US818534A - Apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia. - Google Patents

Apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia. Download PDF

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US818534A
US818534A US26525805A US1905265258A US818534A US 818534 A US818534 A US 818534A US 26525805 A US26525805 A US 26525805A US 1905265258 A US1905265258 A US 1905265258A US 818534 A US818534 A US 818534A
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character
electrical
rays
indicating
vacuum
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Leon Gerard
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details

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  • the eflicient character or condition of the efliuvia is' accompanied by the roduction of special rays by the vacuum-tn e, and the absence of these rays will indicate the necessity for the adjustment of the apparatus to reestablish the most efi'ective conditions.
  • the physical analysis of the rays emitted by the vacuumtube can be made by means of appliances suitable to the particular character of the rays which it is desired to observe, whether these be luminous rays, X-rays, or cathode rays, as will be well understood.
  • the observation can be made and permanently' recorded by means of a traveling photographic sensitive strip upon which the rays will be received, and where the conditions require it therays can be separated spectroscopicallybefore being received upon the photographic surface.
  • This last method is particularly useful where the electrical effluvia is produced by high-frequency oscillations, sincethe efiicient character or condition of the efliuvia in this case is accom anied by the production of ultra-violet rays by the vacuum-tube.
  • the light emitted by the vacuum-tube being separated into its constituent elements by a suitable prism before being projected upon the photographic sensitive surface the presence of the ultra-violet rays can be readily observed.
  • the photographic sensitive surface may be fed through the apparatus with a constant rate of progression by suitable clockwork and through proper developing and fixin baths, thereby giving a continuous record of the result.
  • 5 is a screen, preferably of metallic lead, and provided with an opening to roduce a pencil of light from the vacuum-tn e.
  • the prism 6 will be omitted and the pencil of rays will be thrown directlyon the surface 7, which will be placed close to the screen 5.
  • the opening of this screen would be placed aluminium, ivory, or other suitable material to strain out a certain part of the rays.
  • What I claim is- 1.
  • An apparatus for indicatingthe character of electrical efl'luvia wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube connected in circuit with the discharge-gap, and means for observing the rays produced by the vacuum-tube, substantially as set forth.
  • An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the dischar e-ga and means for observing the rays prot 1106( by the vacuumtube, substantially as set forth.
  • An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the discharge-gap, and means for photographically recording the character of the rays produced by the vacuum-tube, substantially as 'set forth.
  • An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical efiiuvia wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the discharge-ga means for separating the rays produced y said vacuumtube into their constituent elements, and means for recording the character of said separated ra s hoto 'ra hicall substantiall for ro'ectin said se )arated ra *s u on said 6 3 P o P l 3 fl J C l 3 P as set forth. sur ce, substantially as set forth.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Description

No. 818,534. PATENTED APR. 24, 1906. L. GERARD. APPARATUS FOR INDICATINGTHE CHARACTER OF ELECTRICAL EPPLUVIA.
APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1905.
Witnesses A 0% f Inventor I y I A I I! r Attorneys.
UNITED STATES PATENT LEON GERARD, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, ASSIGNOR TO PERCY THOMPSON, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE CHARACTER OF ELECTRICAL EFFLUVIA.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Eatented April 24:, 1906.
Application filed June 14,1905. Serial No. 265,258.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, LEON GERARD, a subj ect of the King of Belgium, residing at Brussels, Belgium, have invented a new and use-' ful Apparatus for Indicating the Character of Electrical Eflluvia, of which the following is a description.
In the production and utilization of electrical efiiuvia in chemical operations, such as for ozonizing air for the purification of water, the efficiency of the operation de ends upon the character of the electrical e uvia, and while this may be to a certain extent ascertained by the ordinary electrical measuring or indicating instrumentsi. e., voltmeters, ammeters, and wattmeters-I have found that a more accurate indication of the conditions producing desirable physical and chemical actions is furnished by shunting the discharge-gap bya vacuum-tube and by subjecting the rays emitted by the vacuum-tube to physical analysis and observation. The eflicient character or condition of the efliuvia is' accompanied by the roduction of special rays by the vacuum-tn e, and the absence of these rays will indicate the necessity for the adjustment of the apparatus to reestablish the most efi'ective conditions. The physical analysis of the rays emitted by the vacuumtube can be made by means of appliances suitable to the particular character of the rays which it is desired to observe, whether these be luminous rays, X-rays, or cathode rays, as will be well understood. In the case of luminous rays the observation can be made and permanently' recorded by means of a traveling photographic sensitive strip upon which the rays will be received, and where the conditions require it therays can be separated spectroscopicallybefore being received upon the photographic surface. This last method is particularly useful where the electrical effluvia is produced by high-frequency oscillations, sincethe efiicient character or condition of the efliuvia in this case is accom anied by the production of ultra-violet rays by the vacuum-tube. The light emitted by the vacuum-tube being separated into its constituent elements by a suitable prism before being projected upon the photographic sensitive surface the presence of the ultra-violet rays can be readily observed. In cases Where the photographic sensitive surface is employed it may be fed through the apparatus with a constant rate of progression by suitable clockwork and through proper developing and fixin baths, thereby giving a continuous record of the result.
In the drawing there is shown'diagrammatically one means for carrying the invention into effect.
1 is the gas-gap at which the silent electrical discharge or eflluvia is produced, which gasgap is connected with a circuit 2 3, inwhich flow oscillatory currents of high frequency.
4 is a vacuum-tube which is connected with the circuit 2 3 in shunt to the gas-gap 1.
5 is a screen, preferably of metallic lead, and provided with an opening to roduce a pencil of light from the vacuum-tn e.
6 is a suitable prism for separating the penoil of light into its constituent rays.
7 is the traveling photographic surface.
In the case of the analysis of cathodic or X rays the prism 6 will be omitted and the pencil of rays will be thrown directlyon the surface 7, which will be placed close to the screen 5. In the opening of this screen would be placed aluminium, ivory, or other suitable material to strain out a certain part of the rays.
What I claim is- 1. An apparatus for indicatingthe character of electrical efl'luvia, wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube connected in circuit with the discharge-gap, and means for observing the rays produced by the vacuum-tube, substantially as set forth.
2. An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia, wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the dischar e-ga and means for observing the rays prot 1106( by the vacuumtube, substantially as set forth.
3. An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia, wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the discharge-gap, and means for photographically recording the character of the rays produced by the vacuum-tube, substantially as 'set forth.
4. An apparatus for indicating the character of electrical efiiuvia, wherein are combined a discharge-gap, a vacuum-tube placed in shunt to the discharge-ga means for separating the rays produced y said vacuumtube into their constituent elements, and means for recording the character of said separated ra s hoto 'ra hicall substantiall for ro'ectin said se )arated ra *s u on said 6 3 P o P l 3 fl J C l 3 P as set forth. sur ce, substantially as set forth.
5. An apparatus for indicating the cl1arac- This specification signed and witnessed this tcr of electrical eflluvia, wherein are com- 12th day of June, 1905. b1ne(l a (lischargegap, a vacuum-tube placed LEON GERARD 1n shunt t0 the discharge-gap,1ncansf0rseparating the rays produced by said vacuuln- Witnesses: tube into their constituent elcine11ts,atravel- JAS. F. COLEMAN,
in g photographic sensitive surface, and means JOHN SHOKET.
US26525805A 1905-06-14 1905-06-14 Apparatus for indicating the character of electrical effluvia. Expired - Lifetime US818534A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2423459A (en) * 1942-09-15 1947-07-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency selective apparatus
US2929294A (en) * 1956-09-07 1960-03-22 Kardas Raymond Stanley Pendulum type spectrograph

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2423459A (en) * 1942-09-15 1947-07-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency selective apparatus
US2929294A (en) * 1956-09-07 1960-03-22 Kardas Raymond Stanley Pendulum type spectrograph

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