US790862A - Baker's oven. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED 'B. YGRE.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

MAY 23, 1905.

5 SEEETSSEEET l.

LWLLMMQQQ ltfiww i. M K I @313 A lttomuu PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN.

OATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

' witmawaa I .4: A ,4 4- A No. 790,862. PATENTED MAY 23, 1905. B.YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YURE.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 1. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

B. YGRE. BAKERS OVEN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

to @31 6 mo NITED STATES Patented May 23, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

BAPTISTE YGRE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,862, dated May 23, 1905.

Application filed June 1, 1904. Serial No. 210,710.

.To all whom! it may concern.-

for one ordinary oven and which has the advantage that two or more men can work at the oven for charging and discharging the articles to and from the baking-chamber; and the invention consists of a bakers oven that is divided by means of an interior gate into two chambers-a charging-chamber and a bakingchamber-the chargingchamber being provided with transverse track-rails and with a truck which is movable on said track-rails and provided with longitudinally-grooved ways that are placed in line with wheeled bakingracks arranged in rows in the baking-chamber.

The invention consists, further, in the improved construction of the interior gate and its closing-blocks, the means for shifting the closing-blocks, and in the means for lowering or raising the entire interior gate for giving access to the baking-chamber, and the invention consists, lastly, in the constructive details of the baking racks and shelves, which will be fully described hereinafter, and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of my improved bakers oven, showing the main gate raised and the auxiliary front and interior gates in closed position. Fig. 2 is a front elevation showing the main gate raised, the auxiliary front gate closed, and the interior gate in lowered or open position. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through the main and auxiliary front gates drawn on a larger scale. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through the charging and baking chambers, showing the front gate and the interior gate in closed position.

u I l Flg. 5 1s a horizontal section on i line 5 5, Fig. 1, through the charging and baking chambers. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section through the charging-chamber and interior gate drawn on a larger scale; and Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a perspective View of the truck by which the baking-racks are transferred from one side of the bakingchamber to the other and a vertical transverse section of the truck on line 8 8,'Fig. 7.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The oven is divided by an interior transverse gate G, that is located at some distance from the front wall A of the ovenfinto a larger compartment or baking-chamber U and a smaller compartment or chargingchamber B, which is located between the front wall A and the interior gate G. The bakingchamber is made of [ire-brick and arched in the usual manner, but of greater height than the baking-chamber of an ordinary bakers oven, so as to provide for the introduction of a plurality of baking-racks R, which are made of suflicient height so as to support a pluralitysay five or moreof superposed bakingshelves. The charging-chamber Bis made of corresponding height, so as to provide for the height of the baking-racks, While the opening 0 in the front wall and the opening 0 in the wall between the charging and. baking chambers are also made of sufficient size to permit the introduction of the baking-racks into the charging-chamber and from the same into the baking-chamber and the removing of the same from one chamber to the other. In front of the opening 0 in the front wall A is anranged a horizontal charging board or shelf A, on which the articles to be baked are placed, so as to permit the ready transference of the same to the baking-racks in the charging-chamber after the front gates are opened and then into the baking-chamber after the interior gate G is opened. The charging and baking chambers are heated up by means of flues which are arranged-in the side, rear, and top walls of the oven and through which the products of combustion from the fireplaces F are conducted to the chimney, so as to permit the preparatory and permanent firing of the baking-chamber. The products of combustion are first drawn through the side flues to the rear fines, then in upward direction to the top fines, then in forward direction through the top flues to the chimney, the flue connections being made in any approved manner, so that a thorough distribution of the products of combustion in the lines and the uniform heating of the walls of the charging and baking chambers is obtained.

T/Lef mnt gatcs.Theopening 0 in the front wall of the oven extends for the full width of the oven and is surrounded by an iron frame E of rectangular shape, which is closed by a main gate E, that is suspended from a suitable chain a, passing over pulleys e and counterbalanced by a weight 0 so that the main gate can be readily opened or closed. The main gate E is guided in vertical ways of the frame E, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 5. Adjacent to and back of the main gate E is arranged a second or auxiliary front gate E,

which is likewise suspended from a chain 6",-

that is guided over pulleys e and counterbalanced by a weight 0 so as to be readily raised or lowered. The auxiliary front gate E consists of a rectangular frame E which is provided in its bottom with grooved ways 6 and near its ends with vertical guideways a.

The vertical guideways e serve for guiding smaller gates 6, one at each end, which are counterbalanced by weighted chains a that are applied to the upper hook-shaped ends of rods e attached to the end gates, said counterbalancing-chains 0 being guided over pulleys e on the front wall of the oven, so that the end gates can be separately raised or lowered independently of the main gate E for giving access to the right and left hand sides of the charging and baking chambers. Between the end gates E and in alinement therewith is arranged a plurality of closing-blocks E, which are guided in the bottom ways 0 of the frame E and shiftable therein, four of these blocks being shown in the drawings. The end gates E and shiftable closing-blocks E are made of wrought-iron or other suitable material and are connected at their adjacent sides by tongue-and-groove joints, so as to produce the tight closing of the chargingchamber. The closing-blocks E are provided with rack-teeth at their lower ends-and made to intermesh with intermediate pinions e, the shafts of which are supported in bearings in the lower part of the main frame E, said pinions being again placed in mesh with gearwheels 0, which are keyed to tubular shafts s, that are provided at their front ends with hand-wheels s. The gear-wheels 0 and their tubular shafts s are supported in a casing arranged below the frame E of the front gates E E of the oven, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The tubular shafts s and the gear-wheels e and pinions e, interposed between the shafts and the closing-blocks E serve for the purpose of shifting the blocks E either towardthe right or left in the frame E after the end gates Eare placed in raised position, so as to give thereby access to any portion of the charging and baking chambers. The main gate E and the auxiliary front gate E composed of the frame E end gates E, and shiftable closing-blocks E, are raised whenever the entire front openingo of the oven is to be opened, so as to give access to the entire width of the charging and baking chambers when this is desired for inserting or removing the baking-racks, cleaning the sole of the bakingchamber, and for other purposes. During the ordinary use of the oven the main gate E and the auxiliary front gate E are in their lowered position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. and access is given to the charging and baking chainbers by first raising the main gate E, then one of the end gates, and then shifting one of the closing-blocks toward the right or left into the space before occupied by the end gate, so that as little heat as possible is permitted to escape from the charging-chamber during the charging and discharging of the oven. The space for shifting the closingblocks E to the left or right is obtained by raising either one or both of the end gates E to the fullest extent. By this arrangement access may be given to any part of the charging and baking chambers either at the sides of the same by simply raising one or both end gates E or at any intermediate part of the same by raising the end gates and then shifting the closing-blocks to one side or the other.

The large opening in the front wall of the oven, together with the main gate and the auxiliary front gate with its end gates and shiftable closing-blocks, can be used in connection with any ordinary bakers oven, the improved front gates having the advantage that two men can work at the oven instead of one for charging the articles to be baked and discharging the baked articles, while heretofore only one man could work at the narrow chargingopening of an oven at one time.

The charging-Cinnabar'.The interior gate G is arranged at such adistance from the front gates E E that a charging-chamber of suflicient size is obtained in which the bakingracks R can be readily moved transversely from one side to the other for the convenient transference of the racks from the chargingchamber to the baking-chamber, and vice versa, from the baking-chamber to the charging-chamber, as required. The level of the bottom of the charging-chamber B is somewhat below the level of the top surface of the front board or shelf A and below the level of the sole of the baking-chamber, so as to permit the arrangement of transverse track-rails (Z on the bottom of the charging-chamber, on which is guided a wheeled truck D, which is shown clearly in Figs. 6 and 7. The truck 1) is made of oblong shape, its length being equal with the width of the charging-chamber B and provided on its top surface with longitudinally-grooved ways d, that extend from the front to the rear end of the truck, so as to permit the Wheels of the bal. ingracks to be run into the grooved ways d of the truck and the moving of the truck with the baking-rack on the same from one end of the charging-chamber to the other. The truck D is provided at its under side with a transverse rack (Z which is preferably located at the middle portion of the truck and engaged by pinions (Z that project through slotted openings ()Z' in the bottom of the charging-chamber B, said pinions meshing with gear-wheels d, that are keyed to tubular shafts 8 located in the tubular shafts a of the operating-gears of the closingblocks E. The tubular shafts are provided with hand-wheels .s in front of thehand-w heels 3 and supported at the rear ends in bearings of a transverse casing cl below the bottom of the charging-chamber, as shown in Fig; 4. By turning the tubular shafts s in one or the opposite direction the truck D is moved by the pinions (Z gradually through the charging-chamber to one side or the other, as required, Adjacent to and in front of the pinions (Z the bottom of the charging-chamber B is provided with oblong sockets (Z7 for inserting stop-pins (Z by which the truck can be locked in position, as shown in Fig. 5, axially in line with the baking-racks in the baking-chamber for permitting the transfer ofthe racks from the baking-chamber to the truck in the charging-chamber, and vice versa,

the return of the baking-racks from the charging-cham her into the baking-chamber. When the truck with the baking-rack on the same is held in position by the stop-pins (i they are also axially in line with a corresponding open space formed in the auxiliary front gate E either by'the raising of the end gates or the shifting of the closing-blocks Ff, so as to permit the convenient charging or discharging of the shelves of'the baking-rack through the open spaces in the auxiliary front gate.

The interior gazle.The interior gate G is guided in vertical ways of a rectangular main frame Gr, which is open at its lower part.

The gate G is composed of an oblong guideframe G twolaterally-shiftable end blocks G", and intermediate shiftable closing-blocks G", as shown in Fig. 5. The end blocks G and closing-blocks G are guided in parallel ways g in the bottom of the guide-frame G the end blocks G being guided in the front ways and the intermediate blocks in the rear way 9. Both the end blocks and intermedi' ate blocks are made shiftable to one side or the other, like the closing-blocks of the auxiliary front gate, by pinions g, which project through openings in the bottom of the guideframe G and mesh with the toothed lower ends of the end and intermediate blocks G G", the pinions "being supported in bearings of the guide-frame G and operated by two sets of intermeshing gear-wheels The front gear wheels g are provided with tubular shafts g" and the rear gear-wheels g with solid shafts 9 which extend through the tubular shafts The shafts g are engaged in any suitable manner by the socket-shaped rear ends of tubular shafts .9", so as to be turned in one or the opposite direction by the same, said shafts extending through the tubular shafts s and being provided in front of the handwheels .9 of the latter with actuating handwheels 8 While the shafts g" of the rear gearwheels g are adapted to be coupled by the rear ends of shafts s, that are extended through the tubular shafts s and provided at their front ends with hand wheels 8 The end blocks G and intermediate blocks G are shifted by the action of the shafts 5' 8 and the intermediate transmitting gears and pinions in the bottom ways of the guide frame G so as to provide the space required for moving the baking-racks from the baking-chamber into the charging-chamber and back into the bakingchamber and give thereby, in

connection with the end gates and shiftable blocks of the auxiliary front gate, access to any part of the baking-chamber. The guideframe G of the interiorgate G is extended to a sufiicient distance below its bottom, so as to provide the necessary space for the motion-transmitting pinions and gear wheelsand is swiveled at its lower end to a screw-spindle G, having a hand-wheel Gr at its lower end, the screw-spindle engaging a central screw-nut g of the stationary yoke G arranged in a recess B below the chargingchamber B, so as to give access to the screwspindle and produce by the turning of the same by its hand-wheel the raising or lowering of the entire gate-frame G with its end and intermediate blocks, so that access is given for the entire width of the baking-chamber for placing the baking-racks in position therein or for the removing of the racks and cleaning the sole of the baking-chamber. The recess B below the charging-chamber B is preferably closed at its front end by a suitable panel 1), which is removed whenever the interior gate is desired to be raised or lowered in its entirety.

Opcmti0n.For starting the oven it is necessary to introduce first the full complement of baking-racks into the baking-chamber. This is accomplished by opening entirely the front gates by raising them to their full extent and the interior gate by lowering it to the full extent. One rack after the other is then placed in position on the truck in the charging-chamber and from the same moved to the rear part of the baking-chamber, the next rack in front of the rearmost rack, and so on until the first row is in position in the baking-chamber. The racks of the next row are then placed in position in the bakingchamber by moving the truck laterally in line with the axis of the second row. The truck is again moved laterally in the charging-chamber for placing the third row of racks in position, and so on until the entire baking-chamber is filled with racks, a space corresponding to one row of racks being left unoccupied at one side of the baking-chamber, as shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 5. The gates are then closed and the preliminary heating of the oven started. The racks remain in the ovenWithoutbeingremoved therefrom. They are then charged with the articles to be baked by opening the corresponding end gates and closing-blocks of the front and interior gates, moving one rack after the other into the charging-chamber, placing the articles thereon, and returning the racks into the bakingchamber. This is accomplished by means of the vacant space at one side of the bakingchamber, which permits the shifting of the racks row by row in the baking-chamber in connection with the truck in the chargingchamber. When the shelves of all the racks are charged, the closing-blocks and the front main gate are closed, the oven permanently fired, so as to bake the articles on the racks. After the baking operation is completed one rack after the other is moved on the truck in the charging-chamber, starting at one side of the baking-chamber, and the baked articles are discharged into a basket by moving the rakes on one shelf after the other in forward direction. The rack is then moved transversely with the truck to the opposite side of the charging-chamber to the farthest rear end of the same. The next rack is then moved onto the truck, the baked articles are removed by the rakes in the same manner as before, the truck is moved over into line with the vacant space in the baking-chamber, and the rack moved backward into a position adjacent to the rack before put in, and so on until the vacant space is filled with racks. The row of racks next adjacent to the space just filled is then moved forward into the charging-chamber one after the other, the articles thereon are removed,and the racks placed in the vacant space formed at the opposite side of the baking-chamber adjacent the first row of racks that has been moved over into the vacant space, so that this side of the oven is charged again with racks. The remaining rows of racks are then moved forward in the same manner into the vacant space formed by the rows of racks just removed until the articles from all the racks are discharged and the same replaced in proper position. When several batches are to be baked by one heat of the oven, all the racks are again charged before being returned into their position in the baking-chamber. After all the racks are replaced in the baking-chamber, the front and interior gates are closed again and the second baking operation takes place. When this is accomplished, the baking-racks are removed again in the same manner by shifting one rack after the other first into the chargingchamber, removing the baked articles, replacing them with new articles, and then shifting the racks back into their proper position in the baking-chamber. In this manner a very large quantity of articles can be baked in one heat of the oven, and thereby the output of the oven greatly increased.

Theimproved oven saves considerable floorspace, as it take the place of four or five ovens I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In abakers oven, the combination, witha baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in communication therewith, of a separating-gate between said chambers, comprising a frame havinga plurality of shiftable blocks or panels guided therein, said frame being movable downwardly below the baking-chamber floor.

2. In a bakers oven, the combination, with the baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in front of the same, of an interior separatinggate between said chambers, said gate being composed of a guide-frame provided with two parallel ways, closing-blocks at each end of one of said ways, closing-blocks between the end closing-blocks, guided in the other way of the guide-frame, and means for shifting the end closing-blocks and intermediate closing-blocks independently of each other in the ways of the guide-frame.

3. In abakers oven, the combinati0n,with a baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in front of the same, of an interior separatinggate between said chambers, a main gate at the front end of the charging-chamber, atruck in said charging-chamber, and means for moving the truck transversely from one side to the other in the charging-chamber.

4:. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in communication therewith,of a separating-gate between said chambers, a plurality of spaced pinions alined transversely of said chargingchamber, a transversely-movable truck arranged in said charging-chamber and provided with a rack for successively engaging said pinions, and means for independently actuating each of the latter.

5. Inabakers oven, the combination, witha baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in front of said baking-chamber, of gates for opening or closing both chambers, transverse rails in the charging-chamber, a truck in said charging-chamber, movable on said rails and provided with longitudinal guide-grooves for the baking-racks, and means for moving the truck from one side to the other in said charging-chamber.

6. In abakers oven, the combination, With a baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in front of said baking-chamber, of gates for opening or closing each of said chambers, a truck in the charging-chamber, means for moving the truck from one side to the other of the charging-chamber, and means for looking the truck in position in said chargingchamber.

7. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber and a charging-chamber in front of the same,of a plurality of baking-racks BAPTISTE YCRE.

Witn esses PAUL GOEPEL, V HE RY J. SUHRBIER.

Images