US831342A - Grate. - Google Patents

Description

GRATE. APPLICATION FILED 111cm, 1905.

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No. V831,311.2.

F. G. HEATH.

GRATB. APPLoATIoN FILED AUG. a, 1905.

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F. C. HEATH.

GRATE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.3,1905.

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PATENTED SEPT.. 18, 1906.

F. C. HEATH.

GRATE. -APPLIGATION FILED AUGJd, 1905.

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PATENT oEEroE.

FRANK C. HEATH, OF REVERE, MASSACHUSETTS.

GRATE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 18, 1906.

Application filed August 3. 1905. Serial No. 272,532.

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Be it known that 1, FRANK C. HEATH, of Revere, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grates, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to shaking-grates of the type which has a plurality of bars movable longitudinally to break up the ashes and clinkers and separate the ash from the coal and its objects are to furnish -such grates with provisions by Which they may resist injury from the heat of the fire, to prevent the moving parts becoming clogged by the ash, to gain as large a proportion of air-space as is possible consistently with strength, to secure the maximum strength with the minimum weight, and to make the parts reversible, interchangeable, adjustable, and incapable of being injured by unskilled and incompetent hands.

Accordingly the invention consists in a grate having the improved details of construction which T will now proceed to describe and claim and which are illustrated in the drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a plan view of an improved grate constructed in accordance with my present invention. F ig` 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section of the same, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a plan of the operating mechanism for shaking the grate-bars, the bars being removed. Fig. 4 represents a plan view of the under side of one of thereciprocable gratebars. Fig. 5 represents a side elevation of a detail of the operating mechanism. Fig. 6 represents an elevation of one of the rockshafts. Fig. 7 represents a perspective View of the grate, parts being removed. Figs. 8 and 9 represent a plan and an elevation, respectively, of a grate-bar having detachable sections. Figs. 10 and 11 represent an under plan and an elevation, respectively, of one of the detachable grate-bar sections. Fig. 12 represents a cross-section of one oi the grate-bars. Fig. 13 represents a crosssection on line 13 13 of Fig. 8.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

The supporting-framework for the grate consists of end bars 1 and side bars 2, which may be supported by any suitable desired means in a fire-box or furnace inclosure. The sidey bars 2 support rock-shafts 3 4,

which are symmetrically mounted adjacent the ends of the grate-frame, each rock-shaft being separated from the adjacent end of the grate by the same distance as the other. The rock-shafts rest upon the side bars and are held in proper relation thereto by depending projections 5 on the shaft straddling the bars and studs 6, arranged in pairs on the side bars, each pair embracing one of the projections 5. Extending downward from the rock-shaft 4 is an arm 7, which carries a double socket 8, adapted to receive the end of a shaker-bar 9, which may be detachably set in either end of the socket, so as. to project either forward or rearward,

Where it may be manually engaged and operated to oscillate the rock-shaft.

A connecting-rod 10 is detachably engaged with the arm 7 and with an arm 11, projecting upwardly from the rock-shaft 3, whereby when shaft-4 is oscillated shaft 3 is simultaneously rocked in the contrary directions. The connecting-rod is detachably engaged with the respective arms of the rock-shafts by means of headed studs or buttons 12 13, respectively, the heads of which are elongated, having one dimension substantially the same as the diameter of the shank of the stud and the other dimension considerably greater. rod has slots 14 in its ends shaped correspondingly to the heads of the studs, so as to slip thereover and when turned so that the slots are inclined to the heads are held thereby on the studs. The slots and studheads are so arranged that when the connecting-rod and rock-shafts occupy their normal positions the heads are inclined relatively to the slots to prevent accidental detachment of the connecting-rod. The rock-shaft 3 also has a downwardly-extending arm 15 and shaft 4, an upward arm 16 being provided with similar studs, so that the points of attachment of the connecting-rod to the rock-shafts may be reversed in case one of the studs or arms of either rock-shaft should break or whenever such reversal may be necessary or desirable.

Each of the rook-shafts is provided with upstanding projections or tongues 17 and 18,

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respectively, these projections being equally h IIO grate-bars 20, and to turn therein. The bars 20 are arranged longitudinally of the grate parallel to the side bars 2, and each is engaged with one of the projections on one of the rock-shafts, alternating bars being connected at corresponding ends with the projections 17 and the intermediate bars being correspondingly connected at the other ends with the projections 18. rock-shafts are oscillated in the manner above described the grate-bars 2O are reciprocated in the direction of their length, each bar moving in the opposite direction from that taken by its neighbor.

Each of the projections 17 18 on the rockshafts is flanked on each side by supporting flanges 21 22, respectively, the surfaces of which are segments of circles concentric with the axes of therockers which engage the under surfaces of the grate-bars on both sides of the sockets 19 and support one end of each of the bars, the other ends being supported by roller-rods 23 24, resting on portions 25 26 of the side bars which form tracks.

The sockets 19 extend upwardly into the grate-bars, partially but not entirely through the same, the upper surfaces of the bars extending uninterruptedly over the sockets and closing their upper ends. They are also inclosed on all sides except at the bottom, so that there is no opportunity for ash to get into the sockets and obstruct and hinder the operation of the tongues 17 18. Grates of this` general character have been hitherto made in which the attachment between the movable bars and the rocking members are exposed, so as to permit ashes and bits of coal to work between them and so prevent their proper action; but this result is wholly avoided by the construction above described.

The longitudinally-movable bars 2O have fingers 27 extending from their ends in the direction of their lengths, and these ngers project between complemental fingers 28, formed laterallyupon transverse corrugated header-bars 29, arranged at the ends of the furnace inclosure perpendicular to,the bars 20. The fingers 28 of these bars are separated from each other by spaces 30, which extend entirely across the bars throughout their whole width, and thus leave no obstructing shoulders in line with the ends of the fingers 27, where ash can collect and obstruct the motion of the movable bars. The bars 29 are duplicates of each other, so that they may be interchanged, and so, also, are the bars 20videntical with each other and interchangeable, and each of these last-named bars has two sockets 19, which fits it to be engaged with either rock-shaft, whereby any of the bars may occupy a position at any part of the grate or may be turned end for end,

The end grateebars or headers 29 are formed with longitudinal webs 3 1 to which the fingers 28 are attached, and the movable bars 2O also Thereby when the have their under parts formed as webs 32, extending downward from the central ribs of these bars and varying in depth to form an inverted arch. These webs 31 and 32 are corrugated transversely of their length, forming perpendicular arches or flutings which permit the bars to expand and contract longitudinally without breaking or injuring the webs.

The bars 20 are constructed, as usual, with lateral fingers 33 projecting perpendicularly from the central rib, those on one side being intermediate those on the other side of the rib and also being arranged to extend outward from the crowns of the perpendicular arches, one lug projecting from each crown. As the crowns on one side of the rib are depressions on the other, this gives the staggered arrangement of the lugs. One of the novel improvements of this invention consists in grooving the tops of bars 20, making the central portions 34 longitudinally depressed and forming lateral concavities 35, extending along the tops of the fingers 33. These grooves are shallow, being slight depressions in the fuel-supporting surfaces of the bars, and serve to permit fine ash to collect on the surfaces beneath the bed of hot fuel, which acts as a non-conducting blanket and prevents burning of the bars and fingers, also preventing slag or clinkers from burning onto the surface of the iron. These grooves also form rough uneven surfaces, whichwhen agitated sift the ashes and clear the grates of ashes and clinkers more quickly.

As the lateral fingers of each of the gratebars project toward those of the adjacent bars, there is danger that the fingers might become engaged and interlocked with each other in case the bars 2O should become displaced or warped, and in order to guard against such a contingency I provide on each side of the bars at their central portions spacing projections 36, which are practically of equal length or 'area and extend laterally from the central portions of the bars a greater distance than do the fingers, so that the outer sides of these projections are extended beyond the ends of the fingers. Owing to the symmetrical construction of the bars 20, these projections on adjacent bars are arranged side by side, and they extend in the direction of the length of the bars a greater distance than the amplitude of vibration or amount of travel of the bars when the grate is shaken, so that they never pass by each TOO other, but are always arranged so as partially to overlap. Therefore if a bar should become warped or displaced the spacing projections would be the only parts to come into contact with the adjacent bars, and they would prevent the fingers from becoming caught. The outer sides 37 of these spacing projections are corrugated, so as to break up the ash and clinker when the bars are reciprocated and also to provide air-passages. There are also provided air-passages 38 between the central ribs of the bars and the outer portions yof these projections. By making the two projections 36 of each bar substantially equal in length or area and opposite each other a bar cannot be so placed in position as to interfere with the described functions of said projections.

Each grate-bar may be made of one piece, the webbed fuel-supporting surface and fingers being integral; but I prefer to make these bars with the fuel-supporting portions detachable and removable, so that whenever one part becomes burned out or distorted it can be removed and another substituted without requiring the substitution of an entire new bar. Figs. 8 and 9 show the construction of a bar as a whole when fitted with the detachable supporting-sections, and Figs. lO and 11 show one of the sections detached. The detachable sections consist of short pieces 39, each of which has a few fingers 33 projecting from opposite sides and arranged so that the fingers on one side are directly opposite the spaces between the fingers on the other side, and on the under side of these sections are formed depending lugs 40, which are also given a staggered arrangement and are adapted to embrace the web 32 when the sections are applied to the bar, the lugs being then placed in the depressions formed on opposite sides of the web by the corrugations. The arrangement of fingers and lugs is such that when the sections are in place the fingers project on each side from the crowns of the corrugations. The web also has lateral lugs 41 integrally formed thereon, which are arranged similarly to fingers 33 and act to support the latter when the removable sections are in place. These lastnamed lugs are covered by the fingers, and so are protected from injury by the fire.

All of the members, of which there are two or more in the grate, are duplicates. In other words, the headers are exactly alike, the bars are exactly alike, and so, also, the two rock-shafts and the two roller-rods. This not only reduces the cost of making by requiring the least possible variety of patterns for the castings, but it simplifies the matter of assembling to such an extent that a most inexperienced person would have diciculty in getting the parts misplaced. For instance, the grate-bars can be placed in position with either end at the front of the grate, and. no difference in their functions or operations can result. Moreover, but a small stock of renewable parts need be kept on hand to replace damaged members.

l. A shaking-grate comprising a series of duplicate bars placed side by side and movable freely endwise, their fuel-supporting surfaces being always in one plane, each bar consisting of a longitudinal vertically-corrugated web and lateral separated fingers extending from opposite sides thereof, the corrugations of the web permitting expansion and contraction of .the bar without injury to the web g duplicate headers at the ends, and two pairs of duplicate movable supports for the end portions of the bars whereby the latter are permitted to elongate and shorten freely.

Y 2. A shaking-grate comprising a headerbar at each end the headers being duplicates and each being formed of a verticallycorrugated web and transverse fuel-holding fingers entirely separate from each other, the spaces between the fingers and the corrugated webs permitting free longitudinal expansion and contraction of the headers duplicate longitudinal grate-bars having lateral fuel-supporting fingers in the same plane with each other and with the surfaces of the headers and longitudinal fingers at their ends projecting' between the fingers of the headers and duplicate rockers and rollers supporting the longitudinal bars. adjacent their ends, the bars having longitudinal ribs vertically corrugated to permit elongation and contraction without fracture thereof, and the rollers permitting such elongation and contraction to take place freely.

3. A grate comprising a plurality of longitudinally-reciprocable bars, each having a longitudinal stiffening-web on its under side, the web being of uniform thickness up and down and tapered in depth from center to ends, and transversely corrugated uniformly from top to bottom of the web to provide alternate rounded projections and depressions, the depressions on one side being opposite the projections on the other, whereby longitudinal expansion and contraction is permitted, and the bars having lateral fingers oppositely and alternately varranged to extend outward from the projections.

4. A grate comprising a series of bars having fuel-supporting surfaces movable longitudinally and oppositely in one plane and adapted to support fuel over their entire lengths; rock-shafts adjacent the ends of the grate, each having projecting segmental surfaces adapted to support one end of every other bar, the bars having sockets in their under sides covered above by the fuel-supporting surfaces and inclosed by the sides of vthe bars; said rock-shafts having tongues projecting from the segmental surfaces lying within the sockets, whereby oscillation of the rock-shafts is adapted to reciprocate the bars.

5. A grate comprising a series of bars having fuel-supporting surfaces movable longitudinally and oppositely in one plane and adapted to support fuel over their entire lengths; rock-shafts adjacent the ends of the grate and having projections extending there- IIO from, each consisting of a tongue and segmental surfaces close to and on opposite sides of the tongue, one end of each alternate gratebar resting on a segmental surface; and the bars having downwardly-opening sockets covered above by the fuel-supporting surfaces and inclosed on all sides, receiving the tongues, whereby oscillation of the rocl shafts is adapted to reciprocate the bars.

6. A grate comprising a frame; rock-shafts supported thereon, arms extending upwardly and downwardly from each rock-shaft, each arm provided with a stud having a shank and an elongated head, a connecting-rod having slots corresponding in outline to the heads and engaged with the studs of the upwardlyextending arm of one rock-shaft and the downwardly-extending arm of the other, said connecting-rod being also adapted to be engaged with the studs on the downward arm of the first rock-shaft and the upward arm of the second, and a plurality of endwise-movable grate-bars each engaged with one of said rock-shafts for movement thereby in opposite directions.,

7. A grate comprising a frame; a rocker and a roller mounted, adjacent each end of the frame; said rockers having projections each consisting of a tongue and segmental flanges on opposite sides thereof, said projections being spaced apart and those of one rocker situated opposite the spaces of the other rocker j. grate-bars each resting near one end on the segmental flanges of one of said projections and near the other end passing between the projections of the other rocker and resting on the adjacent roller, the bars having downwardly-opening, but otherwise entirely inclosed, sockets receiving the tongues, one tongue being thus engaged with each bar; and connections for causing the rockers to be oscillated simultaneously in opposite directions, whereby adjacent bars are reciprocated oppositely. j

8. A grate comprising parallel, movable fuel-supporting bars, mechanism for oppositely-reciprocating alternate bars in the direction of their lengths, said bars having iingers projecting laterally toward the adjacent bars and also spacing projections extending laterally beyond the ends of the fingers, the said projections of each bar being substantially equal in length or area and located beside those of the adjacent bars and extending longitudinally of the lbars a greater distance than the amplitude of vibration thereof, said -projections being also grooved or corrugated vertically on their outer sides.

9, Agrate comprising supports, a plurality of bars each mounted on said supports with their fuel-supporting surfaces in one plane so as to be movable longitudinally in said plane, each bar consisting of a central web of substantially equal thickness from top to bottom and vertically corrugated to form alternate rounded protuberances on each side thereof, and ngers projecting laterally on opposite sides of the bar from said protuberances, spaces being left between the iingers opposite the depressions, the bars being longitudinally and centrally grooved and the fingers being grooved on their upper surfaces.

10. A grate comprising a plurality of duplicate longitudinally-reciprocable bars, each consisting of a central web having vertical corrugations forming alternate rounded pro jections and depressions on opposite sides thereof, each depression on one side being opposite a projection on the other side, detachable fuel-supporting sections mounted on said web and having laterally-projecting fingers on opposite sides out of alinement, and lugs depending from the said sections and arranged to slide in the depressions in opposite sides of the web and being wholly clear of the projections, the said fingers being directly above the alternate projections of the web.

In testimony whereof I have a'HiXed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK C. HEATH.

Witnessesc.

ARTHUR H. BROWN, A. C. RATIGAN.

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