US8366A - Stove - Google Patents

Description

'UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE.

GARDNER OHILSON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STOVE.

Speccation of Letters Patent No. 8,366, dated September 16, 1851.

To aZZ whom may concern:

Be it known that I, GARDNER Cr-IILsoN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparatus Applicable to Stoves, Furnaces, &c., and that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying draw.- ings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my said improvements, by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The distinguishing features of my improvements consistin elongating taperingand bending the fire chamber, so as to have three or more parallel or nearly parallel branches thereof, the tapering being gradual from the top of the fire pot or from the bottom of the stove to the point of exit which is at the end of the last branch of said fire chamber. The effect of this arrangement is such, that as the heat and other products of combustion become exhausted, the surface through which the heat is to be radiated is diminished accordingly, while the tapering of the lire chamber, keeps the products of combustion from escaping, until all the heat is extracted therefrom. I also, as a second improvement, combine with the arrangement above described, an attachment or cap, on the top of the same, which operates as a distributer and diffuser of the heat, by which the heat is prevented from being immediately concentrated in the upper part of the room, and a more even temperature is kept therein, cold air being supplied to this distributer, by a pipe conducting from the vicinity of the oor. f

The figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent my improvements.

Figure l is a front elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken in the plane of the line A B Fig. l and Fig. 3 is a side elevation a a a a is the tire pot which extends as high as the bottom of the door b b through which the fuel is fed. Said fire pot has at its bottom a circular grate c c' eccentrically hung, the ashes being sifted through the spaces in the grate, by the bent lever eZ, in the way well understood where the lever grates are used. The ash pit e e is beneath said grate c c and rests on the base or hearth plate j' f. The tire pot is broad and shallow, having a smaller diameter at the bottom than at the top, and rests on an annular bed plate above the ash pit e c, which extends to the outer casing. This arrangement, which is shown by dotted lines in Fig. l, leaves a space ZL ZL around the fire pot, which prevents the external air from coming in contact with the exterior of said pot, and keeps the fuel evenly ignited, causing slow combustion. The exterior casing z' Z, 7c Zu, and Z Z rests on the hearth plates, and, as above suggested, is formed into three branches, denoted by z' z', 7c 7c, and Z Z, the branch z' z' being an ascending flue, the branch 70 la a descending flue, and that denoted at Z Z being again an ascending flue, and the whole casing, above the top of the lire pot, forming a radiator, which has a regular taper from the base plate j f to the mouth of the third branch Z Z, 'which should be large enough to allow the smallest escape of smoke to keep the fuel ignited. The three branches should be of about an equal length, and may have the relative position shown in Fig. 2, or any other desired arrangement, being joined together by arches which have a regular curve, or with joints in them, as shown in the drawings.

Out of or near the center of the first arched bend, projects the smoke pipe m m, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, for the direct draft in kindling, in which a damper is fitted at n. n, so as to be very tight to be closed when the fire is kindled, and then the smoke, &c., is compelled to traverse the whole length of the radiator.

In or near the lower bend or arch, just above the base plate, is a door 0 Fig. 3, the object of which is, to remove the soot and ashes that may accumulate in the bend. rThis door also serves to ventilate the room when it becomes too warm or the air is impure, as by opening said door the air of the rcom will pass up through the branch Z Z and escape through its end or through the smoke pipe. The cap or distributer, above referred to, is represented at Q Q, and is of the shape of an inverted dish cover with a flaring edge fr r, and extending down some 15 inches or more. It rests, by means of the in its rear which tits over the smoke pipe m m. Cold air is supplied to this distributer by means of the long pipe u u, Which eX- tends to a pointI near the bottom of the apparatus, its top opening into the dist-ributer, about half Way up the same. This current of cold air, thus introduced, eXpels the heat that is radiated and collected under the cap, causing it to descend and mingle with the currents in the lower part of the room, in other Words, the cap catches the heat, and the current of cold air eXpels it, and diffuses the heat, making it mingle with the currents near the floor, in lieu of escaping immediately after being radiated, to the ceiling.

It will be seen that the discharging mouth of the radiator at the end of the branch Z Z thereof, enters into the smoke pipe m m through which the smoke, &c., in the direct draft for kindling passes, by Which arrangement, it Will be seen, that the cold air will be exhausted from the radiator into the smoke pipe While the fire is being kindled, and the long draft through the radiator, be

made more certain When the direct draft is 4 closed.

The distinguishing peculiarity, hereinabove described, of my improvements, viz., the tapering of the radiator and forming it in branches as set forth, produces an effect of consuming entirely the gases, &c., Without increasing the combustion of the fuel. This has been deemed a great desideratum in heat-ing apparat-us, and hitherto the consum- -ing of the gas has been only effected by introducing jets of cold air to ignite the gases, but this increases the combustion and consumption of the fuel.

Having thus described my improvements I shall stat-e my claims as follows.

What I claim as my invent-ion and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is*

Forming the tapering radiator produced by extending the fire chamber, as above set forth, in branches arranged With their center llines parallel to each other or nearly so and connected by arches, substantially in the manner above set forth.

' GARDNER CHILSON. Witnesses:

EzRA LINCOLN, HENRY F. CoNANT.

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