US837400A - Combined emergency and main brake. - Google Patents

Description

No- 837,400. PATENTBD DEG. 4, 1906.

e. B. eaosv'nuon.

COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE. APPLIOATIOI rmzb 11.13.22. 1m.

In ventor:

CZM. 14%Q'M My PATENTED DEC. 4, 1906.

G. B. GROSVENOR. COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE.

ZAPPLIOATION FILED MAR. 22190B; I 4 sanmg+snnirr z.

In ven tor:

by %4777'7Pm Atty PATENTED DEC. 4, 19016.. G'. BPGROSVENOR. COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED BAR. 22, 190B.

4 BEETS-832E3 3.

I i v Inventor:

PATENIED DEU- 4,. 1906.

- I e, B. GROSVENOR. COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN 'BR-AKB.

- APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 22;1906.

4 sums-51mm 4.

nun nu attorney snares OFFICE."

GRAHAM e. enosyniqoa'or NE-WYDBK, 'N- Y.'. ASSIQNOR'TQ-OTIS siirivaros- COMPANY.LOF JERSEY oiTY. N'EW'J'ERSEY; A CORPO- ssrrfien or. NE JERSEY.

Gem-smart,e nsnessier satin Maia BRAKE his.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented 13 5.4, 1906..

a ear-io fi1edMarch22,1SOB.. smiinsomss;

NOR, a citizen of the United. States, residing.

at blew Yorh city, in.the county of New for}; and Patate of New York, have invented new asst iniproveinent in a Combined iiication i Y non elates to brake apparatus, ularly adapted for stopping elecbut may ave a general applies;

F objects of my invention is the provision Ola combined emergency and mam brake for electric elevators, which brake shall. simpie eornpact, efiicient, and ieli 7 r sole. k y

fin'ther object of the present invention is-the provision of an improved-and more eficient emergency-brake in connection with;

an ordinary brake and-electric contact controlled by the emergency-brake.

.l'inother object of my invention is to prov'ide means for relieving the strain on the.

emergency-brake apparatus when the mainbrake spring acts'to apply the brake-shoes.

Another object of. the inventionistoprof vide anemergency brake apparatus including contacts in the controlling-circuit of an electric elevator and meansfor automatically restoring such contacts-to normal position upon the st'oppingof theelevator-car.

Other obiects of this invention will appear hereinafter, the novel combination of el ements' being pointedout in-theclaims. v Referring to the 'drawin'gsFigure 1 repre sents insideele'vation, partly in section, my improved combined emergency and main brake." Fig. 2 represents a plan view'of Fig. '1 taken on the line a a, Fig.3 is a sectional elevation'of the lower portionof Fig. ltaken on the line b and-lookingin the direction of" the. arrows Figs; sand-1:5 represent in erspective-eertain detailsTof Figs. 2; an 3. Fig. 16 isan elevation of a detail of Fig. 5 ,v and Fig. '7 represents a diagramof an elevator apparatus in which. my "improved emergency" and main brake apparatus may be used.

In Fig.' 1 thereference-number desig nates a frame er suppolt on the-upper portion of which is mounted the casing which wency and Main Bralre,. of which the em'g'zloyed in the operation of ele-' incloses the *brake-n'iagnet' solenoid -3.

the upper endof the casing 2 =is secured the pole-piece 4,which extends downwardly into the solenoid 3' alshort distance, which may be varied as desired. Also attached to the up.1-'-- perportion f the casing 2 is a laterally-ex.-

tending bracket '6 for supporting the brake.- spring 7, which'is -held in position by i the nut and washer 8; .which' appear at t e upper shrew-threaded end of the brake-applyin rod 9.- The lower end of'th'e rod 9 is pivotc to the central portion of the shaft 10, as indic'ated in Fig. 2. Also mounted on this shaft 10 are the bearings 12 .12 of the double bellcrank 11. Atthe outer ends of the shaft 10 are mounted the perforated arms '13 13 ofthe f bral e-band 1.4., which latter is a brake-shoe 1'5. Through alongitudinal. opening 67" in the upper portion 16 of the bell'crank 11 ex provided-with tends a shaft 17, to the outer ends of which' are connected in any suitable manner .the

arms 19 19 of the brake-band 20, to which is secured the. brake-shoe 21. The brake-- shoes 15 and 21 are adapted to be applied to the brake-pulley P1, fastened tojt'he motor- 22,' whe'n the brake-spring 7. is freeto move the'rod 9 upwardly in .the well-known manner: Iii-this. instance the shafis'l-O and '17 are shown as bolts, which arejprovided,*re-.

spectivelyfwith nuts'68 and 69 for securing said bolts rigidly to'the arms 13 13 and 19 19 of the brake-bands. -,The bearings 12,12

and 16 arefreelvmovable on said'shafts. However, these-details of construction may be varied as desired by thoseskilled in the art without altering theprinciple of my in: vention. -Als0' mounted onthe shaft, 10,4 so

'as to be freely moved thereon',' are the bears ing's' 23 23"fof a rocking plate 24, the other end of which isprovided with perforated lugs or arms 25 25, through which passes-the rod or bolt 27." The ro,d.27, as shown'in Fig. 5,

as well as the shaft 10, is a stud-bolt, and .in

Fig. 2 are shown nuts 70 70 for. securing the stud-bolt 27 rigidly to the arms 25 25. The

. rod. 27 passesthrough an opening in the'extre'me lower end of the vertical rod 26, which is'secured rigidly .in any suitable manner to the'yertically-movable magnet core or plun ger. 5. It will'thus be seen that wheneyer the brake-magnet 3 is energized the rod 26 will be drawn upwardly and the platev 01-4 ver 24 rocked upon the bearings2 3 23 as fulcrum; but this action can in no wa affect the brake-bands or the brake-rod 9. order to change this fulcrum to some pointrrlidway between the ends of the rocking plate 24, I

pass a rod bolt 29 through enlargedportions 28 28 insaid lever or plate. As shown in Fig, 5, the rectangular openingis pla ced in' the central portion of the plate 24 between the bearings 28 28, and

emergency-brake magnet from that comready referred to.

' trolled.

pertinent which contains the leverage, all- As shown in Figs. 5 and 6,-the extreme lower end of the :rod 34'lia-s an opening 35', through which passes a connecting rod 35, the latter being secured to the ar- Jma'ture 38 of the emergency-brake magnet 41, as indicated in Figs. '1and13.

The emergency brake armature '38 is pivoted at 39 to a bracket whiirh extends from the emergency-brake cup or inclosing cylin der 40. Also secured to the emergencybrake pot 40 is an insulated contact 71, which is adapted to cooperate with an additional contact -72, which is mounted on and insulated-from the outer end of the emergency-brake' 38. When the armature is in attracted position, as indicated in Fig. 1, the contacts '71 and 72 are in engagement witheach other, and when in this conditionthey close any circuit which is desired to be con- In Fig. 7 I have illustrated these contacts in the controlling-circuit of an electric elevator system; but I do notdesire to be limited to such use, as Fig. 7 merely, illustrates one application of my invention.

.50 long as the emergency-brake armature is held attracted the shaft or rod 29 is held stationary, and therefore whenever the brake-magnet is energized and its core 5 consequentlyliftedtherod 9-will be ulled down? wardly by reason of the lever-p ate 24 being rockedon the shaft 29 asafulcrum. When the rod 9 is thus moved, downwardly, the shaft 10 is moved With it,and' so, also, the arms 13 13 of the brake-band 14. When the shaft 10 is thus moved downwardly, the double bell-crank will be moved on its bearings 44, which are mounted on the inwardlyextending rods 73 73, as'indicated in Figs. 2 and 3. Motion will thus be transmitted by the bell-crank 11 to the arms 19 19, which are connected to the outer ends of the rod '17, which extends through the opening '67 in the bearing 16. The brake band 20 will therefore .be'\ moved at the same time a. brake-band 14 is moved. Consequently both brakeshoes '15 and 21 will be move. out of engagement with the pulley P, after which. the shaft 22 may be sired. When the emergency-brake magnet 41- J.is chenergized and the brakema et 3 is energ zed, the fulcrum will chan e om the shaft 29 to the shaft 10, and intli is case noeffect will be produced on the brake-bands, as the lever-plate 24 will move freely up and down between the bearings "44 44. Obviously each time the magnet 3 energized Whenthe magznet '41 is denergized the 'GIHQTgOHUYf bra e rod 32,-and consequently thearmature 38, will be moved upwardly with said love? plate 24. When, however, the brake-magnet 3 is deenergized, the rod 32 and armature 38, together with the. magnet-core 5,-w'ill drop back to their normal positions- When this occurs,-it is preferable that the-weight of the parts connected to the armatum '38 and extending-upwardly should be taken by the shoulder 33 striking against the partition 37. movement of the larmature 38, however, to

insure a firm engagement of :the'contacts -71' and 72; but the armature should'not in most instances be allowed to fall directlf upon the top or upper peripheral portion 0 the emer gency-brake pot -40. Although this is the preferable arrangement to prevent the least injury and wear-to the emergency-brake apparatus, these detailsfmay be varied. deemed necessary and most expedient.

Referrin' now to Fig. 7, one a plication-of my invention will be ex lained A desig- There should be sufficient downward I nates a motor-armature 0 an electric motor which is connected to suitable hoisting apparatus for operating the car, in which is placed a manual controlling-switch S and also a safety or emergency switch 48. R R designate reversing-switches for directing'the cur, rent of the motor to the motor-armature to other in the well-known manner; also, to ef* feet the energization of the accelerating-magnets 46, which control'the series field 74 and the resistance 47', as well as the shuntdield 50 and brake-magnet 3. The emergency-brake magnet 41 is connected ,to the emergencyswitoh 48 in the car, and the contacts 71 and [1C operate the same .in one direction or the 72, controlled the emergency-brake 'magnet, are in series with the reversing-switch magnets 60 60 and the manual reversingswitch S in the car, so that whenever the contacts 71 72 are out of engagement the reversing-switches cannot be operated. So, also,

when lever-switches 49 49 are operated the reversingswitche's cannot be operated. Assuming that the car-switch is moved so that its contact-lever 63-engages with contact 62, a circuit will be. closed from the main from the wires 51, 52, and 55, limit positive hereinbeforedescribed, so long. as the switches ih itijcontacts 1 72 wire solen 'oid 60, wire 61 contact 62 lever 63., wire 64:," emergency-switch 48,. wire 65to'the negative main.

The bridge 'piece 57 will now'be lifted and the. shunt-field coil 50 connected across the mains and; so, also, the Brake-magnet 3, which is connected mp arallel in this instance with the shunt-field .50. The 1 emergencybrake magnet 41. is always energized so long as there is potential across the-mains and the emer ency-switch'48 isclosed'. This circuit may 'e'traced frorir'the positive main to the point '66 and thence through the emergencyrake magnet 41 wire 67, emergency br'ak'e switch 48, and-iwire 65 to the negative main;

emer ency brake magnet 41 is energized sufficient'y to hold down its armature 38the brake magnet 3 is effctive inreleasing thebrake-shoes from the pulley P againstthe action ofthe brakerspring 7.. When, however,.

the emergency-switch 48 inthe car is opened,

the circuit of the magnet 41 is-interrupted,

' and if the-core 5-of the1nain-brake magnet 3 is lifted at this time the armature 38jw1ll-irne'inergenc brak e ma 'et being thusdeenev 1 gized an the main" rakefagplied and the- .e car will be operating-circuits opened, t

stopped, or it will be materially reduced in f'speed until the switch isimoved to central position, when the 'car come to an absolute stop. .It should be articularlyhoted, howf ever, -that. When the rake-magnet 3 is den 'ergized the parts connected tothe core 5 iiieluding the arInature'SS, will .dropback to their norn 1al positions with'the core 5;"thus avoiding any necessity of'th'e operator; going 'to the motor apparatus torestor'e the emerb'rake mechanism. Furthermore," itso that'when the emergency-switch '48 isagain In" emergencyheretofore. when the current to the magne't be'operated as before;

closed the car may brake devices employed is cut oil in most' every'instancc the cover of the emergency-brake pot, or, in other words, the armature of the emergency brake magnet, will'be, lifted, thus breaking the contacts and leaving them broken, thus making itric 'es'sary' for the attendant to' go down tothe motor-room and reset thearmature-contacts, when current'isagain turned on. By the use of my construction when the main brake,

coil' is not excited -with current there .is' no strain or very little strain upon the armature of the emergency-brake magnet, and, furthermore, ar cutting off "of the'current' from the .of the emergency-brake;

that nuts'for adjusting the bfalgeespring.are lso situated that they can be reac 'siderable time.

1 of the I brake sprin d be noted that thecOntacts -71 72 are. also automatically brought iI-rtoenga'gement,

emergency brake magnet coil does not-cause the armature 38".to rise eand break'its con tacts' when the brake-magnet 3is energized Iattbistime; I v

, The. condition mentioned involving the necessity of-"an attendant to manually 're-} store emergency-brake apparatus is-annoying {and often .overcomeby lacing some object under the weight-arm, t ius'rendering' the-emergency device inoperative "With my construction, however,"- such cover-does ;not at any time rise when the brake is in nor-: inal working order, and therefore ther'eis no motive for an attendant to render the device inoperativeQ- g Through the agencies of-rust, dirt, crimproper adjustment it is possible, thatemera gency devices heretofore used will not apply the hoisting-machine; but with the apparatus herein disclosed the brake-bands are applied in exactly the same manner and the-same; pressure when released; by the emergency- -magne t"-as' when released by-the main mag.-

net." Ascan be readilyfseen, every stop der normal conditions is atest of the efiicienc Also-"in previo emergency-magnet devices, o'wmgto the-fact;

ed only with especial wrench, it is customary to use 7 a chi'seland ahammer in turning them, which "not, on 1y spoils the nuts, Ibut consume's-."co'1'1'-'5 ,It should be'noted thatgt'he,

spring 7 and the adjustingnut and washer-in the brakeba'nds with s'uflicient' force. to-s top my'dev'ice are situated on topof the brake 1 stand and arenot'inclosed.--

Heretofore when the conditions'weresuch thatit was necessary to increasethe tension'j to a sufiicientextentitoj make the brake e ective the jar of-a plying the brake-bands"-was often so her asito break thecontacts controlled by'the emery gencyebrake I magnet 01' at least to cause a chattering of '.the" armature-contacts; disclosed herein, however, the instant the" maimbrakeicoil is deEnergized. the strain removed from the cover of 'the emergency-.4 brake-magnetp'ot.

brake-pulley has noefiect upon the arma ure 38for the contacts 7-],"2'2.

? Ow ng to the small. amountofspace machines, principally large {drum externalgeared' machines, residence ,fand back-ge ared machines, it is difficult to mount su'ch' stands and also to make adjustments ahdnrepairs."

I My invention ,howevenconternplates the placingof both theemergenoy and themain brake magnets on one stand with the brake'applying device, so that my brake apparatus occupies the same base-space now occupied by the main-brake magnet alone. For'ans'e on alternating-current residenceelevatorsj the.

"Consequently the shock- I of'the brake-bands gripping thecoupling-or I -oi brake} standswofmany electric-elevatorwtacts together and :which is before the main-brake coil receives current.

This .will insure that the emergency-brake armature be heldv with its cona firmiulcrum establi hed for-the main-brake magnet to act upon to release the brake-shoes and allow tor to operate elevator apparatus in the dcsired manner.

i In addition to the above features, which have been pointed out so that the operation may bereadily understood, my improved combined emergency and main brake lends for efiectmg the itself readily to standardization. This is for the reason that on, the same stand either interchanged mechanical parts or a magnet can be used Without any change in the emergency-- brake and parts connected with the brakebands. ,Althoughl have herein show-n a single embodiment of the principles, of myinvention, I wish i-tto be understood that i do not desire to be limited to any of the details of'construc- Ition herein shown and described, as various modifications maybe made by those skilled in the. art Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

llclaini-- v 1. In brake apparatus, the combination with a. brake, of means for applying the same a main magnet, an auxiliary magnet, and means acte upon by said auxiliary magnet release of the brake upon the en'ergizati'on of said main net.

i with a brake, of j4o,

, 2. In brake apparatus, t e combination mechanical means for applying the said brake, an 'electromagnet, connectionsqbetween said electromagnet and said brake, and electromechanical means for establishing a fixed fulcrum in said connections to effect a release ofsaid brake upon the enere gization of said electromagnet. 3.'In brake "apparatus, the combination with a brake and brake-applying means, of brake-releasing means, and electromechanical means for positively controlling said brake-releasing means. 7

4 In brake apparatus, the combination I with a brake and brake-applying means, of

an electromagnetic brake-releasing device, and electromagnetic means actmg positively on said brake-releasing de ice torender the 1 same operative.

5. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake and a brake-applying device therefor, of a inainbrake magnet, connec--' tions between said magnet and the brake, an

mergencpbrahe magnet, and connections betweensaid emergency-brake magnet and said first-named connections to establish a fixed fulcrum in the latter when the emergency-brake magnet is energized and permit the 1110- the brake when the same is energized.

In brake apparatus, the combination with a main-brake'magnet, of an emergency brake ma net, a brake, brake-applying means, bra lre-releasin means, andpositive connections between the said brake-releasing means and said emergency-brake magnet to render the brake-releasing means operative only when the emergency-brake magnet is energized.

'2'. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake, of brake-applyingmeans, exgosed adjusting means for the latter, a main rake magnet, an auxiliary brake magnet, and means coacting withsaid magnets for releasing said brake. 8. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake and a brake appl device, of a main-brake m agnet and an auxi iary-b'rake magnet, means operated by both of said magnets for releasing the, brake, and a single brake-stand for supporting the said magnets, the brakeapplying device, and the brake-re, leasin device.

9-. n brake apparatus, the combination with a brake, of bi'akeeapplying means, a main-brake magnet, an emergency-brake magnet, an electric switch controlled by said last-named magnet, and connections between .theaforesaid parts to effect arelease of the brake when both magnets are energized, and the closing of the switch when the'main magnet is. denergized whether the auxiliary magnet is energized or not.

10.111 brake a ar'atus, the combination with a brake, of brake-applying means, a main-brake magnet, and an auxiliary-brake magnet, an armature for said auxiliary mag- I net, connections between said main magnet and said brake, a connecting-rod between sald armature and connections, and means coacting with said rod for relieving the strain on the armature when the emergency-brake magnet is deenergized and the main magnet lifts and lets fall the said armature.

1 1. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake and. a brakeapplying device, of a main magnet, an auxiliary magnet comprising a cup or pot nearly inclosing the coil and core of the magnet, an armature movable over said core and cup, loose connections between said main magnet and said brake and brake applying device, a connecting-rod between said armature and connections for establishing a fixed fulcrum in the latter when the auxiliary magnet is energized, and

means for relieving the strain of the armature on the cup when the armature is lifted by the main magnet through said coni1ections and connecting-rod '12. in brake apparatus, the combination with a brake. of brake-applying means, a main-brake magnet, an auxiliary-brake magnet, an electriclswitch controlled by the latsevens ten gnagnet, a rock-plate connecting said mainj magnet and brake, connections between an intermediate portion of said late and said emergency brake magnet to e eat a -fixed fulcrum at such intermediateporticn When the emergency-brake magnet 18 energized, and a bell-crank pivotedindependently -means.

'a brake, brake-ap .5

magnet, an auxi iary-brake magnet in air-- cuit with said safety-switch, an electric switch in circuit-with the'controlling-switch in thecar and held closed when the emen gency-or'ake magnet is energized, and means coacting withsardimagnets for releasing said brake Whenboth' inagnets are energized.

14.. In emergency-brake apparatus, the

combination with a brake, of a brake-applying device, a main magnet, an emergencymagnet normally energized, an armature for said emergency-magnet, an electric switch operated by said armature, a rock-plate connecting the main magnet to the brake and to the brake-applying device, an independentlymounted bell-crank connected to the brake and brake-applying device, a link connecting the armature and an intermediate portion of said rock-plate, a single brake-standfor the aforesaid parts, anda partition in said stand for limiting the movement of said armature against the emergency-brake magnet.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in'the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GRAHAM B. GROSVENOR.

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