US8328439B2 - Electronic dampening for a camera crane - Google Patents
Electronic dampening for a camera crane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8328439B2 US8328439B2 US12/706,805 US70680510A US8328439B2 US 8328439 B2 US8328439 B2 US 8328439B2 US 70680510 A US70680510 A US 70680510A US 8328439 B2 US8328439 B2 US 8328439B2
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- variable resistor
- camera
- motors
- platform
- camera platform
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
- B66C13/066—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads for minimising vibration of a boom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F11/00—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for
- B66F11/04—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for for movable platforms or cabins, e.g. on vehicles, permitting workmen to place themselves in any desired position for carrying out required operations
- B66F11/048—Mobile camera platform
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
- F16M11/10—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a horizontal axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/2007—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment
- F16M11/2035—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment in more than one direction
- F16M11/2064—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment in more than one direction for tilting and panning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/24—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
- F16M11/26—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
- F16M11/28—Undercarriages for supports with one single telescoping pillar
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/42—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters with arrangement for propelling the support stands on wheels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
- G03B17/56—Accessories
- G03B17/561—Support related camera accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
- F16M2200/04—Balancing means
- F16M2200/041—Balancing means for balancing rotational movement of the head
Definitions
- the motion picture or television camera is typically mounted on a crane arm supported on a mobile base, dolly, or truck.
- the mobile base may be pushed and steered by hand.
- Some mobile bases also including conventional gasoline or diesel engines, may also serve as over the road vehicles.
- Camera cranes generally have a crane arm supported on a base, with a camera platform at one end of the arm, and a counter weight at the other end.
- the crane arm can be pivoted by hand to raise and lower the camera, and also to pan to the left or right side.
- the crane may have telescoping arm sections to provide an extended reach and more versatile camera movement in use, and a relatively compact size during transport and storage.
- a leveling system is often included to maintain the camera platform in a level orientation, as the elevation angle of the arm changes.
- Some camera cranes use a mechanical leveling system that includes cables attached to the camera platform. The cables generally keep the camera platform in a level position, regardless of the elevation angle of the crane arm.
- camera cranes may also include camera platform stabilization systems that actively and instantaneously act to correct out of level conditions, using position sensors and electric motors. See for example, U.S. Patent Application 2008/0002967 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,128,479 and 7,121,745, each incorporated herein by reference.
- the camera platform stabilization system may or may not be used, depending on various factors, such as the filming environment, the type of camera shot desired, the type of motion base that the crane is mounted on, and the speed and quality of the motion base movement. When the camera platform stabilization system is not used, the position of the camera platform is not actively controlled, except via the cables of the mechanical platform leveling system, which involves certain disadvantages.
- the camera platform may be stabilized by reducing or avoiding oscillating movement, when active stabilization systems are not used.
- a passive dampener resists the back driving of the motors used in an active stabilization system. This dampening or resistance to back driving the motors in turn dampens movement of the camera platform. Oscillations are reduced or avoided and the camera platform may return more quickly and smoothly to a level position.
- the dampener may be provided as an accessory.
- the accessory may be installed, or switched in, and used when desired.
- the accessory may include a circuit that connects the first and second motors in series, and connects the series output of the two motors to a variable resistor through a rectifier.
- a method for reducing oscillating movement of a camera platform on a camera crane may include the steps of disconnecting the motor drive unit from its electrical power source or motor controller.
- the motor drive unit is then connected to an electronic dampener.
- the electronic dampener may link the motors in series.
- the series current voltage output of the motors is connected to a resistor, electrically dampening oscillating movement of the camera platform.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a prior art camera crane in an extended position.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the camera crane of FIG. 1 now shown in a fully retracted position.
- FIG. 3 is a schematically illustrated perspective view of the camera crane shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the camera crane shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and further including an electronic dampener accessory.
- FIG. 5 is a front and side perspective view of the motor drive assembly shown in FIG. 4 , and also showing the camera platform gear segments shown in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the motor drive assembly shown in FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the dampener shown in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 8 is a top view of the dampener shown in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 is a side view of the dampener shown in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the dampener and motor drive assembly shown in FIG. 4 .
- a telescoping crane 22 is mounted onto a mobile base 24 .
- the mobile base 24 may be a truck or road vehicle or a motorized special purpose camera crane base or dolly.
- the mobile base 24 will have wheels which drive and steer the mobile base.
- Four-wheel drive and four-wheel steering may be provided.
- the mobile base 24 may be un-motorized, and may be moved or pushed by hand.
- the mobile base can have electric motors, or internal combustion engines, for driving the wheels.
- the crane 22 may be pivotally mounted on an axle on a U-shaped center post 26 which is rotatably mounted on the column 24 supported on the mobile base 20 .
- the crane arm can therefore pivot in elevation and rotate in azimuth or panning direction.
- the column 24 may be automatically leveled, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,747,424, incorporated herein by reference, to maintain the crane 22 in a level orientation as the mobile base 24 moves over uneven ground.
- the crane 22 may be a telescoping crane having one or more telescoping sections, such as a first fixed section 28 , and second and third telescoping sections 30 and 32 .
- a nose plate 34 is pivotally attached to the front end of the crane arm via a nose axle 44 .
- a camera head 36 or as shown in FIG. 4 , a camera platform 48 can be attached to the nose plate 34 .
- a camera 38 is attached to the head or platform.
- a camera platform leveling system 40 includes cables 42 attached to a pulley on a nose axle 44 .
- a platform drive system 50 includes a gear motor assembly 52 including first and second dc motors 62 and 64 driving first and second gears 58 and 60 engaged respectively to first and second gear segments 54 and 56 on the nose plate 34 .
- the drive system 50 can actively operate to keep the camera platform level and steady, despite varying loading conditions.
- the cables 42 of the mechanical leveling system act to keep the camera platform level.
- the cables 42 act in one direction, i.e., pulling the camera platform up (counter clockwise in FIGS. 1 and 2 ).
- high dynamic loads on the camera platform can cause slight amounts of elastic strain on the cables.
- the cables can alternately stretch and retract by small amounts. This causes the cables to act like a spring under certain loading conditions.
- the camera platform movement has little inherent dampening. Consequently, the elastic strain in the cables can result in oscillating movement of the camera platform. That is the elastic strain in the cables can cause the camera platform to overshoot from under level to over level.
- the camera platform then pivots back down (via gravity) past level, until the cables once again exert a counteracting force.
- This oscillation movement may continue for several cycles, causing noticeable and undesirable movement of the camera platform. This movement may be especially objectionable with high definition and three-dimensional cameras.
- an electronic dampener 100 as shown in FIGS. 7-10 may be used.
- the dampener 100 has a dampening circuit 108 within a housing 102 .
- the circuit includes a rectifier 112 linked to a variable resistor 114 , a fixed resistor 116 and a transistor 110 (FET).
- the variable resistor is adjustable via a knob on the outside of the housing 102 .
- the transistor 110 is mounted on a heat sink 118 in the housing 102 .
- the bottom surface 120 of the housing 102 may also be adapted to conduct heat from the housing to a supporting surface.
- the rectifier may be a four diode bridge, such as a W01M-BP and the transistor may be a 2N3773.
- the variable resistor 114 may be adjustable from 1 to 10,000 ohms, while the fixed resistor 116 may be 150 ohms.
- the transistor helps to make dampening adjustments linear with turning movement of the knob of the variable resistor.
- the transistor also helps to reduce the size of the variable resistor.
- the gear motor assembly is connected via a connector 70 and a power/control cable 72 to motor controllers which separately connect to and independently control the first and second motors 60 and 62 . This allows the motors to stabilize the camera platform, while optionally also operating with zero backlash, as described in Patent Application No. 2008/0002967.
- the connector 70 on the gear motor assembly 52 is removed.
- the dampener 100 is then electrically connected to the gear motor assembly 52 via a jumper cable 122 which mates with the connector 104 on the dampener 100 , at one end, and to the connector 70 on gear motor assembly 52 , at the other end.
- the jumper cable 122 also connects the first and second motors 62 and 64 in series, as shown in FIG. 10 .
- the output of the series connected motors is connected to opposite sides of the rectifier, i.e. to terminals 2 and 4 of the bridge 112 .
- the base of the transistor remains positively biased regardless of the direction of movement.
- the connector 104 on the dampener may be adapted to mate directly with the connector 70 on the gear motor assembly 52 , for example, as a plug in accessory. In this case, no jumper cable 122 is used.
- the other pair of opposite terminals 1 and 3 are connected to opposite ends of the variable resistor 114 .
- the emitter and collector of the transistor 116 are also connected to the opposite sides of the variable resistor 114 .
- the base of the transistor 116 is connected to the intermediate variable position terminal of the variable resistor 114 .
- the dampener 100 may be mounted on the nose plate, the camera platform, the arm, or any other convenient location.
- the variable resistor 114 may be adjusted by turning the knob on the housing 102 , or it may be adjusted remotely.
- the motors act as generators in series, with their voltages added.
- the rectifier 112 provides forward current to the variable resistor 114 .
- Current flows from the collector to the emitter of the transistor 116 , in proportion to the voltage applied to the base of the transistor.
- the voltage applied to the base varies with the setting of the variable resistor 114 , and the current passing through R 1 in FIG. 10 .
- the dampener 100 When the variable resistor is set to high resistance, e.g., 10,000 ohms, the dampener 100 provides a high level of mechanical dampening or resistance to movement. When the variable resistor is set to low or no resistance, the dampener provides little or no dampening. The dampener 100 places an electrical load on the back driven motors 62 and 64 . This increases the drag on the motors. Consequently, movement of the camera platform is dampened. To select a preferred amount of dampening, the user can manually displace the camera platform from level, and then release the platform while observing the camera platform movement. If the camera platform returns to level too slowly (an over damped condition), dampening can be decreased by increasing the resistance of the variable resistor 114 . If the camera platform significantly overshoots through the level position, (under damped condition), dampening can similarly be increased.
- high resistance e.g. 10,000 ohms
- the dampener 100 may be used when the crane is being transported, on the mobile base 20 or otherwise, to reduce movement of the camera platform.
- the dampener may also be desirable when the crane is used on a camera car.
- the electrical platform drive system 50 is off. With many or most cranes, this allows the camera platform to move relatively freely, making camera mounting difficult. In some cases, camera mounting has typically required two people, one to hold the camera platform steady and the other to mount the camera.
- Use of the dampener prevents the camera platform from moving freely, which can simplify mounting a camera on the platform, even by a single person.
- the dampener 100 may also be used in place of other damped shock/vibration isolator accessories often used on camera cranes.
- the dampener 100 used on crane have a mechanical cable leveling system
- the dampener may also be used on any other type of camera crane using one or more electric motors to position or level the camera platform.
- the dampener may be hard wired into the motor(s) and switched in and out as desired, or it may be provided as a separate accessory connectable directly to the motor or motor assembly, with or without a jumper cable.
- the dampener may allow for continued use of the crane during an electrical failure of the platform drive system.
- dampener 100 may simply provide a fixed or variable resistance, without using the transistor. It is also not necessary to connect the motors in series, since the output of each back driven motor may be separately damped in separate circuits.
- the dampener may also be used with a crane having an active stabilizing system using a single motor, or more than two motors. The invention, therefore, should not be limited, except to the following claims and their equivalents.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/706,805 US8328439B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2010-02-17 | Electronic dampening for a camera crane |
CA2769201A CA2769201C (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2010-08-06 | Electronic damping for a camera crane |
PCT/US2010/044792 WO2011017670A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2010-08-06 | Telescoping camera crane |
EP10807266.1A EP2462485B1 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2010-08-06 | Telescoping camera crane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/706,805 US8328439B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2010-02-17 | Electronic dampening for a camera crane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110200320A1 US20110200320A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
US8328439B2 true US8328439B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/706,805 Active 2030-12-18 US8328439B2 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2010-02-17 | Electronic dampening for a camera crane |
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US (1) | US8328439B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9507244B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2016-11-29 | Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment, Inc. | Lightweight telescoping camera crane |
US10401709B2 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2019-09-03 | Sz Dji Osmo Technology Co., Ltd. | Weight component, a weight mechanism having the weight component, and a gimbal |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO337712B1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2016-06-06 | Nat Oilwell Varco Norway As | Device and method for reducing dynamic loads in cranes |
DE102010027248A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Sensodrive Gmbh | Holding device for an instrument |
EP3032160B1 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2018-10-03 | Cartoni S.p.A. | Improved counterbalancing structure |
US11422437B2 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-08-23 | Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment, Inc. | Telescoping electric camera crane |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US1317266A (en) * | 1919-09-30 | candee and h | ||
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US2523142A (en) * | 1946-05-07 | 1950-09-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Control system |
US2472944A (en) | 1947-03-31 | 1949-06-14 | Furer | Gyroscopically stabilized camera boom |
US3434025A (en) | 1966-08-23 | 1969-03-18 | Northern Electric Co | Drive system employing dual motors |
US3588661A (en) | 1968-04-24 | 1971-06-28 | Mesur Matic Electronics Corp | Electronic damping for stepping motors |
US4008426A (en) | 1974-11-28 | 1977-02-15 | Jeco Co., Ltd. | Electronic speed control systems for miniature direct current motors |
US4657220A (en) | 1984-09-01 | 1987-04-14 | W. Vinten Ltd. | Television camera mounting equipment |
DE3628782A1 (en) | 1986-08-25 | 1988-03-03 | Hans H Heller | Camera crane dolly for film or television recording |
US4907768A (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1990-03-13 | Masseron Alain O F | Telescoping crane |
US5047703A (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1991-09-10 | Koji Akamatsu | Motor driving device |
US4943019A (en) | 1988-12-30 | 1990-07-24 | Technovision Cameras Limited | Levelling system for camera cranes |
US4952953A (en) | 1989-06-28 | 1990-08-28 | Johan Ridderstolpe | Camera mounting arrangement |
US5697757A (en) | 1992-12-01 | 1997-12-16 | Vitec Group, Plc. | Counter-balanced load carriers |
US5856862A (en) | 1994-04-29 | 1999-01-05 | Kokush; Anatoly Akimovich | Boom camera crane |
JPH0868493A (en) | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-12 | Shiyoutoku Seisakusho:Kk | Camera crane |
US5781814A (en) | 1995-08-14 | 1998-07-14 | Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment | Camera crane arm |
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US10401709B2 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2019-09-03 | Sz Dji Osmo Technology Co., Ltd. | Weight component, a weight mechanism having the weight component, and a gimbal |
US9507244B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2016-11-29 | Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment, Inc. | Lightweight telescoping camera crane |
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