US815743A - Governing mechanism for turbines. - Google Patents

Description

No. 815,743. 'PATB'NTED MAR. 20, 1906.

a. H. RIOS.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLIOATIQH FILED SEPT. L 1905.

5 v I nvenbo wmness Richar ;l-H.F ice, $12 i 6 W By PATENTED MAR. 20, 1906.

R. H. RICE.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1,1B05.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

P: A V m. @H Q 7 v N sa 2; mm 7 m oh 0. Q MW u Q w\ mm mm I nvenhor:

Richard Fflce, y a; Ntby.

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UNITED STATES RICHARD H. RICE, OF SWAMPSUO'iT, MASSACHUSE'I PATENT OFF] (3E.

ASSlQ NOR TO GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 20, 1906.

Application filed September 1, 1905. Serial No; $56,667.

1'!) all, wiimn, it 11141.11 concern:

Be it. known that I, RI HAR R C citizen of the United States, res-nhru' t Kiss- 5 sec USEUTJh D-Avu n ungi -ertain new and useful Improvements in Governin ufl h o ism for Turbines, of which the following is a specification. f

The present invention relates to 'ovcrning I0 mechanisms for turbines Whcrcint w nozzlevslves are mechanienll and dircctiy actuated, both in opening and ciosing, as the demand ior'cnergy increases or decreases, and is an improvement over that disclosed in my 2313,1599, filed December 9, 1904. The object of the invention isto improve the valve mechanism by simplifving the construction, decreasing the numher of parts, and reducing the amount of machine-work, thereby reducing the initial cost and that of maintenance. In carrying out my invention as many ivalvcs are provided as are necessary to han- 2 die the volume of motive fluid. The admission ofnny kind of motive fluid may be con: f trolled by these valves; but for the purpose of this description I will refer to it as steam. The valves are suitably nrran ed with respect 0 to the nozzles or other stccm-admittin I do virus. The valves ma. control the 8K mission of steam to the tur iine or the assngc of steam between stages, or both. T c actuating mechanism for each valve is the same as 5 that of any other valve, so a description of one will suilice for all. Each valve is pro vided with a. suitable stem for actuating it. The stcn preferably, but not necessarily, in:- cludes a sprin outside of the steam-space, 0 which insures t e pro )er seating of the valve without ounding. he and 0f the store is elongatmiandnrranged to cooperate with the 7 actuating mechanism. This elongation may he formed integral with the stem or separate- 5 therefrom. By preference the stem is rustic in two arts, one of which passes through the valve-c rest and is connected to the valve and constitutes the stem proper, while the other serves as a part of the actuating mechanism and may he termed a cross-head. Considered in its broadest aspect, the stem in eludes both the stem proper and the crosshead, while in a more limited aspectthe stem and cross-head may be considered as sepsrct'c elements. The cross-head is moved 1on gitudinallv by dogs that are mounted on t motor which is constamgiv moved to andfro by a suitable means. no at s tune those dhgs directly engage and move the crossnem-J-end b so doing oliviste the use of the pivotally-suppbrren sz-m i m de i for &c., o the prior application. B the use of the cam-plate the num )er of parts is decreased, the amount of machine-work is materially reduced, and the parts made of a. more sim lo and durnhlc character. The cross-head; for the valves are slotted longi- .tudinnily to receive the ends-of the actuating-dogs and also of the shield-plates, that obviating determine whether or not the dogs shall engage and move ihc valves. A shield-plate is provided l' or each valve to determine thesetion of the dogs thereon, and these are set one behind the other to insure successive movements ofthc valves, both in opening 11nd closing. The shield-plates are pivotally supported on one side of the stems, and the motor or steam-iever has the same pivot whiie the operating arts thereof are situated on the opposite sue of the stein, thereby grcstiy simplifying the construction and reducin V to a minimum the amount of space rerpiiret by the parts. This arrangement has t 1e vex-Iv great advantage of havin the valve parts a ined with guides above an below the actuating devices. The steam-levers are constsntly moved to and fro in the present instencc the motion is a roosting one about a. "van axis) b a crank and connecting-rods ivcn from t e main shaft of the turbine being governed. The shield-plates have a commore support which is pivotaily supported and connected by rods with a governor re s onsive to load changes. The spindles for t e steam-levers and shield-pistes and also the guides for the cross-heads are carried by 'a frame that is detachably sccuredto the valve chest. V The cylindrical guides for the osed in parallel relation cross-heads are d. V

by successive operations and ass be finish on the some drilling-machine. The bearings for supporting the spindles for the steers-le vers and the shieldlates are formed inthe same casting with t e guides, and being at right angles thereto it is a simple matter to 1o vidual pieces counterparts no trouble is we machine them. Moreover, the character of the work s so sim 1e that it can be done bv even relat vely uns tilled workmen. By having the parts above specified supported by a frame separable from the valvechest and having the valve-stems and crossheads se arable the actuating mechanism can read y be removed or replaced without disturbing the valves. By making the inditionalized expanding-nozzle 18, tlic-lattcr being bolted to the under side of the valvechest-dil. Mounted in the valve chcst is a plural ty of valves 19, each having a stem comprised, essentially, of two parts, one of which extends through the melting 21 while the other is mounted in aframe 22, that is bolted to the upper side of the valve-chest. For convenience the upper portion 23 of the valve-stem may be termed a "cross-head. Tins cross-head is provided with guides in the frame 22 and is revented from turnin by the feather or spline 24. The cross-hea is provided with a slot or cut-away portion 2 5. This may be centrally located or at one side, as desired. The upper and lower ends of the slot are arranged to receive hard-steel blocks 26 and '27. These blocks are n videduwith shoulders r n the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one em odi i nen t of regain-61161011, Flgul'e QWEE elevation of the up i pef' part of a turbine of the Curtis type with a generator mounted above and driven by it'. 25 Fig. 2 is a plan view, partially in section, of'

the valve mechanism and-the gearin for actuating it. Fig. 3 is a section throng one of the admission-valveson the actuatingmechanism ,and Fig. 4-is.a detail view showing the 36 dogs moved to a' osition. which will permit of the valvesteni Being removed or permit of a valve being cut out of service without affooting the remainder.

Referring to Fig. 1, 5 represents the upper 5 end of a steam -turbine, and 6 the electric generator supported and driven by it; The top of the generator is provided with a dome 7, that contains a speed-responsive device mounted on the main shaft. Motion from 4ov the speed-responsive device is transmitted to the valve mechanism by a bellcrank leverB, whichin turn is connected 'by the levers 9 and donnectin -reds 10, the connectin -rods being provide with suitable turnbuc es for 4 5 the purpose of adjustment. Owing to the fact that one valve mechanism is located on one side of the machine and the second valve on the opposite-side, a lever 11 is provided to cause the movements of the arts to be in'the 5o 'proper direction. These re s and, levers are connected to the shield-plates, as will hereinafter appear. 12 and 13 represent the valvechests, mounted on opposite sides of the turbine.

55 Referring now to Fig. 3, 12 represents the the turbine? The interior of the turbine is divided into stages or wheelcompartments by suitable diaphragms, each stage containin valve-chest which is bolted to the head 14 of 9 an-L- coo erate wi h the ogs 30 and 31. The blocks are held in place by transverse pins and may be readily removed and new ones s' 'ii-bstituted in case of wear. The dogs 30 and 31 are pivotall mounted between arms35, carried by horizontal rod 36. The 0 arms arekeyed to the rod 36, that extends at right angles to the plane of the valve-stem,

andis eonnected to the lever 37 at one end (seeEi :2) and lever 38 at the opposite end. These-cysts are mountedto turn with the g 5 rock-shaft-or spindle 39. The lever 37 shaft 36,.lever38, and shaft 39 form, in effect, a frameywhich frame carries all of the dogs of the several valves. For convenience these parts i are termed a motor or steam-lever. The lever 37 is in motion constantly while the turbine is running, and acting throu h the medium of the do sit performs all of the work of opening and c osing the valves.

In Figs. 1 and 2 is shown..more particu- 'larly the means actuating the. steam-lever. 40 re resents the main shaft of the turbine, an just below the middle bearing 41 is a spiral gear 42, that in turn meshes with a gear 43, carried by a horizontal shaft i re 44. .Betwcen this shaft and the shaft 45, which drives the crank-disk 46,-is suitable gearing. The disk 46 is provided with a crank 47, and connected to said crank and to the steam-levers 37 are connecting-rods 48 ii 5 and 49. i

Loosel mounted on the spindle 39 are as many shield-plates 50 as there are valves. These shield-plates are so arranged that they enga c with the inner or short lugs or ends of i 20 the ogs 30 and 31 and cause them to engage or be held away from the blocks 36 and 27. With the parts in the position shown the upper dog 30 is held out of operation and the movements of the steam-lever have no cll m't. :25 Neither will the downward motion f the dog 31 have any effect, because the valve H! is closed. Assume, however, that the shield .30 moves downward to a position where it will hold the lower dog 31 out of engagement with. 1 o

the lllllCk 27. Then the next upstroke of the steam-lever will cause the upper dog 30 to engage the shoulder 28 and raise the cross-head and open the valve. All of the shield-plates '50 are connected together by the tlfidfitl 51,

Figs. 2 and 3, and the latter is connected, lay means ol the connecting-rod and lever B, with the boll-crank lever 8 to the shaft-gov ernor. From this it follows that as the speed changes, due to the changes in load, the )ositiun of the shieldlateswill be changed. hose plates are so aiiiusted with respect to each other that in normal operation the opening and closi'n of the valves is successive as distinguished rem simultaneous. By suitably arranging these shield -plates tgvo or more valves can be opened together the lead variation is greater the c taken 1 care of by a single valve, two rasses valves will 0 en or close simultaneously, hecsnsethe shiehi plntes will set the dogs of two armors valves in o ierative position. B making the width of t io shield-plate 50 see that it will be out of engagement with the dogs 3Q and3l for a portion of the stroke of the steam-lever one of the valves can be made to open and 4 close once for every stroke of the Swim-lever, thus giving a pulsatin action t9 the valve regulating. In the construction shown the; can be accomplished only by it; change in speed but in the event of the shields; 7

close at each stroke of extent without it oh which is doin t e ra time firefieguiatlog-valve will then have a efinite periodicity-th at is to say, it will open and class a defin-te number of times per-minute; but no attempt is made to regulate the periods that the valve is open or closed. Each valve is so constructed and arranged that it can in turnfunc' tion' as a regulating-valve and open and for each stroke of the actuator. By

close once means of this the total number of valves required for a given machine can be materially reduced. Under ordinary conditions one or more valves will be .open and one or more valves closed and at least one valve opening and closing more or less frequentlyte dc the regulation plates being such that a valve can pen'ranfi the steam-lever the regulation will be accomp Inge ll'l speed The dogs 30 and 31 are normally moved into opeiativgosition by the spring 52, which is 1 to hot'h dogs The free'ends of thespting, re turned over slightly, so that whenitrsrlesfircd to cut a valve out of service t dogs 30 and .T 50 t giqralves as well. B dup lished to a I shaft-governor the shieldplates 50 can be swung about the axis of the shaft 39 until they clear the side of the cross-head. Each cross-head is secured tothe valve-stem proper by means of a screw-threaded head 53, which in turn is held between a screw-threaded nut Siand a compression-spring 55. The spring insures the proper seating of the valve 19. By removing the nut 54 and throw ng back the ( legs 30 and 31 and swinging the shield plate 50 upward out of the way the crossead ean be removed. The valveean e removed by first taking all the packing 2i and than raising the-valvestem, it being assumed that the cross-head has been previously removed.

' The rectangular frame 22, that carries the cross-heads and acts as a nide 24, is provided with a. small tray 56 at t e upper end and a similar tray 57 below the dogs. These trays. 8' sup ly lubricant t6 the surface of the orosshea 5. Situated below the cross-heads and extending at right angles thereto is a tray 58, thateollects any lubricant which may leak around the cross-heads. The said tray may or may not be connected by a pipe to a suitable reservoir. 7 a a 'Ih o present invention is shown in connection w th admission-valves only; but my inverses is not thereto, since it apeating the apparatus it can be used or actusting stage-valves. I ma use the apparatus shown for stage-valves o y and use a differentform of apparatus for controlling the admission. The stage-valves may be operated b the same or a different mechanism from t t employed to 'actuatethe steam-lever of the adrmssionwalves.

In machines requiring only one regulatingvalve the same type of apparatus may be en1- played; but only a single set of actuating devices will bejleeessar 4 v In accordance wit the provisioned the patent statutes --I have described the principleof operationof my inventions togei-her with the a paratus which I now consider in re resent film best embodiment thereof; but I (l esire to have it understood the! the appur'atus shown isonly illustrative and that the invention can be carried out i) other means.

What I claim as new and esire to secure hy Letters Patent of the United States, is I I ITI'n a'governin mechansini for turbines, the'eo rnhination o a valve having an open IlO pioses'pisnien but no intermediate, a

shown in Fig. 4. With t epartsegranged Hi this manner the nloveinnntsoithefilfit f have no efi'eet on the cross-heads or the valve connected theretoi This 'feature' is also of value in that it permits or the'eross-head and valve being removedwitliout taking the dogs off of their support. The slot or cut-away or'tion of the cross-head is so arranged that hy disconnecting the tie-rod '51 from the and a" motor which is constantly in motion for opening and closing the valve, independent dogs which engage the valve and transmitnotion from the motor in the valve and a vernor for sensing the proper action of the iii a with respect to the valve.

5; I In agoverningiiiechanism for turbines. the combination of a plurality OI-Vfllsiri, a

motor common to the valves that has a con- 1 3c stant to-and-fro motion, do 5 carried by the motor which on age each the valves and 0 en and close t em, a means for each valve t at determines the action of the dogs thereon, and a governor for controlling the said means. i

3. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a plurality of valves, stems therefor, an actuator for each valve to that is continually moving to and fro, dogs carried by each actuator, one of which 0 ens the valve and the other closes it, a shiel for re ulating the action of each pair of dogs, the

shields being arranged to normally'oause suc- 5 oessive operation of the do s and valves, and a vernor that controls al of the shields.

4. In a governin mechanism for turbines, the combination 0 a valve, a stem therefor containing a slot, an actuator which'enters the slot and openszor closes the valve, and a device res onsive to load changes which also enters the slot and controls the effect of the actuator on the stem.

5. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve, a slotted stem therefor, an actuator, do s carried by the actuate. n hich enters the sflt and open or close the valve as load conditions demand, and a shield that also enters the slot and controls the action of the dogs on the stem.

6. In a governin mechanism for turbines, the combination 0 a valve, a stem therefor, a rocking lever, dogs carried by the lever, one of which engages with the stem and opens the 5 valve while the other closes it, and agovernor for determining which dog shall'be in service.

7. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve, a cut-awa stem therefor, a rocking lever, clogs carried y the' 0 lever and extending into the cut-away por tion of the stem, the dogs acting directly on the stem to 0 on or close the valve, and a shield plate tiiht also enters the cut-away portionarid controls the action of the do s.

8. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a plurality of valves, an actuator for each valve, devices for controlling the effects of the actuators on the valves a support which is common to actuators and 5c is located on one side of the plane of the valves,

a support which is common to the controlling. evices and is located on the opposite sideof the plane of the valves, and a governor which regilates the action of the devicss and is itself responsive to changes in Ice r 9. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve having a stem, an actuator for the valve that is located on one 6o side of the stern, a pivot for the actuator located on the other side and a device for controlling the action of'the actuator, the axes of the pivot and the controlling device coinciding.

10. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a plurality of valves, stems therefor, actuators for the valves located on one side of the stems, a frame that carries the actuators and is pivotally supported on the opposite side of the stems, devices for causing the actuators to normally act on the valves successively, which arelocated on the side of the stems .opposite the actuators, and a speed-res onsive device which moves the controlling evices. 1,1. In a governing mechanismfor turbines, the combination of a valve,-a cut-away stem therefor, an actuator for the valve that enters the cut-away portion, and a device that also enters the cut-away portion for controlling the action of the actuator. on the valve, the said actuator and device being so constructed and arranged that they can be -moved out of the cut-away portion when it is desired to remove the valve-stem.

- 12. In a governing mechanism for tur-, bines, the combination of a valve having a cut-aw'a stem, an actuating and controlling device t erefor'which extend toward each other and cooperate within said cut-away portion, and supports for the actuator and de; vice aboutwhich they can be moved towithdraw them from said cut-away portion when it is desirable to remove the valve-stem.

13.In a governing mechanism for tur 5 bines, the combination of a valve, a slotted .stein therefor, an actuator and controlling device which cooperate within'the slot to move the valve, and guides for the stem located on each side of the actuator and controlling de- VICG'.

14. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a valve, a divided stem therefor, a spiinginterposed between the parts to insure proper seating of the 10 valve, a moving support, dogs carried by the support which engage and'move the stem, and a shield for controlling the action of the ogs. 15. In a governing mechanism for tur l 1 bines, the combination ofa plurality of valves, a chest containing the valves, aframe mounted on the chest and containing guides for the valve-stems, an actuator for each valve, a pivotially-supported frame which carries all -n ,of'the actuators, and shield-plates for con trolling the actuators that are also carried by the frame. 16. In a governing mechanism' for turbines the combination of a valve, a cylin- 1: drica stem for the valve having a cut-away ortion; a means for preventingh the stem om turning, a dog for openin t e valve, a dog for closm it, and a shield or governing the action of tie dogs. 17. In -a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of' a plurality; of valves, stems therefor, a frame through which the stems extend, trays formed in t e frame for supplying lubricant to stems, a re- 1;

eeptacle which collects the lubricant after it acts on. the stems, and actuators for opening and closing the valves.

18. In a governing mechanism for tun- 5 bines, the combination of a valve, a. stem therefor, a cross-head that is detachahiy secured to the stem, a slot therein, an actuator that extends into and moves in the slot for openin and closing the valve, and e means for contro ling the effective action of the sctuator. V Z

19. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of a. valve controlling the passe, e of fluid through the turbine, an actuator t iei efor which is constantly in motion, a spiral gear mounted on the shaft of whine, a driven gear meshing therewith, a. shaft for the 4.4 gearWeh revolves slower than the turbine-shalt, q thew;

vvheel andeonnected to the actuator, a. housmg for the gearing carried by a bearing of the turbine an situated in line with the valve, :1

speed-governor, and edevice moved by the 20. In a governing mechanism or turhines the combination of valve-chests 1/ sated on opposite sides of the machine.

valves iii the chests, actuators for the valves pivotslliy supported on the chests, means for connecting ami disconnecting the valves and actuators; in response to load changes, a gear mounted on the turbine-shaft at a pointbetween the valve-chests, a second gear meshin?l with the first for reducing the speed, 0t er geating driven bysaid second geai for further reducing the speed which is connected to the actuators, and a sup art for the driven ears located at a. point hetween the valve-c ests.

' In witness whereof I have hereunto set my on, a worm-wheel, a crank drive 'hy'the said: land fi 236 day of August 1905' r RICHARD H. RICE. Witnesses:

IDUGALD MoK. M KILLUr; Jomt A. McMmcs, Jr.

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