US802871A - Ventilating device for buildings. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905.

F. V. MATTON.

VENTILATING DEVIGE FOR BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.9,1903.

2 SHEBT88HBET 1.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR.9,1903.

2 SHBETS-SHBBT 2.

.0 I do UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VENTILATING DEVICE FOR BUILDINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

Application filed March 9, 1903. Serial No. 146.934.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK V. MATTON, a subject of the King of Sweden and Norway, residing in Camden, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Ventilating Devices for Buildings, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide for the effective ventilation of a building by natural means-that is to say, without the em.- ployment of power-driven suction or blast apparatus; and a further object is to elfeet the ventilation of a building in such a way as will tend to produce or permit more uniform heating of the various rooms therein than is at present possible. These objects I attain in the manner hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the application of my improved ventilating system to a close-built structure, and Fig. 2 is a similar View illustrating the application of the invention to a building erected around a central court.

It is well known that in buildings which are exposed to the wind the tendency of the heated air inside of the building is to flow to the leeward side, thereby rendering the rooms on that side uncomfortably hot and diiiicult to ventilate, while at the same time the rooms on the windward side of the building are deprived of their proper share of heat. My invention overcomes this objection and in the preferred form also provides for the ventilation of the various rooms of the building by natural means.

The building shown in Fig. 1 is a rectangular structure having rows of rooms 1 along each side of the same and having a longitudinal hall 2 and two transverse halls 3. In these halls is located the ventilating-duct i, which extends to and through each of the side walls of the house, so as to present an inletopening at each of four approximately-equidistant points of the compass, and at each of these openings is a check-valve or damper 5, opening inwardly. The main duct 4 has a branch 6 leading into each of the rooms or apartments of the building, and each of these branches is provided with a check-valve 7, opening toward the room. No matter what the direction of the wind, therefore, it enters one or more of the mouths of the ventilatingduct, and being prevented from escaping from said duct by the check-valves closing the other mouths of the same the air is more or less compressed in the duct and is consequently forced through the branches 6 into the various rooms or apartments of the building, thus providing each of the same with a supply of fresh air. The inner end of each branch may also, if desired, be provided with a damper or register to be operated by hand in order to arrest or regulate the flow of air into the room. In the case of the rooms on the windward side of the building the valves 7 may not be opened, as the flow through the wind ow-joints or other external openings may be stronger than that through the branches of the ventilating-duct on that side of the house; but the flow of air into the rooms on the leeward side of the house will tend to produce and maintain in the latter a pressure equal to that in the rooms on the windward side, and thusprevent in large measure the driving of the heated air from the rooms on the windward side over toward the rooms on the leeward side.

In applying my invention to a building erected about a courtyard the same general arrangement of main duct, branches. and check-valves is adopted as shown in Fig. 2.

The main duct may have as many inlets on each side of the building as the circumstances of the case may suggest. Thus in Fig. 1 there is a single inlet on each of the narrow sides of the building and two on the Wide sides, and in Fig. 2 the duct has two inlets on each side of the building.

Each inlet end of the duct 4 may have an enlarged or funnel-shaped month, if desired, as shown, for instance, at 8 in Fig. 1, so as to present a larger area for collecting the air, or the inlet ends of the ducts may be furnished with rotating cowls, as shown at 9 in said ligure, these cowls being so pivoted and provided with vanes 10 that they will always present their flaring mouths to windward. Hence air will enter each inlet of the duct 4: except those directly on the leeward side of the house.

Instead of automatically operating checkvalves the duct 4 may have at each inlet a valve to be opened or closed by the janitor or other attendant in accordance with the prevailing direction of the wind, the automatic valves, however, being of course preferred.

In new buildings the duct can conveniently be located between the ceilings of the rooms on one story and the floors of the rooms above, and in old buildings it can be formed by erecting a false ceiling below the main ceiling in the halls or corridors, or it may in either case be formed by means of a pipe or conduit suitably located, and the arrangement of the valved branches described may in some cases be employed in connection with a duct into which air is forced by artificial instead of natural means.

Having thus described my invent-ion, Iclaim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A ventilating system for buildings, comprising a ventilating-duct located in a hall or corridor which separates rooms on the windward side of the building from those on the leeward side of the same, said duct having inlet-openings at the outer walls of the building adapted to receive air from any compasspoint and branches leading in opposite directions from said duct, some to rooms on the windward side and others to rooms on the leeward side of the building. said ducts and branches being horizontal throughout and on the same floor-level.substantially as described.

2. A ventilating system for buildings comprising a ventilating-duct located in a hall or corridor which separates rooms on the windward side of the building from those on the leeward side of the same, said duct having inlet-openings at the outer walls of the building adapted to receive air from any compasspoint and branches leading in opposite directions from said duct, some to rooms on the windward side and others to rooms on the leeward side of the building, said duct and branches being horizontal throughout and on the same floor-level, and inwardly-opening check-valves in said duct at the inlet-openings, substantially as described.

3. A ventilating system for buildings comprising a ventilating-duct located in a hall or corridor which separates rooms on the windward side of the building from those on the leeward sideof the same, said duct having inlet-openings at the outer walls of the building adapted to receive air from any compasspoint and branches leading in opposite directions from said duct, some to rooms on the windward side and others to rooms on the leeward side of the building, said duct and branches being horizontal throughout and on the same floor-level, inwardly-opening checkvalves in said duct at the inlet-openings, and check-valves in the branches opening toward the rooms, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK V. MATTON.

Witnesses:

F. E. BEoH'roLD, Jos. H. KLEIN.

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