US797154A - Air-ship. - Google Patents

Description

No. "797,154. PATENTED AUG. 15,, 1905 J. SPIEK AIR SHIP,

APPLICATION IILBD ATIG. 15, 1904.

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PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905.

J. SPIES.

AIR SHIP.

nrmommn FILED AUG.15, 1904.

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No. 797,154. I PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905. J, SPIESfl AIR SHIP.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.15, 1004.

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%pecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed August 15, 1904. Serial No. 220,851.

To (all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN Srms, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Penn sylvania, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Air-Ships; and 1 do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact dcscription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in airships, and more particularly to the one set forth in Patent No. 688,135, granted to me December 3, 1901.

The object of my present invention is to improve and simplify the construction and operation of the Wings of an air-ship, and thereby render the machine more powerful and efficient.

"With the above and other objects in view the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved air-ship. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view. Fig. 1 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of one of the wing-frames, the feathers or blades being removed. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;. Fig. 6 is a view of the under side of one of the feathers or blades of the wings. Fig. 7 is a detail longitudinal section taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings by numeral, 1 and 2 denote lower and upper sections of a vertisally-disposed rectangular frame, and 3 a horizontally-disposed frame secured upon the upper portion of the lower section 1. Upon the ends of the upper section 2 and the ends of the frame 3 are mounted balloon sections 4: and 5, and upon the frame 3 is mounted a rudder 29 and suitable operating means 32. The upper section 2 of the frame has journaled in its upper ends and upon opposite sides rockshafts 9, upon which oscillatory wings 11 are secured. Said wings 11 are rocked or oscillated by providing upon them pitman connections 50, to which the upper ends of pitman-rods .17 are pivotally connected. The lower ends of said rods 17, which are adjusted by means of a turnbuckle located at the centers, are secured to eccentric-straps which surround eccentrics 18, secured upon a transverse shaft 19, journalcd in the lower portion of the section 1 of the frame. Upon said shaft 19 is a sprocket-wheel 20, which is connected by a sprocket-chain 21 to a similar sprocket-wheel 22 upon a cranleshaft 23, upon the cranks 24 of which are provided pedals by means of which the shaft may be rotated by an operator who sits upon a seat 25, mounted above and in rear of said sprocket-gearing.

The above-mentioned parts are shown and described in my patentpreviously referred to, and reference may be had thereto for a more extended explanation.

Each of the wings 11 comprises in its construction a rectangular frame 51, constructed, preferably, of metal tubing and consisting of longitudinal tubes 52 53, connected by crosstubes 54, in which latter, adjacent to the tube are formed bearings 55, through which the rock-shaft 9 extends. The pitman connections 50 are secured to the tubes 53, so that when the connecting-rods 17 are reciprocated the frames 51 will oscillate simultaneously in a vertical plane.

Pivoted, as shown at 56, upon one of the cross-tubes 54. is a longitudinal oscillatory feather-carrying frame 57, which is constructed, preferably,of angle metahas shown. Each of said frames 57 consists of an angle-steel rim 58, curved at both ends and connected by a strip of metal 59. @aid strip 59 and the rim 58 are connected and braced by crossstrips 60, as clearly shown in Fig. at of the drawings. The pivot 56 for said frame 57 is disposed eccentrically-that is, it is located nearer to its rear end-and it is so disposed that the frame 57 swings in a plane parallel to the plane of the frame 51.

Upon the frame 57 is a series of featherholders 61, which are pivoted intermediate their ends to oscillate upon said frame. Said holders preferably consist of metal tubing provided upon one side with pivot-studs 62, which project through openings formed in the strip 59 and are secured therein by a key or other suitable fastening means, as clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The inner ends of said tubular holders have a limited sliding movement in slots 63, formed in the straight portion of the rim 58, and the outer ends of said tubular holders are provided with clamps or couplings 64, in which the ribs 65 of feathers 66 are secured. Each of said feathers, as clearly shown in Figs. 6, 7, and

8 of the drawings, comprises the rib or rod 65, which is tubular in cross-section and consists of successively reduced sections, as shown. Upon said sections at suitable points are clamps 67, which carry pivots 68. Secured upon said pivots by means of pivotpins 69 are joints 70, which consist of U- shaped metal plates. The arms of said plates, through which the pivots 69 pass, are formed with stops 71 and 72, which are adapted to engage the clamping-rings 6'7 and limit the oscillation of the joint or plate '70 upon the clamp, the stop 71 limiting the upward movement of one end of the plate, as shown in full lines in Fig. 8, the dotted lines indicating the reverse position, and a stop 72 limiting the downward movement of said ends, as shown by the dotted lines in said figure. Upon each of the joints or plates 70 is secured a transversely-extending strip of bamboo or other like material 73, and connecting said strips 7 3 and disposed upon the rib 65 is a longitudinally-extending strip 74. The ends of the strips 73 and 74: are connected by a wire or the like 7 5, and upon the frame formed by said strips and wire is secured a cover of silk or other like fabric. It will be seen that oving to the mounting of the feather proper upon its rib 65 it will drop to the dotted-line position shown in Fig. 8 when the wing is elevated or moved upwardly to permit air to pass downwardly between the feathers, so that little resistance is ofiered to the upstroke of the wing, and that when the wings move downwardly the resistance ofiered by the air upon the under side of the feathers will cause them to swing to the full-line position shown in Fig. 8, so that they will overlap and present an unbroken surface to the air upon the clownstroke of the wing.

The operation of the wings is as follows: hen the connecting-rods 17 are reciprocated, the frames 51 will be oscillated in a vertical plane upon their rock-shafts 9, together with the frames 57, holders 61, and feathers 66, carried by said frames 51. Upon the downstroke of the wings the frames 57 will swing and feathering-blades or feathers mounted outwardly, owing to their eccentric pivotal connection and the shape of the wing proper, the feathers 66 of which decrease in size from the front to the rear end of the wing, thereby throwing the greater area of the wing to the front. At the same time the feather-holders 61 will oscillate upon their pivots, and this movement of the feathers, together with their swinging movement, caused by the swingin of the frame 57, will tend to propel the ship upwardly and forwardly. Upon the upstroke of the wings the blades 66 will swing axially or feather to offer little resistance to the stroke of the wing, and the holders 61 and also the frames 57 will swing inwardly.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the inven 1. An air-ship having feathered wings and.

supporting and operating means to cause said wings to oscillate vertical l y and longitudinally and the feathers on said wings to oscillate axially and longitudinally, substantially as described.

2. In an air-ship the combination of a frame, a wing-frame mounted to oscillate thereon and a feather-carrying frame mounted to oscillate upon said wing-frame at right angles to the plane of oscillation of the latter, substantially as described.

3. In an air-ship the combination of a frame, a wing-frame mounted to oscillate thereon, a feather-carrying frame mounted to oscillate upon said wing-frame, and feathers or blades mounted upon said feather-carrying frame to oscillate axially, substantially as described.

a. In an air-ship the combination of a frame, a wing-frame mounted to oscillate thereon, a feather-carrying frame mounted to oscillate upon said wing-frame and feathers or blades mounted upon said feather-carrying frame to oscillate in a plane parallel therewith, substantially as described.

5. In an air-ship the combination of a frame, a wing-frame mounted to oscillate thereon, a feather-carrying frame mounted to oscillate upon said wing-frame and feathers or blades mounted upon said feather-carrying frame to oscillate axiall, and in a plane parallel to said feather-carrying frame, substantially as de scribed.

6. In an air-ship the combination of a main frame, vertically-oscillatory frames mounted thereon, horizontally oscillatory frames mounted upon said vertical oscillatory frames,

upon said horizon tally-oscillatory frames, substantially as described.

T. In an air-ship the combination of a main frame, verticallyoscillatory frames mounted thereon, horizontally-oscillatory frames mounted upon said vertical oscillatory frames and axially-swinging feathers or blades mounted to oscillate upon said horiZontally-oscillatory frames, substantially as described.

8. In an air-ship,amainframe,au oscillatory wing-frame mounted thereon, and a feather-- carrying frame pivoted eccentrically upon said wing-frame to swing in a plane parallel.

to the plane of said wing-frame, substantially as described.

9. In. an air-ship, a frame, a verticallyswingmg frame mounted thereon, a horizontally-oscillating frame upon said swinging frame, and feather-holders pivotally mounted intermediate their ends upon said oscillatory frame, one of the ends of each of said holders having a limited sliding movement in said oscillatory frame and the opposite end of each of said holders having a feather or blade, substantially as described.

10. In an air-ship, the combination of an oscillatory Wing'frame, oscillatory featherholders mounted thereon and having a limited lateral movement and axiallyswinging feathers carried by said holders substantially as described.

11. In an air-ship, the combination of an oscillatory Wing having feathers comprising ribs, pivots secured upon said ribs, joints upon said pivots formed With stops to limit their swinging movement and coverings or feathers proper carried by said joints, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof l. have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN SPI'ES. Vl/itnesses:

PHILIP ENGELKE, (Inns. -W. l l'Lnrr'r.

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