceedin' a straight` line from the bend and over the' point' i'n -ta er toward the set ends are directed in the same direction as that in whichthe resiliency is exerted, whereby the arms of the pin are held one'against the other at the oint of intersection c. Owing to this double ending of the two ends, to a certain extent they receive an oppositelydirected helically-acting twisting. Accordingly between the two arms-of the pin there are formed apart from these oblique bends the two openings d and e, which constantly oint of intersection c.

n Figs. 3-5 it ias been assumed that the pin is inserted through a plait of hair in the direction indicated by the arrow. In the first place, the points 7L and i seize (in the manner shown in Fig. 3) a certain quantity of material, which passes between the ends f and g. If the pin 'is pressed in farther with the finger, so that the material seized reaches the point of intersection c, the pin begins to rotate and assumes the position represented in Fig. 4, in which it has turned `through approximately ninety degrees. If the pin is pressed in still farther, it turns through a further ninety degrees, so that it is given a position opposite to that shown in Figs. 1 and 3. If there is sufficient material in the position represented in Fig. 5, the. opening e will also have become filled with it,

It is important that when first inserting the pin the points h and i should always seize as much material as )ossible and conduct it between the arms o thepin, but without these latter being quite'opened out. Owing to the tendency of the pin to twist around its axis, the masses of hair are very securely held by the increased friction caused by the pressure of the arms.

It is likewise important that owing to the' pressure of the hair contained in the loop d the bent ends ff and g are pressed together in the manner o tongs, because by this means any self or unintentional retraction of the pin is eifeetually prevented. The closing of the ends f and g in the manner of tongs is still further assisted by the pressure ofthe hair on the parts of the arms a and b of the 'pin which constitute the opening e in the direction indicated by the arrows l and 2. Figs. 6 and 7 show the manner in which the hair slipping back is seized as by tongs by the ends of the arms of the pin, Fig. 7, thereby preventing self-retraction of the hair-pin. The action described is therefore threefold: First,vfresh material is constantly seized by the bent ends; second, twistin(T of the pin during its introduction, assisted by the opposite twisting of the ends of the arms, and, third, closing of the open end of the hair-pin in the manner of tongs.

The same actioin is obtained when the hair-pin is construeted'in the manner shown in Figs. 8 and '9, in which only one arm is bent at the end and set obliquely relatively to the other. This construction does, however, modify the action to the extent that the end of that arm which is not bent serves to a certain extent as a pivot. This facilitates the introduction of the pin in the case of exceedingly thick hair.

In both eonsttuctionall forms one of the arms may be made longer than the other, asv

tongs formation of the ends and oblique.

setting of the points relatively to each other, because by these meajyis the action of the crossed arms ofthe pin is assisted.

Having new particularbT` described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim isl. A hair-pin, comprising a strand-doubled upon itself to form arms lying adja'eent to .each other, the arms crossing at approximately their centers, the free ends of' the armsbeing bent obliquely inward toward each other, and the tips of -the arms being bent laterallyin opposite directions. i

' 2. 'Ihe improvedhair-pin herein described, having the opposite coperating arms lying adjacent t each other and'crossing approximately at their centers, the'said arms having at their ends portions bent obliquely inwardr toward each other, and having the extremities of said inward-bent portions bent later- -ally in opposite directions, and to the opposite sides of thegeneral plane of the arms of the pin whereby the insertion of the pin in the coil of hair tends to rotate vsaid pin upon its longitudinal axis. l v

3. A hair-pin, comprising a strand doubled upon itself to form arms lying adjacent to each other, said arms crossing at aiproxi-V mately their centers, and the free en. of eine of the said arms being bent inward toward the other. e

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two subscribing wit,-

. nesses, this 11th day of June, 1906.

HANS SUMMA.

Witnesses:

HERMANN TRGER, ALBERT TnoM.

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