US8116702B2 - Transmission over a multiple input multiple output broadcast channel (MIMO-BC) - Google Patents
Transmission over a multiple input multiple output broadcast channel (MIMO-BC) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8116702B2 US8116702B2 US11/994,665 US99466506A US8116702B2 US 8116702 B2 US8116702 B2 US 8116702B2 US 99466506 A US99466506 A US 99466506A US 8116702 B2 US8116702 B2 US 8116702B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03343—Arrangements at the transmitter end
Definitions
- the transmitter usually has an encoder for encoding the data intended to be communicated to the receive antennas to output the signals for filtering by the feedbackward filter.
- the encoder encodes the data by selecting a codeword of a nested lattice code.
- the transmitter may also have a quantisation stage for quantising the codewords of the encoded signals using a shaping lattice of the nested lattice code.
- the transmitter may also have means for applying dither to the codewords of the encoded signals.
- FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the sum-rate capacity divided by the number of transmit antennas for transmission over the MIMO-BCs in accordance with the first and second embodiments of the invention.
- dither adders 11 1 , . . . , 11 K-1 , 11 K are arranged to add a respective dither d 1 , . . . , d K-1 , d k to the codewords c 1 , . . . c K-1 , c K .
- the dithered codewords c 1 , . . . c K-1 , c K which continue to be referred to with the same symbols here for simplicity, are output by the dither adders 11 1 , . . .
- S x is input covariance
- S Z is the least-favourable Sato noise covariance
- ⁇ is a slack variable associated with the constraint ⁇ 0
- ⁇ is a scaling factor, e.g. to compensate for any difference in total power available in the MIMO-MAC 7 and the MIMO-BC 6 .
Abstract
Description
y t =Hx t +z t (1)
where t=1, . . . , T−1, T designates a discrete time index and T is a length of a block of time in the index; yt=[yt,1, . . . yt,(K-1), yt,K] is an K×T vector representing signals received at the receive antennas 5 1,1, 5 1, N-1, 5 1, N, . . . , 5 K, N over the MIMO-
is an M×T vector representing the supposition of the signals transmitted by the M transmit
where Sx c=E[xt cxt cH] for any time t is the spatial input covariance matrix. So, if the input covariance matrices for each receive antenna 5 1, 5 K-1, 5 K are Sk c=E[xt,k cxt,k cH] for k=1, . . . , K−1, K, the power constraint can be rewritten
subject to matrix Γ being block diagonal, tr(Γ)≦P, where P is total power, and Γ≧0; and where I is an identity matrix over time block T. The solution to equation (5) can be found using the non-linear Gauss-Seidal method (or block-coordinate ascent), as described in more detail in the publication “Nonlinear Programming”, Bertsekas D., Athena Scientific, Belmont, Mass., 1995 and the paper “Sum Power Iterative Water-Filling For Multi-Antenna Gaussian Broadcast Channels”, Jindal N et al, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 51(4), pages 1570-1580, April 2005. A matrix pair (Sz,Sx) is then calculated using Karush-Kun-Tucker (KKT) conditions as
λS x =I−(H H ΓH+I)−1 (6)
λS z +γ=H(H H ΓH+I)−1 H H (7)
where Sx is input covariance, SZ is the least-favourable Sato noise covariance, γ is a slack variable associated with the constraint Γ≧0, and λ is a scaling factor, e.g. to compensate for any difference in total power available in the MIMO-
Ψ=S z −1−(HS x H H +S z)−1 (8)
λI=H H(HS x H H +S z)−1 H (9)
where Ψ=λΓ.
B=VΣ 1/2 M (10)
where M is an arbitrary unitary matrix of the same dimension as input covariance Sx and the beam forming matrix B. The MMSE estimation filter, which is equal to the covariance matrix of the estimation error ē in the MMSE configuration is given by
The feedbackward and feedforward matrices Fb, Ff are then obtained by calculating the Cholesky factorisation of Rb and arranging it into block form, such that Rb=G−1Δ−1G−H, where G is upper uni-triangular. So, the feedbackward and feedforward matrices Fb, Ff given by
Ff=Δ−1G−HBHHHSz −1 (12)
Fb=G (13)
Ψ=S z −1 HS x 1/2 R H RS x H/2 H H S z −1 (14)
and a full rank decomposition of Ψ yields
which allows definition of a unitary matrix U given by
RHUHIIT=MΘ (17)
where M is r×r unitary and Θ is upper triangular. Finally, the Cholesky decomposition of Rb is written into block form such that Rb=ΘΘH=G−1Δ−1G−H, which yields block diagonal matrix Δ−1 and the feedback matrix component G, which is upper triangular.
This allows the transmitter to calculate the beamforming matrix B from equation (10), which yields
These rates R1,R2 sum to RBC equal to 2.2615 nats/s. This rate RBC corresponds to one of the two corner points of the sum-rate capacity segment.
So, the feedforward filters Ff,1, Ff,2 for each of the two
F f,1=(−0.1697 −0.4304)
F f,2=(0.0026 0.4481) (31)
{tilde over (F)} p =B=(F f H)−1(I−F b) (32)
to achieve the same sum-rate capacity as achieved in the first preferred embodiment of the invention using an equivalent non-linear encoding scheme. However, the linear encoding scheme of the second preferred embodiment of the invention cannot achieve this sum-rate capacity CBC without exceeding the total available transmit power P. Indeed, it can be shown that the total available transmit power P is exceeded by an excess power constant ρ given by the equation
using a precoding filter Fp as defined by equation (32). Hence, the precoding filter Fp is adapted to normalise the power of the signals x1, . . . , xK-1, xK transmitted by the transmit
Claims (30)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05106253 | 2005-07-08 | ||
EP05106253.7 | 2005-07-08 | ||
EP05106253 | 2005-07-08 | ||
EP0519749.6 | 2005-09-28 | ||
GBGB0519749.6A GB0519749D0 (en) | 2005-07-08 | 2005-09-28 | Transmission over a multiple input multiple output broadcast channel (MIMO-BC) |
GB0519749.6 | 2005-09-28 | ||
PCT/IB2006/052284 WO2007007249A2 (en) | 2005-07-08 | 2006-07-06 | Transmission over a multiple input multiple output broadcast channel (mimo-bc) |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20080207238A1 US20080207238A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
US8116702B2 true US8116702B2 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
Family
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US11/994,665 Active 2029-04-17 US8116702B2 (en) | 2005-07-08 | 2006-07-06 | Transmission over a multiple input multiple output broadcast channel (MIMO-BC) |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8116702B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1905171B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4959698B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101311185B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101218759B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE494672T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006019431D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2358531T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0519749D0 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI394387B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007007249A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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US20120207066A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for bidirectional communication between multi-nodes using relay node |
US20170279490A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-09-28 | Alcatel Lucent | Non-linear precoding with a mix of nlp capable and nlp non-capable lines |
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US7599444B2 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2009-10-06 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Coding in a MIMO communication system |
US8116391B2 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2012-02-14 | Wi-Lan Inc. | Quantization of channel state information in multiple antenna systems |
KR101320915B1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2013-10-29 | 알까뗄 루슨트 | Method and apparatus for pre-processing data to be transmitted in multiple-input communication system |
US8036282B2 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2011-10-11 | Wi-Lan Inc. | Multi-tiered quantization of channel state information in multiple antenna systems |
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US7991713B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2011-08-02 | Trifon Triantafillidis | Method for solving minimax and linear programming problems |
JP4481336B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2010-06-16 | 京セラ株式会社 | Channel information prediction system and channel information prediction method |
CN101960757B (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2014-02-05 | 京瓷株式会社 | Channel information prediction system and channel information prediction method |
US8234546B2 (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2012-07-31 | Wi-Lan, Inc. | Mitigation of transmission errors of quantized channel state information feedback in multi antenna systems |
JP5340634B2 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method |
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US8175189B2 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2012-05-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fast generalized decision feedback equalizer precoder implementation for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output wireless transmission systems |
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US20120045995A1 (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2012-02-23 | Hiroshi Nakano | Interference suppression wireless communication system and interference suppression wireless communication device |
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KR20110036374A (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Multiple-input multiple-output communication system using explicit feedback |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120207066A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for bidirectional communication between multi-nodes using relay node |
US8855028B2 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2014-10-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for bidirectional communication between multi-nodes using relay node |
US20170279490A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-09-28 | Alcatel Lucent | Non-linear precoding with a mix of nlp capable and nlp non-capable lines |
US9985686B2 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-05-29 | Alcatel Lucent | Non-linear precoding with a mix of NLP capable and NLP non-capable lines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI394387B (en) | 2013-04-21 |
ES2358531T3 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
JP4959698B2 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
CN101218759A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
JP2009500939A (en) | 2009-01-08 |
WO2007007249A3 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
WO2007007249A2 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
TW200713883A (en) | 2007-04-01 |
EP1905171B1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
KR101311185B1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
GB0519749D0 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
EP1905171A2 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
KR20080027819A (en) | 2008-03-28 |
DE602006019431D1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
ATE494672T1 (en) | 2011-01-15 |
US20080207238A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
CN101218759B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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