US805124A - Sleet-cutter for third rails. - Google Patents

Sleet-cutter for third rails. Download PDF

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Publication number
US805124A
US805124A US25084405A US1905250844A US805124A US 805124 A US805124 A US 805124A US 25084405 A US25084405 A US 25084405A US 1905250844 A US1905250844 A US 1905250844A US 805124 A US805124 A US 805124A
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bar
rail
cutter
base
axle
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US25084405A
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Ervin A Dunbar
Walter H Rogers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/10—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle train
    • B61L3/103—Details of current transmitting conductors or contact brushes

Definitions

  • VVARRENVILLE VVARRENVILLE
  • ILLINOIS VVARRENVILLE
  • This invention relates to sleet-cutters, and is more particularly suitable for use in connection with electric railway systems, in which the electric power is transmitted to the car-motor through a conductor or third rail running parallel to the rails on which the wheels of the car run.
  • a shoe or brush which constitutes one terminal of the electric circuit of the car andwhich bears against the third rail.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide such a device and to make the same of simple and effective construction and to improve upon other devices intended for this purpose by reducing the expense of construction and of keeping in repair.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation.
  • Fig. 2 is an end elevation of a device embodying the invention.
  • a bar 3 parallel to the base, has at each end depending forks 6, which support a shaft or aXle 4, on which are mounted a series of cutting-disks 5. Any number of these disks may be mounted side by side on each axle. They may be provided with serrated edges, as shown in the drawings, and are adapted to bear against the rail which is to be cleared of sleet.
  • Each end of the bar 3 is connected with the base-bar 1 by a link 7, containing a slot 8.
  • the link is pivoted to one of these bars by a bolt 9, while a bolt 10 passes through the slot and connects the other end of the link to the base or other bar with a pivotal and sliding connection.
  • the bar 3, and with it the cutting-disks 5, are normally forced outward from the base-bar 1 by springs 11.
  • these springs are strung on eyebolts 12, which are fastened to the bar 3 and pass loosely through the base 1..
  • the tension of these springs can be adjusted by means of nuts 13 on the eyebolts 12 ,bringing the two bars nearer together or permitting the springs to force them farther apart, as desired.
  • the distance which the cutters project therefrom can be adjusted by adjusting these nuts 13.
  • the bolts 12 are attached to the base 3 by cross-bolts 2, passing through the eyes of the eyebolts 12, or by any other suitable means.
  • the cutters are arranged to travel on the surface of the rail which is to be cleared, and the springs 11 can be adjusted to press the cutters against that rail with any desired pressure.
  • the greater the size of the ice obstruction encountered by the grinders the greater the pressure of the cutters thereon. This results from the fact that in riding over such an obstacle the grinder has to compress the springs 11 to a greater degree, and thus increase their tension.
  • the leading cutter When the leading cutter encounters ice, it breaks the same away or at least pierces and cuts off the sur face thereof.
  • the give of the springs 11 and slotted links 7 enables it to ride up over any ice which it does not move.
  • the succeeding cutter removes the remainder of the ice, if any, and the spring and slot above it enable it to yield as much as necessary to ride over any broken pieces.
  • the ice on the rail is thus broken or cleared, so that the contact-shoe immediately following can make a close con tact with the rail.
  • eyebolts, pivots, and slots thus produce a cutter which is elastically supported against the rail and which will yield elastically as much as may be necessary when any substance intervenes between the rail and one or both of the cutters or when a portion of rail higher than the prevailing level is encountered.
  • the arrangement of one set of eyebolts, links, and cutters at each end gives stability against sidewise stresses.
  • Fig. 1 has no less than four connections between the bar 3 and the base 1, and is therefore correspondingly strong and resistant.
  • One feature of the invention resides in the peculiar construction of the cutters. They are composed of disks, which may be either cast or stamped from metal of suitable thickness. Each is provided with a series of sharp points or transverse cutting edges which may be of the very simple form shown in the drawings or may be of any other desired form, and each disk is separately rotatable on its shaft or axle. It is obvious that a given disk will have only one cutting edge at a time located at the lowest point of its circleas, for example, the edge 5 in Fig. 1. WVhen the cutting edge is thus pressed against the rail, the entire pressure with which said disk is forced outward is borne upon this single edge, and hence the cutting power is intensified.
  • the cutting edge 5 cannot be forced backward by ice encountered frozen upon the rail without causing the disk to rotate, and thus bringing the next cutting edge 5 of the same disk down to an equal cuttinglevel, while if a piece of ice should become wedged between the edges 5 and 5, preventing 5 from descending, the disk could slide forward without rotating at all. In that event the edge 5 would act as a scraper set at an angle to rip off the top layer of ice and the edge 5 would act as another scraper to clear off the layer below.
  • the adjoining disks meanwhile might rotate as cutters or slide as scrapers, according to the conditions which each might encounter.
  • a broad-faced cutter has been employed with serrations on the surface.
  • the use by the present invention of a series of relatively narrow-faced disks obviates the expense incidental to cutting and sharpening the face of a broad-faced cutter.
  • Such disks can be cast in their final form ready for use and need only to be assembled, or they can be stamped out of sheet metal and subsequently hardened without requiring any preliminary process of grinding the separate teeth to sharpen them. If, however, it be desired to sharpen them individually, this can be done simply and by inexpensive labor.
  • a cutter composed of a multiplicity of cutting-disks arranged side by side and separately rotatable on one axle; an axle supporting said disk; and means to support the axle.
  • a cutter composed of a multiplicity of cutting-disks arranged side by side and separately rotatable on one axle; sharp-toothed edges on each disk; an axle supporting said disks; and means to support the axle.
  • a bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a base supporting said bar; springs at each end between said bar and base; links at each end between said bar and base; and a cutter carried by said bar and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
  • a base-bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a second bar parallel thereto; springs between the said bars tending to force them apart and tie-bolts between the said bars opposing the springs; links at each end between said bars; and a cutter carried by said bar and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
  • a base-bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a second bar parallel thereto; springs between the said bars tending to force them apart at each end; tie-bolts at each end opposing the springs links connecting the bars at each end; and cutters carried by said second bar at each end and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
  • a bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a base supporting said bar; springs at each end between said bar and base; links at each end between said bar and base; an axle ateach end of said bar supported thereby and arranged transversely to the direction of travel; and a multiplicity of cutting-disks on each axle, arranged side by side, each disk being individually rotatable on its axle.

Description

No. 805,124. PATENTED NOV. 21, 1905.
E. A. DUNBAR & W. H. ROGERS.
SLEET CUTTER FOR THIRD RAILS.
APPLICJATION FILED MAR.18, 1905.
TIE 5r UNITED STATES PATENT orrion.
ERVIN A. DUNBAR, OF VVHEATON, AND WALTER H. ROGERS, OF
VVARRENVILLE, ILLINOIS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 21, 1905.
Application filed March 18, 1905. Serial No. 250.844.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that we, ERVIN A. DUNBAR, residing at VVheaton, and WVALTER H. Roe- ERS, residin at Warrenville, in the county of Dupage and State of Illinois, citizens of the United States, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sleet Cutters for Third Rails, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to sleet-cutters, and is more particularly suitable for use in connection with electric railway systems, in which the electric power is transmitted to the car-motor through a conductor or third rail running parallel to the rails on which the wheels of the car run. In such systems it is common to provide a shoe or brush, which constitutes one terminal of the electric circuit of the car andwhich bears against the third rail. In order to make a good electrical contact therewith, it is desirable to have means for removing sleet and ice that may have been frozen upon the surface of the rail immediately in advance of the contact-shoe.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide such a device and to make the same of simple and effective construction and to improve upon other devices intended for this purpose by reducing the expense of construction and of keeping in repair.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of a device embodying the invention.
Referring to the drawings, 1 is a base-bar intended to be arranged parallel with the direction of travel and fastened by any suitable means to the side of the car or truck opposite or over the third rail in advance of the electrical contact-shoe. A bar 3, parallel to the base, has at each end depending forks 6, which support a shaft or aXle 4, on which are mounted a series of cutting-disks 5. Any number of these disks may be mounted side by side on each axle. They may be provided with serrated edges, as shown in the drawings, and are adapted to bear against the rail which is to be cleared of sleet. Each end of the bar 3 is connected with the base-bar 1 by a link 7, containing a slot 8. The link is pivoted to one of these bars by a bolt 9, while a bolt 10 passes through the slot and connects the other end of the link to the base or other bar with a pivotal and sliding connection. The bar 3, and with it the cutting-disks 5, are normally forced outward from the base-bar 1 by springs 11. In the form of the invention shown in the drawings these springs are strung on eyebolts 12, which are fastened to the bar 3 and pass loosely through the base 1.. The tension of these springs can be adjusted by means of nuts 13 on the eyebolts 12 ,bringing the two bars nearer together or permitting the springs to force them farther apart, as desired.
It will be seen that when the base 1 is mounted on a truck the distance which the cutters project therefrom can be adjusted by adjusting these nuts 13. The bolts 12 are attached to the base 3 by cross-bolts 2, passing through the eyes of the eyebolts 12, or by any other suitable means. When in opera tion, the cutters are arranged to travel on the surface of the rail which is to be cleared, and the springs 11 can be adjusted to press the cutters against that rail with any desired pressure. The greater the size of the ice obstruction encountered by the grinders the greater the pressure of the cutters thereon. This results from the fact that in riding over such an obstacle the grinder has to compress the springs 11 to a greater degree, and thus increase their tension. When the leading cutter encounters ice, it breaks the same away or at least pierces and cuts off the sur face thereof. The give of the springs 11 and slotted links 7 enables it to ride up over any ice which it does not move. The succeeding cutter removes the remainder of the ice, if any, and the spring and slot above it enable it to yield as much as necessary to ride over any broken pieces. The ice on the rail is thus broken or cleared, so that the contact-shoe immediately following can make a close con tact with the rail. It will be observed that the eyebolts, pivots, and slots thus produce a cutter which is elastically supported against the rail and which will yield elastically as much as may be necessary when any substance intervenes between the rail and one or both of the cutters or when a portion of rail higher than the prevailing level is encountered. The arrangement of one set of eyebolts, links, and cutters at each end gives stability against sidewise stresses.
It will be observed that the very simpleappearing structure of Fig. 1 has no less than four connections between the bar 3 and the base 1, and is therefore correspondingly strong and resistant.
One feature of the invention resides in the peculiar construction of the cutters. They are composed of disks, which may be either cast or stamped from metal of suitable thickness. Each is provided with a series of sharp points or transverse cutting edges which may be of the very simple form shown in the drawings or may be of any other desired form, and each disk is separately rotatable on its shaft or axle. It is obvious that a given disk will have only one cutting edge at a time located at the lowest point of its circleas, for example, the edge 5 in Fig. 1. WVhen the cutting edge is thus pressed against the rail, the entire pressure with which said disk is forced outward is borne upon this single edge, and hence the cutting power is intensified. hen a series of such disks are mounted side by side 011 the axle, as shown in Fig. 2, the disks very soon assume positions in which their several cutting edges are out of alinement with each other, as there shown. At any given instant the entire pressure on the axle 4 is borne by those few cutting edges of the disks mounted on that axle which at that instant happen to be in the lowest part of their travel, thus further intensifying the pressure between the cutting edges and the rail. By this construction a minimum of pressure exerted by the springs 11 results in a maximum of cutting effect, and each disk is separately free to adjust itself to whatever character of roughness it individually may encounter. It will be seen that the cutting edge 5 cannot be forced backward by ice encountered frozen upon the rail without causing the disk to rotate, and thus bringing the next cutting edge 5 of the same disk down to an equal cuttinglevel, while if a piece of ice should become wedged between the edges 5 and 5, preventing 5 from descending, the disk could slide forward without rotating at all. In that event the edge 5 would act as a scraper set at an angle to rip off the top layer of ice and the edge 5 would act as another scraper to clear off the layer below. The adjoining disks meanwhile might rotate as cutters or slide as scrapers, according to the conditions which each might encounter.
In some forms of sleet-cutters heretofore constructed a broad-faced cutter has been employed with serrations on the surface. The use by the present invention of a series of relatively narrow-faced disks obviates the expense incidental to cutting and sharpening the face of a broad-faced cutter. Such disks can be cast in their final form ready for use and need only to be assembled, or they can be stamped out of sheet metal and subsequently hardened without requiring any preliminary process of grinding the separate teeth to sharpen them. If, however, it be desired to sharpen them individually, this can be done simply and by inexpensive labor.
If one becomes broken or develops flaws or soft places, that one disk can be removed and a new one substituted without regrinding or abandoning the entire cutter, as would be necessary if a similar defect should occur in a broadfaced cutter.
1. In an apparatus of the class described, a cutter composed of a multiplicity of cutting-disks arranged side by side and separately rotatable on one axle; an axle supporting said disk; and means to support the axle.
2. In an apparatus of the class described, a cutter composed of a multiplicity of cutting-disks arranged side by side and separately rotatable on one axle; sharp-toothed edges on each disk; an axle supporting said disks; and means to support the axle.
3. In an apparatus of the class described, a bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a base supporting said bar; springs at each end between said bar and base; links at each end between said bar and base; and a cutter carried by said bar and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
4. In an apparatus of the class described,- a base-bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a second bar parallel thereto; springs between the said bars tending to force them apart and tie-bolts between the said bars opposing the springs; links at each end between said bars; and a cutter carried by said bar and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
5. In an apparatus of the class described, a base-bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a second bar parallel thereto; springs between the said bars tending to force them apart at each end; tie-bolts at each end opposing the springs links connecting the bars at each end; and cutters carried by said second bar at each end and adapted to engage the surface of the rail which is to be cleared.
6. In an apparatus of the class described, a bar arranged parallel to the direction of travel; a base supporting said bar; springs at each end between said bar and base; links at each end between said bar and base; an axle ateach end of said bar supported thereby and arranged transversely to the direction of travel; and a multiplicity of cutting-disks on each axle, arranged side by side, each disk being individually rotatable on its axle.
In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of subscribing witnesses.
ERVIN A. DUNBAR. WALTER H. ROGERS. IVitnesses:
CHAs. LUCAS, ADAM DERNBACH, IN. V. IIOPF, H. E DANIELS
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