US790350A - Variable gearing. - Google Patents

Description

No. 790350. "PATE'NITED MAY 23, 1905. R. N. DYER.

VARIABLE GEARING. 1 APPLICATION FILED MAY 27.1901;

2 sums-aunt 1., J

PATE NTED MAY 23, 1905.

R. DYER. VARIABLE GEARING.- I APPLICATION FILED MAY 27,1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Witnesses; W J

UNITED STATES Patented May 23, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

VARIABLE GEARING- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 79. ,350, dated May 23, 1905.

Application filed May 27, 1901. Serial No. 62,089-

To ztZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, RICHARD N. DYER, acitizen of the United States, residing in the city of East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Variable Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to variable gearing of the type described in my Patent No. 611,378, grantedSeptember 27, 1898, wherein gears of different diameters are brought successively into action without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing. The invention relates more particularly to an improvement upon the special form of this type of gearing which is described in my application for patent, Serial No. 43,323, filed J anuary 15, 1901; and its object is to reduce the size of the gearing by having the driving and driven gear-wheels mesh with the same set of wheels of different diameters and moving such driving and driven gear-wheels simultaneously in opposite directions. By this means the double speed reduction for each adjustment of the gearing is secured with a single set of wheels of different diameters, thus reducing the length of the gearing.

The improvement further includes means for keeping the gears working at the pitchline, independent of the mesh of the teeth of the gearing, both during the running of the gearing atany one of its speed adjustments and during the shifting of the gearing from one speed to another, which means does not add to the length of the gearing by the employment of smooth concentric and eccentric disks upon the swinging element, as in my application for patent referred to, but acts upon the frame carrying the swinging element by means of devices located parallel with the wheels of the swinging element.

The improvement also includes a new form of shifting device which enables the driving and driven wheels to be shifted simultaneously in opposite directions upon the driving and driven shafts, while the wheels of different diameters are not moved longitudinally.

The improvement further includes anew form of reversing or back gear especially adapted to this type of gearing.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of a gearing embodying my present improvement. Fig. 2 is a central vertical'longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is across-section on line 3 3 in Fig. 2 looking toward the right. Fig. 4 is a similar crosssection on line 4 4 in Fig. 2 looking toward the right. Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the shifting-shaft on line 5 5 in Fig. 2, the parts immediately at the point where the section is taken only being shown. cross-section similar to Fig. 5, on line 5 5 in Fig. 2, when the two slides of the shiftingshaft are moved to the other limit of their movement. Fig. 7 is a view of the shiftingcam developed, and Fig. 8 is a sectional view through theshifting-cam and gates on line 8 8 in Fig. 2 looking upwardly.

A is the casing of the gearing.

B and C are the driving and driven shafts, which are parallel and have a fixed position. Upon the driving and driven shafts are mounted the driving and driven wheels D E. These wheels have extended hubs a and are splined upon the shafts B and C so as to have a sliding movement thereon.

The swin in element of the earin is a 23 b b b single-stepped cone composed of concentric wheels F, F, F, and F and intermediate eccentric wheels G, G, and G The gearing is shown as one having four speed adjustments; but a larger or smaller number of speed adjustments may be employed. The cone of wheels is carried by a shaft 6, mounted inhangers c a, swinging about the axis of a fourth shaft H, upon which the shifting devices are mounted. The shaft 6 of the swinging element and the shifting-shaft H are geared together by wheels d d so as to turn at the same speed. The swinging element of the gearingis hung between the driving and driven shafts, and its gear-wheels are engaged on opposite sides by the driving and driven wheels. The driving and driven wheels are shifted simultaneously in opposite directions at the coincident sections of the concentric and eccentric wheels of the swinging element to effect Fig. 6 is a the shifting from one point to another of the speed adjustment. I will now describe the means by which the driving and driven wheels are given this lateral movement in coordination with the rotation of the concentric and eccentric wheels.

Upon the extended hubs a of the driving and driven wheels are mounted sleeves e, from which extend upwardly arms a, carrying on their upper ends or heads studs 9 and shoes g. These studs 9 engage with grooves h, carried by the shifting-shaft H, while the shoes 9 bear upon the shoulders h at the sides of the grooves 72/. These grooves it are formed partly in the shaft H and partly in slides I I, which are mounted upon that shaft and which are coupled together so as to move in opposite directions by a gear-wheel c', journaled in a cross-slot in the shaft H and engaging with racks c" i secured to the inner faces of the slides. The slides I I occupy each one-third of the circumference of the shaft H, and they correspond with the coincident portions of the concentric and eccentric wheels of the cone of wheels, which coincident portions also occupy one-third of the circumference. The other two sections of the shaft H, each a sixth of its circumference and corresponding with the cam-sections of the eccentric wheels G Gr G which extend from one coincident portion to the other of the eccentric wheels, are composed of projections some of which, are concentric to the axis of the shaft H and the others, 1'', of which have a cam shape corresponding to the shape of the cam-sections of the eccentric wheels. At the opposite end of the shaft H, however, the concentric extensions which form a part of said shaft occupy two-thirds of the circumference, as shown, the slides I I not extending the entire length of the shaft. The concentric and eccentric grooves are progressively of greater radius from one end of the shaft H to the other. In fact, this shaft can be regarded as carrying a series of concentric and eccentric smooth wheels having coincident portions corresponding with the toothed wheels of the cone, but having the coincident portions mounted on slides having a reciprocating movement for effecting the lateral shifting of the driving and driven wheels by means of straight grooves instead of employing oblique grooves for that purpose. When the gearing is running at any one of its speed adjustments, the grooves of the slides I I register with the grooves in the concentric extensions from the shaft Hand the pins g ride in two of these grooves and hold the driving and driven wheels against shifting laterally. When, however, it is desired to shift the gearing from one speed adjustment to another, the slides I I will be given (by means of a cam J about to be described) a single complete reciprocating motion equal to the Width of one of the wheels. The first half of this reciprocating movement takes place while one pin is riding over one slide and the other pin over the other slide, and the eli'ect is to move the pins in opposite directions until the grooves in the slides register with the grooves in the cam-shaped extensions j from the shaft H. The pins then run into the grooves in these cam-shaped extensions and across such extensions until they engage with the grooves in the opposite slides, when the return movement of the slides, which takes place while the pins are passing through the third of the revolution which they occupy, carries the pins over to the grooves in the next set of concentric extensions jfrom shaft H. hile the pins 7 are passing through the grooves in the cam-shaped extensions 7" from shaft H and the shoes 1 are riding over the cam-shaped shoulders at the sides of such grooves it is evident that one of the arms (1 willmove toward the center of the shaft l'l, while the other arm will move away from that center, this movement corresponding with and taking place at the same time as the swinging of the cone while the driving and driven wheels are passing over the cam-shaped portions of the eccentric wheels. The movements which are thus given to the heads of the arms 0' toward and away from the center of the shaft H are utilized to swing the cone and maintain the mesh of the teeth of the gearing at the pitch-line independent of the strain produced by the working of the teeth upon each other. To accomplish this result, the hangers c 0 are connected together by bails Z: K", which are pivoted to said hangers and engage the outer sides of the arms a. The arms a slide against the inner sides of the bails k Z and as these arms swing simultaneously in one direction or the other they carry the bails with them and cause the hangers c c to swing to the desired extent. By this means not only is the working of the teeth of the gearing at the pitch-line insured while the cone isuudergoing its swinging movement, but also, by the bearing of the shoes 7 upon the concentric shoulders of the grooves 71/, the working of the gears at the pitch-line is insured while the gearing is running at any one of its speed adjustments, and in both cases this result is accomplished by holding the swinging element Zand two oblique grooves W1, which open out of the groove Z at diametrically opposite points and extend in the same direction obliquely across the face of the cam J the width of one of the cone-wheels, this oblique por- IOQ tion occupying'a third of the circumference of the cam J, then for one-sixth of the circumference of the cam' J parallel with the groove Z, and then returning obliquely to the groove Z throughout one-third of the circumference of the cam J. The grooves Z Z cross each other in their oblique sections, as illustrated in Fig. 7. At the beginning of the grooves Z Z are placed pivoted gates m m, which normally close the ends of the grooves Z Z, but which can be thrown across the groove Z, so as to guide a shoe running in the groove Z into either of the oblique grooves Z Z The slide I has attached to it an arm 12, extending over the cam J and carrying upon its end a shoe it, having a limited pivotal movement, which shoe works in the grooves of the cam J The gate m is employed to adjust the gearing in one directionas, for instance, from a lower to a higher speedwhile thegatem is employed to adjust the gearing in the other direction, as from a higher to a lower speed. In the position of the parts shown in the drawings the gearing is at its point of lowest speed, the driving-wheel is at the extreme rightand in engagement with the largest concentric wheel F while the driven wheel is at the extreme left and is in engagement with thesmallest concentric wheel F. The pin 9 which shifts the driving-wheel is running in the annular groove of smallest radius at the right end of the shaft H, while the pin 9 which shifts the driven wheel is running in the annular groove of greatest radius at the extreme left of the shaft H. If nowthe gate on is thrown across the groove Z, the shoe a will enter the oblique groove Z just as the pin 9 which shifts the driving-wheelD enters the section of the annular groove which is carried by the slide 1 and just as the pin 9 which shifts the driven wheel E is enter ing'the section of its annular groove which is carried by the slide I. As the shoe it passes across the first oblique section ofthe groove Z the slide I will be moved to the right and the slide 1 to the left (looking at Figs. 1 and 2) the distance of the width of one of the concentric or eccentric toothed wheels. This sliding movement will take place while the driving-wheel D is riding over the coincident portion between the concentric and eccentric wheels F G and while the driven wheel E is riding over the coincident portion between the concentric and eccentric wheels F G. At the end of this movement of the slides I and I the wheels D and. E will be on the eccen-v 'ed into the oblique groove Z 'of the opposite slides I Ithat is to say, the

ping for the driving-Wheel D will be transferred from the slide 1 to the slideIand the pin 9 for the driven wheel E will be transferred from the slide I to the slide I. The shoe n will then enter the return oblique portion of the groove Z, and while moving through that oblique portion the slide I will be movedto the left and the slide 1 to the right,carrying the shifting pins g for the driving anddriven wheels over to the next concentric grooves. If the gate m is kept open, these movements will be continued until the driving-wheel D is shifted to the extreme left and rides upon the smallest concentric wheel F and the driven wheel E is shifted to the extreme right and rides upon the largest concentric wheel F If, however, after the shoe n has entered the groove Z the gate m is allowed to close, only one shifting movement. will take place, and the shoe or will after the shifting movement is completed continue to move around the annular groove Z. To shift the gearing from a higher to a lower speedthat is to say, to move the driving-wheel D to the right and the driven wheel E to the left (if these wheels are not at their extreme positions to the right and left)-the gate m will be opened and the shoe or will be direct- It will enter that groove when the pin 9 for the drivingwheel D is in the slide I and the pin 0 for thedriven wheel E is in the slide 1. ciprocation of the slides will therefore first carry the wheel D one width to the right and the wheel E one width to the left, when the pins for these wheels will be transferred from one slide to the other and the return movement of the slides will complete the shifting motion.

To move the gates m m, I extend the shafts of these gatesinto the interior of the cam J and provide the inner ends of said shafts with cranks 0 0, which are connected by spring pressed rods p p with a lever K. The rods 19 p are connected with this lever by pins'and slots, so that the movement of the lever in one direction from a central point swings one gate Without moving the other and in the other direction swings the other gate without moving the first, while the springs upon the rods 9 p return the gates and the lever K to a central position when the lever is released. As a safety device and to prevent the wrong gate from being opened when the gearing is at either extreme of its two adjustments I provide levers q q, operated by spring-pins r r, which spring-pins are inthe pathof movement of the heads of the arms a. When the gearing is at the point of lowest speed adjustment, the head of the arm 0, carried by thedriven wheel E, strikes the rod r and forces that rod outwardly, causing the end of the lever q to move up against the handlever K and prevent the further movement of The rethe hand-lever K in the direction to open the gate m. hen thegearing is at its highest point of speed adjustment, the head of the arm 0', carried by the d riving-wheel D, strikes the rod 1' and forcing it outwardly moves the lever (1 up against the inner side of the handlever K, thus preventing the further opening of the gate m.

As a reversing or back gear I provide an arrangement whereby when the driving-wheel Dis on the largest concentric wheel F and the gearing is at its lowest point of speed adjustment the motion of the other wheels of the cone can be reversed, so as to reverse the driven wheel E. This is accomplished by securing the concentric wheels F F F and the eccentric wheels G G G rigidly to the shaft I), while the concentric wheel F is mounted loosely upon a sleeve L, surrounding the shaft 5. The adjoining faces of the wheels F and Gr are hollowed out and carry beveled gearwheels M. The sleeve L extends into the chamber in the wheels F G and carries upon studs within that chamber beveled wheels N, which mesh with the beveled wheels M, carried by the wheels F and G Upon the sleeve L and to the right of the Wheel F is splined a clutch-block 0, moved by a lever P and having teeth 8 on opposite sides engaging with teeth t, carried by the wheel F and by the hanger 0'. Now by moving the clutch-block O to the left, so as to couple the wheel I and the sleeve L together, the wheel F will be caused to turn in the same direction as the other wheels of the cone; but if the clutch-block O is moved to the right, so as to couple the sleeve L to the hanger c, and thus hold said sleeve against rotation, the wheel F will be caused to rotate in the opposite direction from the other wheels of the cone, and if this is done while the driving-Wheel D is in mesh with the wheel F the result will be to cause the driven wheel E to be reversed in its direction of rotation. By interlocking the lever P with the other elements of the gearing the shifting of the wheel D either onto or ofi of the wheel F can be prevented except when the wheel F is locked to the sleeve L and rotates with the other wheels of the cone.

What I claim is 1. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with a single set of gear-wheels of different diameters, of driving and driven toothed wheels engaging such firstnamed wheels, and means for transferring said driving and driven wheels simultaneously and in opposite directions, one to a larger and the other to a smaller wheel, without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing, substantially as set forth.

2. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with parallel driving and driven shafts having a fixed position and driving and driven wheels carried by such shafts and sliding thereon, of the swinging element of the gearing, including a single set of wheels of different diameters, mounted between the driving and driven shafts, and means for transferring said driving and driven wheels simultaneously and in opposite directions, one to a larger and the other to a smaller wheel, without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing, substantially as set forth.

3. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with a cone of toothed wheels composed of concentric and eccentric wheels having coincident portions, of driving and driven wheels engaging the wheels of the cone, and means for moving the driving and driven wheels simultaneously in opposite directions at the coincident portions of the concentric and eccentric wheels, substantially as set forth.

4. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with the swinging cone of wheels and the driving and driven wheels movable simultaneously in opposite directions, of a shaft parallel with the cone-shaft and having a fixed speed relation therewith, and means carried by said shaft for producing simultaneous movements of said driving and driven wheels in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

5. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with a single set of gear-wheels of different diameters, and driving and driven toothed wheels engaging said first-named wheels, of means for transferring said driving and driven wheels simultaneously and in opposite directions one to a larger and the other to a smaller wheel without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing involving a relative swinging movement of the elements, and means for holding said elements positively in both directions and independently of the mesh of the teeth of the gearing while the gearing is running at any one of its speed adjustments, whereby the working of the gears on the pitch-line will be insured, substantially as set forth.

6. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with a single set of gear-wheels of different diameters, and driving and driven toothed wheels engaging said first-named wheels, of means for transferring said driving and driven wheels simultaneously and in opposite directions one to a larger and the other to a smaller wheel without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing involving a relative swinging movement of the elements, and means independent of the mesh of the teeth of the gearing for producing the relative swing of said elements positively and controlling the swinging movement in both directions, whereby the working of the gears on the pitch-line will be insured during the shifting of the gearing from one speed to another, substantially as set forth.

'7. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination with a single set of gear-wheels of difierent diameters, and driving and driven toothed wheels engaging said first-named wheels, of means for transferring said driving and driven wheels simultaneously and in opposite directions one to a larger and the other to a smaller wheel Without interruption in the transmission of power through the gearing involving a relative swinging movement of the elements, and means for holding the swinging element positively in both directions and independent of the mesh of the teeth of the gearing both while the swinging element is at rest and when undergoing its swinging movement,'whereby the working of the gears on the pitch-line will be at all times insured, substantially as set forth.

8. In a variable gearing of the type described, ashifting device for producing simultaneous lateral movements in opposite directions, wherein are combined a rotating shaft having stationary grooved sections, two grooved slides carried by the shaft and means for reciprocating the slides simultaneously in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

9. In a variable gearing of the type described, a shifting device for producing simultaneous lateral movements in opposite directions, wherein are combined a rotating shaft having stationary grooved sections, two grooved slides carried by the'shaft, connections between the slides causing them to move in opposite directions, a stationary cam having oblique grooves, a shoe traveling in such grooves and connected with one of said slides and gates on the cam for directing the shoe into said oblique grooves, substantially as set forth.

10. In a variable gearing of the type described, a shifting device for producing simultaneous lateral movements in opposite directions and radial movements coordinated with the lateral movements, wherein are combined a rotating shaft having two sets of grooved stationary concentric and eccentric sections of progressively greater radius, two slides carried by the shaft and working between the stationary sections, such slides having a succession of concentric grooves of progressively greater radius, and means for reciprocating,

the slides simultaneously in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

11. In a variable gearing of the type described, the combination of the parallel driving and driven shafts having a fixed relation, the driving and driven wheels sliding thereon, arms carried by the hubs of the driving and driven shafts and turning thereon, the swinging frame, the cone of wheels carried by such frame but fixed against longitudinal movement, the bails connected with the frame and embracing the arms of the driving and driven wheels, and means for giving such arms simultaneous lateral movements in opposite directions and simultaneous swinging movements in the same direction, substantially as set forth.

12. In avariable gearing of the type described, the combination of the parallel driving and driven shafts having a fixed relation, the driving and driven wheels sliding thereon, arms carried by the hubs of the driving and driven shafts and turning thereon, the swinging frame, the cone of wheels carried by such frame but fixed against longitudinal movement, the bails connected with the frame and embracing the arms of the driving and driven wheels, the shifting shaft having grooved slides and grooved stationary concentric and eccentric sections, the grooves of the slides and stationary sections being progressively of greater radius and engaging the arms of the driving and driven wheels and a gated cam for moving the slides in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

13. In a variable gearing of the type described, the cone of wheels having its end wheel connected with the adjoining wheel by an internal reversinggear and means for throwing such reversing-gear into and out of action, substantially as set forth.

14:. In a variable gearing of the type described, the cone of wheels having its largest wheel mounted to turn independently of the other wheels of the cone, a reversing-gear connecting this wheel with the adjoining wheel of the cone, such reversing-gear being located in a chamber within such wheels, and a clutch locking the independent wheel to the other wheels of the cone in one position and in the other position throwing into action the reversing-gear, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 24th day of May, 1901.

RICHARD N. DYER.

Witnesses:

J NO. R. TAYLOR, AROHIBALD GRAY Rnnsn.

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